Viral hepatitis C and B among dialysis patients at the Rabat University Hospital: Prevalence and risk factors

Abstract Introduction The clinical epidemiological profile of patients with viral hepatitis C appears to differ from population. It is well established that in the West, the two main modes of hepatitis C virus contamination are blood transfusion and addiction. However, in our region, risk factors for transmission remain poorly identified and poorly quantified Thus, the objective of this study is to chart the epidemiological profile and to show the share of the different risk factors reported among the modes of transmission of HCV in this category of Oranese patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with patients with chronic viral hepatitis C, admitted to the gastroenterology services of the Oran University Hospital and prospectively collected from 2009 until 2015 for therapeutic management. The data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and processed on SPSS 20.0. Results There are 289 cases of viral hepatitis C; female predominance (sex ratio of 0.56). Their average age is 48.9±12.9 years. The G1 genotype is slightly with a frequency of 48.4% followed by the G2 with 37.7%. Among the probable modes of contamination reported, dental care ranked first with 54.7% followed by surgical procedures in 26.3%. Traditional practices such as hijama and scarification were found in 51.9% of cases. Conclusion Apart from the known contamination factors in the literature, we must not overlook the very important part of traditional practices that are closely linked to the traditions and beliefs of our region. Awareness campaigns should be adopted on hygiene practices to ensure good care safety. Keywords HCV, Contamination Patterns, Genotype, Risk

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Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: results from a nationwide screening program

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-019-4322-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jean Damascene Makuza ◽

Carol Y. Liu ◽

Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽

Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽

Sabine Umuraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis C

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Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

10.21203/rs.2.9671/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Damascene Makuza ◽

Carol Y Liu ◽

Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽

Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽

Sabine Umuraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Case Finding ◽

Public Health Approach ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis C ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods: A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden. At the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb) seroprevalence. Results: Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22,183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb Seroprevalence include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.26-1.47), Southern province (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.88-2.08) and aged 65 years and older (OR=4.86, 95% CI: 4.62-5.11). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.01) and participants using RAMA (Health insurances for employees of public and private sectors) insurance (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85) had lower odds of HCV seroprevalence. Conclusions: Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions should aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and case-finding targeting individuals with a history of exposure or advanced age.

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Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

10.21203/rs.2.9671/v4 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Damascene Makuza ◽

Carol Y Liu ◽

Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽

Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽

Sabine Umuraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Case Finding ◽

Public Health Approach ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis C ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods: A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden. At the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb) seroprevalence. Results: Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22,183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb Seroprevalence include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.26-1.47), Southern province (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.88-2.08) and aged 65 years and older (OR=4.86, 95% CI: 4.62-5.11). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.01) and participants using RAMA (Health insurances for employees of public and private sectors) insurance (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85) had lower odds of HCV seroprevalence. Conclusions: Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions should aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and case-finding targeting individuals with a history of exposure or advanced age.

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Establishing Cut-Offs for Non-Invasive Liver Tests to Detect Cirrhosis at a High Sensitivity

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences. ◽

10.2478/prolas-2020-0019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 74 (2) ◽

pp. 118-124

Author(s):

Andrejs Ernests Zirnis ◽

Zane Straume ◽

Raisa Bērziņa ◽

Justīne Māliņa-Bambīte ◽

Aleksejs Derovs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Chronic Liver Diseases ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Viral Hepatitis C ◽

Case Files ◽

End Stage ◽

Liver Tests

AbstractLiver cirrhosis is the end stage of chronic liver diseases. The current gold standard for diagnosing this condition, liver biopsy, has too many drawbacks, and research for better alternatives is ongoing. One major diagnostic arsenal includes various serological composition scores or so-called formulas. They are constantly being validated for development of new formulas. In our retrospective study of 215 patients case files who had confirmed cirrhosis of various etiologies, we examined the sensitivity and set new cut-offs for five of the most well-documented formulas. Data was obtained from the Rīga East University Hospital from 2012 to 2017 and analysed using SPSS V.22.00. In our study we found that FIB-4 at cut-off > 1.45 had over 95% sensitivity for excluding advanced fibrosis regardless of cirrhosis etiology. None of evaluated formulas had high sensitivity for detecting cirrhosis of alcohol etiology. For the viral hepatitis C genesis group, the best choice was deRitis index with almost 90% sensitivity. FIB-4 at cut-off > 2.75 was the best choice for the combined alcohol and viral hepatitis C group; BONACINI at score 8+ and FIB-4 at > 3.25 were the most sensitive in the main group containing all patients irrespective of cirrhosis etiology.

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Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection

Medicinski pregled ◽

10.2298/mpns0312511m ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 56 (11-12) ◽

pp. 511-515

Author(s):

Zeljko Mijailovic ◽

Predrag Canovic ◽

Olgica Gajovic ◽

Zoran Todorovic ◽

Ljiljana Nesic

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Study Group ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Viral Hepatitis C

Introduction Hepatitis C viral infection represents a major health problem in the world. The estimated global incidence is about 3%, whereas the number of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers worldwide is estimated to be between 150-300 million people. Material and methods This retrospective analysis included 82 patients whose diagnosis of viral hepatitis C infection was based upon the following criteria: case history, physical examination, laboratory and abdominal ultrasound examination, histological examination of the liver, radiological examination, serological analysis and viral analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe general data on patients of the study group, risk factor analysis and follow-up results. Results The most prominent risk factor in our study group was intravenous use of drugs in 37 patients (37%), and blood transfusion in 13 patients (13%). Less important risk factors of viral hepatitis C infection included: promiscuity (8%), sexual contact with hepatitis C carriers (5%), surgical intervention (5%), haemodialysis (3%), intranasal use of cocaine (2%). Discussion Hepatitis C viral infection has become the illness of young and middle-aged population. This is due to the epidemic profile of this illness, due to intravenous use of drugs as the most prominent risk factor. Conclusion Due to the number of infected, numerous risk factors and complications of viral hepatitis C, hepatitis C virus has become the most prominent hepatotrophic virus.

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Evaluation of Macular and choroidal Thickness measurements in HCV patients taking Recent anti viral hepatitis C Drugs (daclatasvir / sofosbuvir) Combination

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab109.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Doaa Saad Yusuf ◽

AG Salman ◽

Tarek M Yosef ◽

Walid Mohamed Elzawahry ◽

Walaa Hashem

Keyword(s):

Optical Coherence Tomography ◽

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Chronic Hepatitis C ◽

Choroidal Thickness ◽

University Hospital ◽

Research Centre ◽

Optical Coherence ◽

Viral Hepatitis C

Abstract Purpose This study aims to evaluate the effect of oral (sofosbuvir / daclatasvir) Combination on the macular and choroidal thickness of Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) Methods This study was conducted on 30 subjects recruited from Viral Hepatitis Treatment and Research Centre and examined at Ophthalmology Out Patients Clinics, Ain Shams University Hospital during the period from June 2018 to February 2019. All participants underwent full general and ocular history taking and a precise ophthalmological clinical evaluation including assessment by OCT before starting our Direct Acting Antiviral Drugs (DAAs), sofosbuvir and daclatasvir (SOF/ DAC) combination for 12 weeks then, they reassessed again at the end of the treatment by Spectral Domain optical coherence tomography (SD –OCT) Retina Scan RS - 3000 advance(NIDEK Co., Gamagori Japan) (figure 1). Results Our study included 60 eyes of 30 patients with chronic hepatitis C with no evidence of changes on macular and choroidal thickness have been reported at 3 months after treatment onset in all subjects; the difference was statistically insignificant for macular and choroidal thickness. Conclusions Our study showed that all the participants who were followed before and after treatment showing that there were no changes on the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), there were no changes on macular and choroidal thickness observed throughout all the study period.

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Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

10.21203/rs.2.9671/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Damascene Makuza ◽

Carol Y Liu ◽

Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽

Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽

Sabine Umuraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Case Finding ◽

Public Health Approach ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis C ◽

History Of

Abstract Background: The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods: A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden. At the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with hepatitis C antibodies (HCVAb) seroprevalence. Results: Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22,183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb Seroprevalence include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.05-1.14), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.15-1.40), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.26-1.47), Southern province (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.88-2.08) and aged 65 years and older (OR=4.86, 95% CI: 4.62-5.11). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.97, 95% CI: 0.93-1.01) and participants using RAMA (Health insurances for employees of public and private sectors) insurance (OR=0.76, 95% CI: 0.70-0.85) had lower odds of HCV seroprevalence. Conclusions: Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions should aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and case-finding targeting individuals with a history of exposure or advanced age.

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Risk factors for viral hepatitis C infection in Rwanda: Results from a Nationwide Screening Program

10.21203/rs.2.9671/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Jean Damascene Makuza ◽

Carol Y Liu ◽

Corneille Killy Ntihabose ◽

Donatha Dushimiyimana ◽

Sabine Umuraza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Screening Program ◽

Case Finding ◽

Public Health Approach ◽

Sample Collection ◽

Hepatitis C Infection ◽

Viral Hepatitis C ◽

History Of

Abstract Background The epidemiology and risk factors for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are not well known; however, this information is crucial to shaping the country’s public health approach to hepatitis C control. Methods A HCV screening campaign was conducted in the general population in 24 districts previously identified to have a high HCV disease burden at the time of sample collection, sociodemographic information and self-reported risk factors were collected. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with HCVAb seroprevalence. Results Out of a total of 326,263 individuals screened for HCVAb, 22183 (6.8%) were positive. In multivariate analysis, risk factors identified as statistically associated with HCVAb positivity include history of traditional operation or scarification (OR=1.091, 95% CI: 1.049-1.135), presence of viral hepatitis in the family (OR=1.268, 95% CI: 1.151-1.397), widowed or separated/divorced (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.257-1.471), South province (OR=1.978, 95% CI: 1.884-2.077) and age 65 years old and over (OR=4.857, 95% CI: 4.617-5.110). Ubudehe category 3 (OR=0.966, 95% CI: 0.927-1.008) and participants using RAMA insurance (OR=0.775, 95% CI: 0.704-0.854) had lower odds of HCV seropositivity. Conclusions Our findings provide important information for Rwanda’s strategy on prevention and case-finding. Future prevention interventions will aim to reduce transmission through targeted messaging around traditional healing practices and future case-finding will target individuals with a history of exposure or of older age.

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Triple therapy of viral hepatitis C

Forum Zakażeń ◽

10.15374/fz2015014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 115-119

Author(s):

Małgorzata Pawłowska

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Triple Therapy ◽

Viral Hepatitis C

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