Potential risk factors of brucellosis in dairy farmers of peri-urban areas of South West Delhi

Bovine brucellosis is endemic in Rwanda; however, little information is available on seroprevalence and risk factors. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted among cattle farmed at the wildlife-livestock-human interface (n = 1691) in five districts and one peri-urban district (n = 216). Cattle were screened using the Rose Bengal test, then the results were confirmed by indirect enzyme-linked immunesorbent assay. Potential risk factors were determined with a questionnaire and analyzed for their association with seropositivity. In all districts, the animal and herd-level seroprevalence was 7.4% (141/1907) and 28.9% (61/212), respectively, 8.3% (141/1691) and 30.9% (61/198) at the interface, and 0.0% (0/216) in peri-urban areas. Among the potential risk factors, old age (≥5 years), cattle farmed close to wildlife, herds of cattle and small ruminants, history of abortions, and replacement animals were significantly associated with brucellosis (p < 0.05). Low awareness of zoonotic brucellosis, assisting calving without biosafety protection, drinking raw milk, and manual milking were each observed in more than 21.7% of cattle keepers whose herds were seropositive. This study confirmed brucellosis endemicity in cattle farmed close to wildlife in Rwanda, suggesting the need to focus control efforts in these areas. Educated farmers with a high awareness of zoonotic brucellosis had low bovine brucellosis seropositivity, which emphasizes the importance of education.

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Epidemiological survey on equine cheek tooth infundibular caries in the United Kingdom

Veterinary Record ◽

10.1136/vr.104319 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 181 (9) ◽

pp. 235-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dewi Borkent ◽

Richard Reardon ◽

Padraic M Dixon

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Epidemiological Survey ◽

Multivariable Model ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

South West ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

The Uk ◽

South West England ◽

Experienced Personnel

Infundibular caries (IC) is an important equine dental disorder that can cause premature wear, fractures and apical infection of affected maxillary cheek teeth. No accurate prevalence values for IC are available for UK horses. The feeding of high levels of concentrates is believed to increase its prevalence, but no objective information is available on such possible environmental risk factors. The aims of the study were to document the prevalence of IC in UK horses, assess its distribution and severity between infundibulae and teeth in affected horses and examine for potential risk factors for its development. Using well-defined criteria for grading and recording IC, 25 experienced personnel across the UK completed a questionnaire on their patients. Frequency of IC occurrence was compared between individual teeth and infundibulae using McNemar’s tests. Potential risk factors for IC presence were examined using univariable logistic regression prior to building a multilevel multivariable model. Of 706 horses examined, 45.5 per cent had IC, which was most commonly present and most severe in the Triadan 09s (>10>08>06>07>11), with 13.4 per cent of all rostral and 10 per cent of all caudal infundibulae affected. The prevalence of IC was significantly associated with increasing age; the lowest IC prevalence was found in South West England.

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Identification And Analysis Of Potential Risk Factors Influencing The Road Safety Level At Designated Pedestrian Crossings

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/1202/1/012032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1202 (1) ◽

pp. 012032

Author(s):

Gábor Pauer ◽

Nóra Krizsik ◽

Szilárd Szigeti ◽

Zsolt Hamza

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Traffic Safety ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Road Safety ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Road Accidents ◽

Safety Level ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Abstract According to the data of the European Road Safety Observatory, around 21% of all road fatalities are suffered by pedestrians in the EU. In 2019 in Hungary, road accidents of pedestrians have had a share of 14,6% in all road accidents with personal injuries, which meant 2535 accidents in which one or more pedestrians were injured. A significant proportion of the accidents occurred at designated pedestrian crossings (43,1% of pedestrian accidents in 2019), and this trend increased over the last 5 years. To account the problem, Institute for Transport Sciences Non-profit Ltd. conducted a research focusing on the identification of potential risk factors which may have a negative impact on the level of traffic safety of designated pedestrian crossings in urban areas. Analysis and ranking of the risk factors have been carried out based on experts’ evaluation and scoring, with the use of statistical methods. The results of the work explore the risks that need to be addressed with special attention during the review of existing, and the establishment of new pedestrian crossings.

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Functional Constipation in Children: Demography and risk factors analysis from a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh

Bangladesh Journal of Child Health ◽

10.3329/bjch.v44i3.52705 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 148-152

Author(s):

Md Wahiduzzaman Mazumder ◽

Shariful Hasan ◽

Kaniz Fathema ◽

Md Rukunuzzaman ◽

ASM Bazlul Karim

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Functional Constipation ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Potential Risk Factors

Background: Constipation is not uncommon in childhood. This study was aimed to evaluate demography and probable/potential risk factors for functional constipation in Bangladeshi children. Materials & Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 179 children from May 2018 to June 2019 in the department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, BSMMU, Dhaka both indoor and outdoor basis. Collected data from children with constipation who fulfilled the Rome III criteria were analyzed by SPSS 20. Results: Among 179 children, 54.75% were boys, and 45.25% girls. It was found more in age group above 5 years (56.42%), then in 2 to 5 years (33.52%) and lower in below 2 years (10.6%). Constipation was more in urban areas (55.3%) than in rural (44.69%). Among potential risk factors, low fiber in diet (72.63%) was most common, other factors were ingestion of cow’s milk (32.96%), not having regular meals with parents (19.55%), consumption of junk foods (28.49%), Staying with grandparents (16.76%), living in hostel or madrasa / residential, religious institute (5.03%), long period of academic activity (7.26%), unhygienic toilet in school (6.14%) were also found to be probable risk factors in this study. Conclusion: Functional constipation was found more in boys & above five-year age groups. Low dietary fiber, consumption of cow’s milk & junk food, unwillingness to use toilets in school were found as potential underlying risk factors of constipation. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (3) :148-152

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Premature Arterial Disease Associated with Familial Antithrombin III Deficiency

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1645677 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 63 (01) ◽

pp. 013-015 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

E J Johnson ◽

C R M Prentice ◽

L A Parapia

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Venous Thromboembolism ◽

Potential Risk ◽

Antithrombin Iii ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Coagulation System ◽

Early Age ◽

Arterial Thromboembolism ◽

Potential Risk Factors ◽

Antithrombin Iii Deficiency

SummaryAntithrombin III (ATIII) deficiency is one of the few known abnormalities of the coagulation system known to predispose to venous thromboembolism but its relation to arterial disease is not established. We describe two related patients with this disorder, both of whom suffered arterial thrombotic events, at an early age. Both patients had other potential risk factors, though these would normally be considered unlikely to lead to such catastrophic events at such an age. Thrombosis due to ATIII deficiency is potentially preventable, and this diagnosis should be sought more frequently in patients with arterial thromboembolism, particularly if occurring at a young age. In addition, in patients with known ATIII deficiency, other risk factors for arterial disease should be eliminated, if possible. In particular, these patients should be counselled against smoking.

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