“CHANGES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 2 WITH NEPHROPATHY AND PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF NEUROMARKERS OF BRAIN INJURY. LITERATURE REVIEW"

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Yu. Urmanova ◽  
A. Holikov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Neurospecific Proteins

THE PURPOSE OF THE STUDY is to carry out an analysis of the literature evaluating diabetic encephalopathy by determining neuromarkers. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In this article, the authors analyzed the literature on the role of neuromarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing program hemodialysis. RESEARCH RESULTS. Among biochemical markers, the determination of the level of neurospecific proteins is actively being investigated. The main part of them is autoantigens, entering the bloodstream, can cause the appearance of autoantibodies, which, when the blood-brain barrier is impaired, enter the brain from the blood vessel and cause morphological changes, destructive processes in neurons, as well as the development of nonspecific acute-phase reactions like edema or inflammation. Biomarker studies for the diagnosis of various brain lesions have been under way for more than 20 years, but at present no ideal biomarker has been found. Among biochemical markers, the determination of the level of neurospecific proteins is being actively studied. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis, this issue is also relevant in view of the frequent vascular cerebrovascular complications, but few studies have been conducted. CONCLUSIONS. All of the above emphasizes the need to identify the features of clinical and functional changes in the nervous system in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving program hemodialysis and to evaluate the prognostic value of neuromarkers in early detection of the degree of brain damage. 

SUMMARY OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS METHODS OF ANTI DIABETIC GLIFLOZINS EMPAGLIFLOZIN, CANAGLIFLOZIN AND DAPAGLIFLOZIN

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (07) ◽  
pp. 80-83
Author(s):  
W. A Zaghary ◽  
S. Mowaka ◽  
M. S. Hendy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Biological Samples ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Drug Control ◽  
Bioanalytical Assays

Sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are relatively new developed effective oral anti-diabetic agents used in treatment of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. They present either alone or in combination with other ant diabetic agents such as linagliptin, Saxagliptin and metformin. Therefore, the necessity to explore and compare the existing analytical and bioanalytical assays used for determination of such drugs either single or in combination is crucial. Many methods were reported in the literature for the bio-analysis and analysis of three novel gliflozins with applying the method on different dosage forms and different chemical and biological samples. Furthermore, this review offered an overview of different methods used for determination of every drug alone in a tabulated comparative way. Moreover, the present review emphasized the most common stability indicating assays to be of interest to the analysts in the area of drug control.

scholarly journals Cutaneous manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Roslind ◽  
Kunnummal Muhammed ◽  
K. G. Sajeeth Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Normal Controls

Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) to study the cutaneous manifestations in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in comparison to normal subjects and (2) to document the association between cutaneous manifestations and complications of DM. Materials and Methods: In this 1-year comparative cross-sectional study, 100 patients receiving treatment at the diabetic clinic of a tertiary center were evaluated for cutaneous manifestations and complications due to diabetes. The cutaneous features in diabetics were compared with that of normal controls. An attempt was made to find out any association between cutaneous features of DM and internal organ involvement due to diabetes. Results: Cutaneous manifestations were more frequent in patients with type 2 DM than normal controls. The most common manifestation in diabetics was fungal infection followed by bacterial infection. Diabetic dermopathy was found to have statistically significant association with nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy due to type 2 DM. Limitations: Limited sample size and study confined to a tertiary referral center. Conclusions: Dermatology manifestations provide important clues of prognostic significance in type 2 DM.

scholarly journals Determination of Angiopoietin Like Protein-4 Levels and Some Parameters in Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-43
Author(s):  
Shatha Abdul Wadood ◽  
◽  
Yahya D. Saihood ◽  
Zahraa J. Mohammed ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A central nervous system etiology

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
PeterJ Jannetta ◽  
LynnH Fletcher ◽  
PeterM Grondziowski ◽  
KennethF Casey ◽  
RaymondF Sekula
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

scholarly journals Compromised cortical bone compartment in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microvascular disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 174 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram V Shanbhogue ◽  
Stinus Hansen ◽  
Morten Frost ◽  
Niklas Rye Jørgensen ◽  
Anne Pernille Hermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Microvascular Disease ◽  
Cortical Porosity ◽  
Markers Of Bone Turnover

Objective and designPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) have an increased fracture risk despite a normal or elevated bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this cross-sectionalin vivostudy was to assess parameters of peripheral bone microarchitecture, estimated bone strength and bone remodeling in T2D patients with and without diabetic microvascular disease (MVD+ and MVD− respectively) and to compare them with healthy controls.MethodsFifty-one T2D patients (MVD+ group:n=25) were recruited from Funen Diabetic Database and matched for age, sex and height with 51 healthy subjects. High-resolution peripheral quantitative tomography (HR-pQCT) was used to assess bone structure at the non-dominant distal radius and tibia. Estimated bone strength was calculated using finite element analysis. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured in all participants.ResultsAfter adjusting for BMI, MVD+ patients displayed lower cortical volumetric BMD (P=0.02) and cortical thickness (P=0.02) and higher cortical porosity at the radius (P=0.02) and a trend towards higher cortical porosity at the tibia (P=0.07) compared to controls. HR-pQCT parameters did not differ between MVD− and control subjects. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were significantly lower in MVD+ and MVD− patients compared to controls (allP<0.01). These were no significant correlations between disease duration, glycemic control (average glycated hemoglobin over the previous 3 years) and HR-pQCT parameters.ConclusionCortical bone deficits are not a characteristic of all T2D patients but of a subgroup characterized by the presence of microvascular complications. Whether this influences fracture rates in these patients needs further investigation.

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