scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A central nervous system etiology

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
PeterJ Jannetta ◽  
LynnH Fletcher ◽  
PeterM Grondziowski ◽  
KennethF Casey ◽  
RaymondF Sekula
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals Perinatal changes in plasma of type 2 diabetes mellitus pregnancies who delivered newborns with cardiomyopathy, depression of the central nervous system, or hepatomegaly

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur T. Kopylov ◽  
Olga Papysheva ◽  
Iveta Gribova ◽  
Anna L. Kaysheva ◽  
Galina Kotaysch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Maternal Diabetes ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peripheral Blood Plasma

Abstract Background Maternal diabetes either pregestational or gestational is the main risk factor contributing in development of diabetic fetopathy (DF) in newborns. There are no generalized signs of DF up to late gestational age due to insufficient sensitivity of the currently employed instrumental methods for diagnosis. Methods This is a cross-sectional prospective controlled study. Here, we reported proteomic investigation for several cases of severe types of diabetic fetopathy (cardiomyopathy (CRDM, n = 37), central nervous system depression (CNSD, n = 35) and hepatomegaly (HPMG, n = 35)) diagnosed during 30–35 gestational weeks and confirmed upon delivery by from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Control groups were comprised from women in whom T2DM had been ruled out (n = 40) and group of pregnancies with T2DM who delivered healthy newborns (n = 40). Results We found a composition of serum-based non-trivial markers capable that are strongly associated with the certain type of fetopathy or anatomical malfunctions in the affected newborns. Significant impact on mRNA splicing and DNA reparation has been determined by emerging alterations in CDCL5. Patients of CNSD groups were characterized by utmost depletion (ca. 7% of baseline) of DFP3 neurotrophic factor needed for the proper specialization of cardiomyocytes and oligodendrocytes. Corrupted regulation of non-canonical Wnt-signaling guided by PEDF (in CNSD and HPMG groups) and DAAM2 (in CRDM and HPMG groups) was also proposed. In addition, deficiency in retinoic acid and thyroxine transport was revealed by dramatic increase of TTHY in CNDS group. Conclusions We examined peripheral blood plasma and determined a small proportion of proteins indicating the pre-existing signs of DF. Most of the examined markers are participants of critical processes at different stages of embryogenesis and regulate various phases of morphogenesis. There are proteins regulating splicing and DNA repair, differentiation of neurons and their switching to the post-mitotic state. Therefore, reconstruction of the molecular interplay between the defined in proteins is decisive to appreciate cryptic violations in fetal development on the background of diabetic conditions

Measurement of the visual system response and its correlation with the central nervous system in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1499-1511
Author(s):  
José Alfredo Padilla Medina ◽  
Carlos Alonso Herrera Ramírez ◽  
Luz María Cardona Torres ◽  
Delia Angélica Galicia Reséndiz ◽  
Juan Prado Olivares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Visual System ◽  
System Response ◽  
The Central Nervous System

“CHANGES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 WITH NEPHROPATHY AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF NEUROMARKERS OF BRAIN INJURY. LITERATURE REVIEW"

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Yu. Urmanova ◽  
A. Holikov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Neurospecific Proteins

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY is to carry out an analysis of the literature evaluating diabetic encephalopathy by determining neuromarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In this article, the authors analyzed the literature on the role of neuromarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing program hemodialysis. RESEARCH RESULTS. Among biochemical markers, the determination of the level of neurospecific proteins is actively being investigated. The main part of them is autoantigens, entering the bloodstream, can cause the appearance of autoantibodies, which, when the blood-brain barrier is impaired, enter the brain from the blood vessel and cause morphological changes, destructive processes in neurons, as well as the development of nonspecific acute-phase reactions like edema or inflammation. Biomarker studies for the diagnosis of various brain lesions have been under way for more than 20 years, but at present no ideal biomarker has been found. Among biochemical markers, the determination of the level of neurospecific proteins is being actively studied. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis, this issue is also relevant in view of the frequent vascular cerebrovascular complications, but few studies have been conducted. CONCLUSIONS. All of the above emphasizes the need to identify the features of clinical and functional changes in the nervous system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving program hemodialysis and to evaluate the prognostic value of neuromarkers in early detection of the degree of brain damage. 

scholarly journals Increased Brain Iron Deposition in the Putamen in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Detected by Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Qihao Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Lingfei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Brain Iron ◽  
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping ◽  
Brain Iron Deposition

Background. The underlying brain structural changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients have attracted increasing attention. The insulin-resistant state causes iron overload in neurons and leads to lesions in the central nervous system. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) can provide a noninvasive quantitative analysis of brain iron deposition. We aimed to compare the difference of brain iron deposition in the gray matter nucleus between T2DM patients and healthy elderly individuals using QSM. Methods. Thirty-two T2DM patients and thirty-two age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this research. Twenty-three patients and twenty-six HCs underwent cognitive assessments. Brain QSM maps were computed from multiecho GRE data using morphology-enabled dipole inversion with automatic uniform cerebrospinal fluid zero reference algorithm (MEDI+0). ITK-SNAP was used to measure the susceptibility values reflecting the content of iron in the regions of interest (ROIs). Results. The study included thirty-two T2DM patients (20 males and 12 females; mean age of 61.09±9.99 years) and 32 HCs (14 males and 18 females; mean age of 59.09±9.77 years). These participants had no significant difference in age or gender (P>0.05). Twenty-three patients with T2DM (11 males and 12 females; mean age, 64.65±8.44 years) and twenty-six HCs (14 males and 12 females; mean age, 62.30±6.13 years) received an assessment of cognitive function. T2DM patients exhibited an obviously (t=3.237, P=0.003) lower Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score (26.78±2.35; HCs, 28.42±0.64; normal standard ≥26) and a higher Stroop color-word test (SCWT)-C score [87(65,110); HC, 63(60,76.75), Z=−2.232, P=0.003] than HCs. The mean susceptibility values in the putamen appeared obviously higher in T2DM patients than in HCs (t=−3.994, P<0.001). The susceptibility values and cognitive assessment scores showed no obvious association (P>0.05). However, an obvious correlation was observed between the changes in the susceptibility values in the putamen and the thalamus/dentate nucleus (r=0.404, P<0.001; r=0.423, P<0.001). Conclusion. T2DM patients showed increased susceptibility values in the putamen and had declines in executive functions, but the linear association between them was not statistically significant. Changes in susceptibility values in the putamen indicated increased iron deposition and might be used as a quantitative imaging marker of central nervous system injury in T2DM patients. QSM might be able to help probe micro neuronal damage in gray matter and provide information on diabetic encephalopathy.

Catestatin as a regulator of sympathetic nervous system activity and its influence on the development and progression of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
O. А. Pankova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

The article analyzes the results of conducted studies about the effect of catestatin on the development of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, since hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system is a powerful pathogenetic mechanism of their progression. This paper considers the causes of increased secretion and release of catecholamines due to the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and its impact on the reduction of catestatin levels, which has an inhibitory effect blocking nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms of the catestatin domain Gly364Ser, Pro370Leu, Arg374Gln, Gly367Val and the difference of their antiadrenergic activity in comparison with the wild type of catestatin are studied, the reasons of changes in the efficiency of catestatin alleles are determined. It is estimated the pathogenetic significance of low levels of catestatin in the development of hypertension through the mechanisms of impaired vasodilation and inhibition of catecholamines. The predictive significance of catestatin is based on decrease in its level in persons with hereditary predisposition to the development of arterial hypertension. The anti-inflammatory effect of catestatin determines its role in the pathogenesis of diseases accompanied by chronic inflammation, including type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. The role of catestatin in the regulation of glucose metabolism due to an insulin-like effect and inhibition of glucose secretion by hepatocytes, as well as improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, has been established. The perspectives of catestatin are determined as a potential biomarker of arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF THE COURSE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WITH AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Durdona Abrorova ◽  
◽  
Gulnora Togaeva ◽  
Aziza Davranova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Neuropathy ◽  
Autonomic Neuropathy ◽  
Complications Of Diabetes ◽  
Functional Features

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), which leads to severalconditions that reduce performance and threaten thepatient's life. Neuropathy against the background of diabetes takes the topplace, accounting for 40% of all neuropathies, ahead of alcoholic neuropathy [2]. Diabetic neuropathy is a combination of syndromes of damage to the nervous system with a predominant lesion of its various parts (sensorimotor or autonomic).Keywords:Diabetes mellitus,diabetic autonomic cardiac neuropathy, circadian index, heart denervation, painless ischemia

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