How Congress Has Shaped Economic Policy in the Postwar Period

2014 ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Catherine E. Rudder
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Postwar Period

The Fiscal Revolution in America: A Reinterpretation

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hillyer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
The One

Abstract:Between the 1930s and early 1960s, U.S. economic policy underwent an important transformation, described by economist Herbert Stein as “The Fiscal Revolution in America.” During those years, policymakers utilized Keynesian ideas to promote prosperity, and the fiscal revolution reached its peak after John F. Kennedy proposed a growth-boosting tax cut despite the unprecedented peacetime consequence of running a deficit in nonrecession conditions. This article explores how that revolution developed during the postwar period. It challenges the argument that the business community shaped and consolidated the fiscal revolution in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Instead, this article shows that liberal economists played a crucial role in fashioning Keynesianism’s postwar consolidation, so much so that the brand of that doctrine implemented in the early 1960s owed much to their efforts and was significantly different to the one championed by the business community.

The Social Democratic Party of Germany

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Marcuse
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Democratic Party ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Social Democratic Party ◽  
German Empire ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Labor Party ◽  
Political Policy ◽  
The Social

This chapter focuses on the Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands or SPD) of Germany. The report states that among the German political parties that may be revived after the destruction of the Nazi regime, the SPD is likely to play an important role. Dating from the earliest years of the German empire, the SPD has maintained a tradition as the strongest, and prior to 1917 the only, labor party in Germany. Nazi Germany has not succeeded in destroying the allegiance of much of the old social democratic membership. The chapter first provides a background on the origin, composition, and strength of the SPD before discussing its policies, including political policy, economic policy, and foreign policy. It then considers the exiled leadership of the SPD, along with developments in the party since the occupation of Germany. It also assesses the SPD's prospects in the postwar period.

Trade as a strategic weapon: American and alliance export control policy in the early postwar period

1988 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Mastanduno
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Control Policy ◽  
International Economic Order ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Postwar Period ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Policy Objective ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Face

The study of postwar American foreign economic policy recently has been informed by a dual conventional wisdom: that the American state is relatively weak domestically, yet powerful internationally. Domestic weakness refers to the ability of private actors to penetrate and influence the state; to the institutional fragmentation and decentralization of the state apparatus; and to the difficulties state officials encounter in extracting resources from domestic society and in achieving their policy preferences in the face of domestic opposition. International strength, on the other hand, refers to the high degree of resources controlled by the United States relative to other nation-states, and to the ability of state officials to translate those resources into influence over international outcomes. In the early postwar period, America's external strength more than compensated for its internal weakness, and enabled state officials to pursue effectively their primary foreign economic policy objective: the creation of a liberal international economic order, characterized by the free movement of goods and capital across borders and by stable exchange rates.

Market Reforms in Russia: Can the Vicious Circle Be Teared Open?

2004 ◽  
pp. 114-128
Author(s):  
V. Nimushin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Market Reforms ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
The Way

In the framework of broad philosophic and historical context the author conducts comparative analysis of the conditions for assimilating liberal values in leading countries of the modern world and in Russia. He defends the idea of inevitable forward movement of Russia on the way of rationalization and cultivation of all aspects of life, but, to his opinion, it will occur not so fast as the "first wave" reformers thought and in other ideological and sociocultural forms than in Europe and America. The author sees the main task of the reformist forces in Russia in consolidation of the society and inplementation of socially responsible economic policy.

Actual Problems of Economic Policy

2003 ◽  
pp. 23-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Policy ◽  
Effective Integration

At present Russia faces the task of great importance - effective integration into the world economy. The success of this process largely depends on the strength of the domestic economy and stable economic growth. To attain such a goal certain changes in economic approaches are required which imply more active, focused and concerted steps in the monetary, fiscal and foreign exchange policy.

Towards New Policy Incentives for Fixed Capital Investment and Technological Upgrades in Russia

2011 ◽  
pp. 43-56
Author(s):  
A. Apokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Fixed Capital Investment ◽  
Policy Incentives

The paper approaches the problem of private fixed capital underinvestment in Russia. The author uses empirical studies of the Russian economy and cases of successful technological modernization to outline several groups of disincentives for private companies to perform fixed capital investment in Russia. To counter these constraints, a certain incentive-based economic policy framework is developed.

Between Modernization and Stagnation: Economic Policy in 2012

2013 ◽  
pp. 4-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Oil Boom ◽  
The World

The paper deals with the trends in the world and Russian economies towards development of a new post-crisis system, including technological and structural transformation. Three main scenarios of Russian economic development (conservative, innovation and acceleration) are discussed basing on historical analysis of Russian economic performance since 1970-s when oil boom started. On this basis key challenges of economic policy in 2013 are discussed.

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