A History of Community Development in America

2017 ◽  
pp. 32-56
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Discourses of Institutionalization of Zakat Management System in Contemporary Indonesia: Effect of the Revitalization of Islamic Economics

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Management System ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Top Down ◽  
History Of

In Indonesia, zakat management was trying restructured in a top-down form based on the system followed in Malaysia and, in 1999, a related law was enacted. Although many previous studies have been conducted on zakat for its fundamental spiritual aspects and social roles, macroscopic research on its history of both theory and practice aspects is lacking. The transformation in the administrative reform of zakat, which focuses on not only the discourse of Islamic intellectuals but also the tone of the emerging Islamic economy and attitude of the management organization's practitioners and players, is important to understand the growth of Islam in Indonesia. This paper discusses how the zakat practice, which was an individual practice, expanded to include new objectives such as community development or financial inclusion without losing its original spiritual significance. Further, the paper clarifies how an institutionalized approach to zakat management helps in the development of new theoretical intervention areas and contributes to community development and empowerment, without compromising the original poverty alleviation programs. Keywords: Zakat management, Indonesia, Islamic economics

scholarly journals SURAU DAN PESANTREN SEBAGAI LEMBAGA PENGEMBANG MASYARAKAT ISLAM DI INDONESIA (KAJIAN PERSPEKTIF HISTORIS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Furqan
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Religious Literature ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Development Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
Education Process

As an old legacy, the function of the mosque in Minangkabau has gradually developed. At first surau functioned as a place for traditional ceremonies, then developed into a place of worship and gathering of young people to learn various knowledge and skills. In addition, adult men who are not married or who have been widowers make surau as a place to rest at night. This means that the mosque at that time had a dual role, in addition to being an educational institution as well as a social institution. During a time of change, the education system does not only provide a study of the Qur'an and the study of books and orders. But it has been added to the teaching of a number of religious literature such as the book of jurisprudence, nahwu, sharaf and Sufism. Judging from the history of the emergence of pesantren and madrasa in Indonesia, pesantren first appeared compared to madrasa. This means that the education process in pesantren can be said to be the parent of the current developing education process. From the beginning, the more dominant pesantren curriculum was related to religious lessons sourced from Arabic yellow books. Whereas general lessons are hardly studied at all. But along with the demands of the times, there are already some pesantren that incorporate general lessons into their curriculum, so that modern pesantren are born which seek to integrate religious and general knowledge into their curriculum. In addition, the pesantren curriculum also seeks to equip its students with various life skills as capital to enter the community after they have completed their education at the pesantren. The role and existence of the surau and Islamic boarding school as one of the original Indonesian community development institutions must indeed be preserved and monitored for its development, because the presence of the surau and Islamic boarding school in the midst of the community is in addition to empowering the community as well as a forum to prepare capable Ulama cadres mastering and understanding the Qur'an and al-Hadith properly and correctly and in accordance with the needs of the community.Keywords: Surau, Islamic Boarding School, Islamic Community Development.

Thailand’s “77th Province”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Padoongpatt
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Global City ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Slave Labor ◽  
Culinary Tourism ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Center

Chapter 5 explores "Thai Town" in East Hollywood (established in 1999) to highlight the role of culinary tourism in Thai American struggles for a right to the global city. It charts the history of Thai Town's development as a product of Thai community leaders, specifically the Thai Community Development Center, and Los Angeles city officials’ attempt to parlay Thai cuisine's popularity into political visibility, civic engagement, social justice activism, and urban redevelopment. While playing on cuisine-driven multiculturalism allowed Thais to use food, specifically culinary tourism, to root identity and community in a physical place, the chapter argues that heritage commodification in Thai Town also constricted a right to the global city, because it was geared toward a neoliberal vision of multiculturalism that sought to highlight the position of Los Angeles in the global capitalist economy. The chapter also includes a discussion of the 1995 El Monte slave-labor case.

Community unionism: looking backwards, looking forwards

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Mayo ◽  
Pilgrim Tucker ◽  
Mat Danaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Shared Values ◽  
Mutual Trust ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Workers ◽  
Community Unionism ◽  
Contemporary Context

The importance of building alliances based upon shared community and trade union interests is a theme with resonances from the history of community development, both in Britain and beyond. This chapter starts by summarising the lessons from previous approaches to building such alliances. The issues arising have even more relevance for community development workers in the contemporary context, the chapter argues, drawing on the findings from the authors’ work by way of illustration. The chapter then moves on to explore the experiences of the two largest trade unions in Britain: UNITE and UNISON. Both have their successes to share. Both have also faced challenges, however, illustrating some of the tensions inherent in building alliances between organisations and movements with differing histories and cultures. The chapter concludes by summarising the implications for building solidarity and developing alliances based upon mutual trust and understanding, rooted in shared values for social justice.

ASPECTS OF CHEMICAL ADDITIVES IN FOODS1

1957 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
K. G. Weckel
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Military Logistics ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Military Campaigns ◽  
Effective Use

The history of man is closely associated with his food supplies; survival, migrations, community development, formation of government, military campaigns, religious worship, functions of politics. The ability of man to produce food in quantity for increasing populations is dependent upon effective use of fertilizers, insect, rodent, fungicide, miticide, weed, and simular controls, and mechanization. Insect control is an intense problem. The American farm enterprise is rapidly changing characteristics, in population, manpower output, available acreage, and acreage output. Food distribution practices also have changed markedly in the past decade. Military logistics have strong impacts on food production and utilization practices. The necessity for new forms of foods for shifting populations has resulted in re-evaluation of regulations governing the use of chemicals in foods, their functions, and effects.

Arts Education: Resources and Options for the UAE and Ras Al Khaimah

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Derderian
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Arts Education ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Policy Paper ◽  
History Of

This policy paper discusses the benefits of arts education. The goals of the research were to 1) identify educational and community benefits to art and arts education; 2) conduct a nationwide survey of existing arts and cultural initiatives to understand the broader contexts of arts programming in the United Arab Emirates (UAE); and 3) identify ways organizations and policy makers could meaningfully engage and support burgeoning arts initiatives in Ras Al Khaimah. This research cites studies that detail how arts education programs enhance educational outcomes and contribute to community development, particularly civic engagement and scholarly achievement. Based on ethnographic and archival research, it then surveys a history of arts initiatives in the UAE, and identifies resources for potential growth of arts education initiatives in Ras Al Khaimah.

The Changing Roles of Thailand's Lay Nuns (Mae Chii)

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
Full Membership ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
Changing Roles ◽  
History Of

AbstractWhile the community development activities of Thai monks have received a good deal of attention, little consideration has been given to women, who are traditionally excluded from full membership of the sangha. These are, however, women lay practitioners of Buddhism known as mae chii, who are increasingly undertaking social roles which are similar and, in some cases, complementary to those of the monks. Such roles on the part of both monks and mae chii need to be set within the context of Tambiah's work on the worldly aspects of Thai Buddhism and his emphasis on the need to explore the continuities and the transformations between the anthropology and the history of religion.

Historical Evolution of Adult Education in America

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Terry Liddell
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
Community Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Adult Education

This chapter focuses on the history of adult education in the United States, but the implication is that the formation of the field is dependent upon the social, economic, and political needs, resources, and priorities of a given time and place. This is true anywhere in the world as was demonstrated in modern history such as the role of adult education in the post- World War II reconstruction in Europe and Japan, or more recently, in Southern Africa with the dramatic changes after the fall of apartheid (officially in South Africa and symbolically in other countries). For example, in the past ten years, universities in Southern African countries have consolidated Departments of Adult Education with Departments of Community Development in recognition of the symbiotic and reciprocal relationship between the two fields of study during this time of reconstruction of inclusive participatory democracy. The role of various institutions and the influence on the direction and resources for adult education are explored. The role of change and acculturation is also visited.

scholarly journals The Cabals of a Few or the Confusion of a Multitude: The Institutional Trade-off Between Representation and Governance

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah Brooks ◽  
Justin Phillips ◽  
Maxim Sinitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Community Development ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Block Grant ◽  
Community Development Block Grant ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
City Councils ◽  
Grant Program ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Block ◽  
Institutional Trade

Our model illustrates how political institutions trade off between the competing goals of representation and governance, where governance is the responsiveness of an institution to a single pivotal voter. We use exogenous variation from the 30-year history of the federal Community Development Block Grant program to identify this trade-off. Cities with more representative governments—those with larger city councils—use more grant funds to supplement city revenues rather than implementing tax cuts, thereby moving policy further away from the governance ideal. In sum, more representative government is not without cost. (JEL D72, H71, R50)

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