Antibiotic prescribing patterns and knowledge of antibiotic resistance amongst the doctors working at public health facilities of a state in northern India: A cross sectional study

Introduction: Inappropriate use of antibiotics is recognised as a leading cause of antibiotic resistance. Little is known about antibiotic prescribing practices at public health facilities in low- and middle-income countries. We examined patterns of antibiotic prescribing in public health facilities in Nepal and explored factors influencing these practices. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of antibiotic prescribing in public health facilities was conducted in the Rupandehi district of Nepal. Six public health facilities were selected based on WHO guidelines, and data were extracted from administrative records for 6,860 patient encounters. Patterns of antibiotic prescribing were investigated using descriptive statistics. Chi-squared tests and logistic regressions were applied to explore factors associated with antibiotic prescribing. Results: Of patients attending public health facilities, the proportion prescribed at least one antibiotic (44.7%) was approximately twice the WHO recommended value (20.0 to 26.8%). The antibiotic prescribing rate for hospital inpatients (64.6%) was higher than for other facilities, with the prescribing rate also high in primary health care centres (50.4%) and health posts (52.2%). The most frequently (29.9%) prescribed antibiotic classes were third-generation cephalosporins. Females (p = 0.005) and younger (p < 0.001) patients were more likely to be prescribed antibiotics. High prescribing rates of antibiotics for selected diseases appeared contrary to international recommendations. Conclusion: Antibiotic prescribing in public health facilities was high compared with WHO guidelines, suggesting the need for strategies to reduce misuse of antibiotics. This study provides useful information to assist in formulating policies and guidelines to promote more appropriate use of antibiotics in Nepal.

Download Full-text

Meconium-stained liquor and low birth weight increases the odds of low fifth-minute apgar scores in public health facilities of arba minch town, southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

Journal of Pediatrics & Neonatal Care ◽

10.15406/jpnc.2020.10.00417 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 86-90

Author(s):

Abera Mersha ◽

Shitaye Shibiru ◽

Agegnehu Bante

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Apgar Scores ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Public Health Facilities

Background: Low Apgar scores in the childbirth period increased risk globally and significantly contributes to both newborn morbidity and mortality. Hence, it is very essential to update information on the status of low fifth-minute Apgar scores and factors affecting. Some studies were conducted, but most are retrospective and record reviews. Besides, there is limited study in country-Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the recent status of low fifth-minute Apgar scores and factors affecting in the study setting. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 286 newborns in public health facilities of Arba Minch town, southern Ethiopia from February 6 to March 9, 2019. Study participants were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaires and checklist were used to collect the data. Data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and exported to Stata version 15 for analysis. A crude and adjusted odds ratio was computed in the binary logistic regression model. In this study, P-value, < 0.05 was considered to declare factors as a statistically significant association. Results: In this study, 17.8% (95%CI: 13.8%, 22.7%) of neonates had low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Condition of labor (induced/augmented) (AOR=3.33, 95%CI: 1.24, 8.90), meconium-stained liquor (AOR=3.37, 95%CI: 1.17, 9.74), and birth weight (AOR=3.48, 95%CI: 1.23, 9.86) were significantly associated with neonate’s low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Conclusions: This study indicated that a significant number of newborns resulted in low fifth-minute Apgar scores. Strengthen the provision of health information during antenatal care; avoid delay in screening high-risk mothers during pregnancy and delivery, and give immediate interventions should be recommended.

Download Full-text

Knowledge and practice of immediate new-born care among midwives in central zone public health facilities, Tigray, Ethiopia: cross sectional study

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-019-4532-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tesfay Tsegay Gebru ◽

Rajalakshmi Murugan ◽

Alem Gebremariam Abrha ◽

Mekonnen Haftom Goyteom

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Central Zone ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Facilities ◽

New Born ◽

Knowledge And Practice

Download Full-text

Satisfaction with emergency obstetric and new born care services among clients using public health facilities in Jimma Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia; a cross sectional study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/s12884-016-0877-0 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Alemayehu Kumsa ◽

Gurmessa Tura ◽

Aderajew Nigusse ◽

Getahun Kebede

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Facilities ◽

New Born ◽

Care Services ◽

Regional State ◽

Jimma Zone

Download Full-text

Factors that affect vaccines availability in public health facilities in Nairobi city county: a cross-sectional study

Pan African Medical Journal ◽

10.11604/pamj.2021.38.72.21580 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 38 ◽

Author(s):

Lucy Wanjiku Kanja ◽

Peter Ndirangu Karimi ◽

Shital Mahindra Maru ◽

Pierre Claver Kayumba ◽

Regis Hitimana

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Facilities

Download Full-text

Level of Quality of Option B+PMTCT Service Provision in Public Health Facilities in Mekelle Zone, Northern Ethiopia: Cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.16861/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Kiros Fenta Ajemu ◽

Alem Desta

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Maternal Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Facilities ◽

Northern Ethiopia ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Public Health Facilities ◽

Output Quality

Abstract Background Substantial improvements have been observed in coverage and access to maternal health services in Ethiopia. However, quality of care has been lagging behind. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess quality of OptionB + in Mekelle Zone, Northern Ethiopia.Methods Facility based cross-sectional study involving both quantitative and qualitative methods was conducted from December 2016- January 2017. The quality of service delivery was assessed in 11 public health facilities in Mekelle. Data collection was conducted using facility audit, observation, and client exit interview check list to assess (Input-Process–Output) quality components. Similarly in-depth interview guide was used to gather qualitative data. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. Descriptive statistics were computed to summarize the study findings and triangulation was made with qualitative findings.Results Overall, 2 (16.7%) of study health facilities full filled all the three quality components but none in 3(25%). The input quality component was better than the others in which 4(33.3%) facilities were rated as good. The process and output quality components were judged as good in 3(25%) study health facilities.Conclusion Only 16.7% of facilities studied were achieved good quality with respect to the three predetermined quality components. Since, assessed items in each quality component were potentially easy to intervene; strengthening program monitoring needed by program managers at each level of the health facilities.

Download Full-text