Blood lead levels among the occupationally exposed workers and its effect on calcium and vitamin D metabolism: A case-control study

Background: Several epidemiological studies have investigated high lead (Pb) exposure and pregnancy outcomes,but few studies have investigated the association of low lead exposure and low birth weight (LBW). The aims of this study were to estimate the maternal blood lead levels (BLL), to identify determinants for BLL among parturient woman and to evaluate the association of maternal BLL andLBW. Methods: From July 2017 to February 2018, we carried out a case control study in the genecology and obstetrics hospital of Sidi Bel Abbes, Algeria. Lead concentrations in maternal blood samples collected at delivery were measured in 29mother who delivered term LBW cases group and 29mother who give birth to a term normal weight baby matched controls.Blood lead levels were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results: Mean maternal BLLwere higher among normal groups than in mothers of LBW, but this difference was not significant (23,076 ±16,120, versus 18,086 ± 6,641 ug/l p=0.247).Our results indicate that the mean lead level was nothigher in LBW neonates, and the whole blood lead was not related to the birth weight. In addition,there was interaction of daily kohl use and maternal BLL. Conclusion:This study suggeststhat maternal BLL was not significantly associated with LBW. Mothers with daily use of kohl during pregnancy were more likely to have elevate blood lead concentrations. Keywords: case-control study, low birth weight, Algeria, lead, kohl.

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Environmental Lead Exposure and Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus Diagnoses in Young Children: A Test-Negative Case-Control Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17207625 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (20) ◽

pp. 7625

Author(s):

Marina Oktapodas Feiler ◽

Mary T. Caserta ◽

Edwin van Wijngaarden ◽

Kelly Thevenet-Morrison ◽

Dwight J. Hardy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Medical Records ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Case Control ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Negative Case ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Control Study

Experimental and epidemiological evidence suggests that environmental toxicants may influence susceptibility to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The objective of the present study was to estimate the association between blood lead concentrations and the odds of child influenza or RSV infection. A test-negative, case-control study was conducted among 617 children, <4 years of age, tested for influenza/RSV from 2012–2017 in Rochester, NY. There were 49 influenza cases (568 controls) and 123 RSV cases (494 controls). Blood lead concentrations reported in children’s medical records were linked with influenza/RSV lab test results. Covariables were collected from medical records, birth certificates, and U.S. census data. In this sample, evidence of an association between blood lead levels and RSV or influenza diagnosis was not observed. Children with a lead level ≥1 μg/dL vs. <1 μg/dL had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence limit of 0.95 (0.60, 1.49) for RSV and 1.34 (0.65, 2.75) for influenza. In sex-specific analyses, boys with lead concentrations ≥1 μg/dL vs. <1 μg/dL had an aOR = 1.89 (1.25, 2.86) for influenza diagnosis, while the estimates were inconsistent for girls. These results are suggestive of sex-specific associations between blood lead levels and the risk of influenza, although the sample size was small.

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A Case-Control Study to Determine Risk Factors for Elevated Blood Lead Levels in Children, Idaho

Toxicology and Industrial Health ◽

10.1177/074823379701300106 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 67-72 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mildred Maisonet ◽

Frank J. Bove ◽

Wendy E. Kaye

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Lead Level ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Case Control ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Elevated Blood Lead Levels ◽

Control Study

Objective: A pair-matched, case-control study was conducted to identify if risk factors or behaviors suspected to affect childhood blood lead levels, were more prevalent among children with elevated blood lead levels living in the vicinity of a defunct mining and smelting facility. Methods: Study individuals were recruited from the 1992 Silver Valley blood lead screening participants. The cases were children with a blood lead level >10 micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL). The controls were children with a blood lead level <10 μg/dL, who were matched to cases by age and sex. Data on risk factors were obtained through personal interviews. Results: Of the variables examined, yard soil remediation showed the strongest association with changes in blood lead levels. This variable was found to be a protective factor for elevated blood lead levels in children (odds ratio, 0.28; confidence interval, 0.08–0.92). Conclusion: The results suggest that removal of lead contaminated soil from residential yards was effective in reducing blood lead levels in children.

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Blood Lead Levels in Occupationally Exposed Workers Involved in Battery Factories of Delhi-NCR Region: Effect on Vitamin D and Calcium Metabolism

Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry ◽

10.1007/s12291-018-0797-z ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 80-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Himani ◽

Raman Kumar ◽

Jamal Akhtar Ansari ◽

Abbas Ali Mahdi ◽

Dilutpal Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Calcium Metabolism ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Exposed Workers ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Region Effect

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Predictors of elevated blood lead levels among 3-year-old Ukrainian children: A nested case-control study

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2004.12.006 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 235-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

L.S. Friedman ◽

O.M. Lukyanova ◽

Y.I. Kundiev ◽

Z.A. Shkiryak-Nizhnyk ◽

N.V. Chislovska ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Blood Lead ◽

Case Control ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Elevated Blood ◽

Lead Levels ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Elevated Blood Lead Levels ◽

Control Study

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Influence of VDR and HFE polymorphisms on blood lead levels of occupationally exposed workers

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327120975451 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 096032712097545

Author(s):

Monica Shirley Mani ◽

Amitha Puranik ◽

Shama Prasada Kabekkodu ◽

Manjunath B Joshi ◽

Herman Sunil Dsouza

Keyword(s):

Blood Lead ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Positive Influence ◽

Health Concern ◽

Blood Lead Levels ◽

Lead Metabolism ◽

Alad Activity ◽

Exposed Workers ◽

Occupationally Exposed ◽

Lead Levels

Lead is a ubiquitous heavy metal toxin of significant public health concern. Every individual varies in their response to lead’s toxic effects due to underlying genetic variations in lead metabolizing enzymes or proteins distributed in the population. Earlier studies, including our lab, have attributed the influence of ALAD (δ-Aminolevulinate dehydratase) polymorphism on blood lead retention and ALAD activity. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of VDR (Vitamin D receptor) and HFE (Hemochromatosis) polymorphisms in modulating blood lead levels (BLLs) of occupationally exposed workers. 164 lead-exposed subjects involved in lead alloy manufacturing and battery breaking and recycling processes and 160 unexposed controls with BLLs below 10 µg/dL recruited in the study. Blood lead levels, along with a battery of biochemical assays and genotyping, were performed. Regression analysis revealed a negative influence of BLLs on ALAD activity ( p < 0.0001) and a positive influence on smokeless tobacco use ( p < 0.001) in lead-exposed subjects. A predicted haplotype of the three VDR polymorphisms computed from genotyping data revealed that T-A-A haplotype increased the BLLs by 0.93 units ( p ≤ 0.05) and C-C-A haplotype decreased the BLLs by 7.25 units ( p ≤ 0.05). Further analysis revealed that the wild-type CC genotype of HFE H63D presented a higher median BLL, indicating that variant C allele may have a role in increasing the concentration of lead. Hence, the polymorphism of genes associated with lead metabolism might aid in predicting genetic predisposition to lead and its associated effects.

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