Subacute effect of Vernonia amygdalina methanolic crude leaf extract on the hematological profile in albino Wistar rats

The methanolic leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina (MLVA) was assessed to evaluate its antidiabetic potential in rats. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by the administration of alloxan monohydrate at 100 mg/kg of body weight. After 48 h, rats with fasting blood glucose levels of 200 mg/dL and above were considered diabetic and used for the study. The experimental animals were grouped into five groups (A–E) of 10 animals each. Group A rats were non-diabetic normal control, Group B consisted of diabetic control rats that received no treatment, groups C, D and E rats were diabetic rats but treated with glibenclamide, 200 and 400 mg/kg doses of MLVA respectively. Blood samples were collected at days 14 and 28 after induction for haematological and serum biochemical indices such as triglycerides, LDL, cholesterols etc. The intestine was collected and intestinal homogenate was prepared for the antioxidant studies. The extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg doses significantly (p < 0.05) reduced blood glucose levels in extract-treated diabetic rats and also significantly increased weight gain in these rats. Most haematological parameters in treated rats experienced, while platelets and neutrophils were decreased. Biochemical indices measured were reduced in MLVA-treated groups compared with diabetic control. Treatment with MLVA also produced significant (p < 0.05) decrease in markers of oxidative stress but increased levels of enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant markers in intestinal homogenates of treated groups compared with diabetic control. This study showed that V. amygdalina has antihyperglycaemic and in vivo antioxidant effects.

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ANTI-ESTROGENIC PROPERTIES OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF BOERHAVIA DIFFUSA ON FEMALE WISTAR RATS.

10.1055/s-0037-1608549 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

C Olajide Omolola ◽

J Okpuzor ◽

I Nnadozie Jane ◽

R Adewole Adeniyi

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Estrogenic Properties ◽

Ethanolic Leaf Extract ◽

Boerhavia Diffusa

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Development of Vernonia amygdalina Leaf Extract Emulsion Formulations in Controlling Gray Mold Disease on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020373 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 373

Author(s):

Siti Fairuz Yusoff ◽

Farah Farhanah Haron ◽

Norhayu Asib ◽

Mahmud Tengku Muda Mohamed ◽

Siti Izera Ismail

Keyword(s):

Antifungal Activity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Fungicidal Activity ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Gray Mold ◽

Positive Control ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Vernonia Amygdalina ◽

Emulsion Formulation

Postharvest fruits including tomatoes are commonly infected by gray mold disease resulting in significant economic losses in the fruit industry. Therefore, this study aimed to develop botanical fungicide derived from Vernonia amygdalina leaf extract to control gray mold on tomato. The emulsion formulation containing surfactant, oil carrier and water was optimized at different non-ionic alkyl polyglucoside surfactants through eleven combinations of oil to surfactant ratio (0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1 and 10:0 w/w). From eight selected formulations, two formulations, F5 and F7 showed stable in storage, remarkable thermodynamic stability, smaller particle size (66.44 and 139.63 nm), highly stable in zeta potential (−32.70 and −31.70 mV), low in polydispersity index (0.41 and 0.40 PdI), low in viscosity (4.20 and 4.37 cP) and low in surface tension (27.62 and 26.41 mN/m) as compared to other formulations. In situ antifungal activity on tomato fruits showed F5 formulation had a fungicidal activity against B. cinerea with zero disease incidence and severity, whereas F7 formulation reduced 62.5% disease incidence compared to a positive control with scale 1. Based on these findings, F5 formulation exhibited pronounced antifungal activity and may contribute to the development of new and safe antifungal product against gray mold on tomato.

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