Effects of early versus late spring calving on beef cow-calf productivity

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Pang ◽  
M. Makarechian ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
R. T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Higher Weights ◽  
Time Of Breeding ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
The University ◽  
Late Group ◽  
Body Condition Scores

Early (April) vs. late (May/June) calving was compared over 3 yr at the University of Alberta Ranch at Kinsella, Alberta, Canada. Three synthetic lines, two of which were predominantly beef breeds (BS1 and BS2) and one with approximately 60% dairy breeding (DS) were used and 995 records were analyzed. Cows from each line were randomly allotted to the early or late breeding schedules at the time of breeding. The same bulls bred cows in their own line, beginning in June and in August for two 6-wk periods. Calving season had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on pregnancy rate (%), calving assistance, calving and weaning rate (%), adjusted off-test weight or post-weaning ADG, suggesting that late calving can be a viable management option. Birth weights of all calves were significantly lower in the early group than in the late group (38.9 vs. 41.2 kg, P < 0.01). In the BS1 and BS2 lines, early calves had higher adjusted pre-weaning ADG: BS1 (1.18 vs. 1.11 kg d−1, P < 0.01), BS2 (1.12 vs. 1.05 kg d−1, P < 0.01) but the differences in the DS line were not significant (P > 0.05). The early calves were older at weaning and therefore were expected to have higher pre-weaning ADG. The fact that the late-born calves in the DS line equalled the early calves in pre-weaning ADG indicates that they were growing relatively faster. Late calving DS heifers had significantly higher weights (P < 0.01) at breeding in June, higher ADG to breeding, and cows had higher body condition scores at calving and weaning (P < 0.01), suggesting that DS cattle benefited more by late calving. The late-calving management system appears to be a viable option for cow-calf production in Alberta. Key words: Calving season, reproductive traits, weight and growth, beef cattle

scholarly journals 80 Evaluation of extended release eprinomectin efficacy on multiparous beef cow performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Laine Zammit ◽  
Jermey G Powell ◽  
Reagan N Cauble ◽  
Toby D Lester ◽  
Callan Lichtenwalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Fall Calving

Abstract Internal parasitism inevitability prompts economic loss in beef cattle production by decreasing growth performance and reproductive traits. Previous studies have conflicting results on the macrocyclic lactones (ML) efficacy against internal parasitism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of milbeymycin and avermectin sub groups of ML on cow performance. Multiparous fall calving, crossbred beef cows (n = 106) were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 anthelmintic treatments: 1) Negative control (CON), in which cows did not receive an anthelmintic, 2) Injectable moxidectin (MOX) and 3) Injectable extended release eprinomectin (ERE). Body weights (BW), body condition scores (BCS), and fecal egg counts (FEC) were taken throughout the duration of the calving season to weaning on d0, d80, d162, and d217, with weaning occurring on d217. Performance data were analyzed using the MIXED procedures of SAS, and pregnancy data were analyzed using the GENMOD procedures of SAS. Significance was fixed at P &lt; 0.05 and tendencies were established from 0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10. There was no effect of anthelmintic treatment on cow BW (P ≥ 0.57) or cow BCS (P ≥ 0.22) during the 217 d study; however, CON cows tended to have lower BCS (P = 0.08) throughout the duration of the study. Cows treated with ERE had fewer FEC compared to MOX and CON groups (P ≤ 0.001) and tended to improve pregnancy rates (c2 = 0.0546). Calf weaning weight was similar among treatments averaging 216, 225, and 223 kg regarding CON, MOX, and ERE cow treatments, respectively.

scholarly journals 0261 Factors affecting timing and intensity of calving season of beef cow-calf producers in the Midwest

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 124-124
Author(s):  
C. E. Andresen ◽  
P. J. Gunn ◽  
L. L. Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Calving Season

Influence of Calving Season and Stocking Rate on Beef Cow-Calf Productivity

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Bagley ◽  
J. C. Carpenter ◽  
J. I. Feazel ◽  
F. G. Hembry ◽  
D. C. Huffman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Calving Season

scholarly journals Developing an Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Cows in Extensive Beef Cow-Calf Systems in New Zealand. Part 2: Categorisation and Scoring of Welfare Assessment Measures

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Baby Kaurivi ◽  
Rebecca Hickson ◽  
Richard Laven ◽  
Tim Parkinson ◽  
Kevin Stafford
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Welfare Assessment ◽  
Assessment Protocol ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Welfare Implications ◽  
Welfare Measures ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
The University

The intention of this study was to develop standards for a welfare assessment protocol by validating potential categorisation thresholds for the assessment of beef farms in New Zealand. Thirty-two measures, based on the Welfare Quality and the University of California (UC) Davis Cow-Calf protocols, plus some indicators specific to New Zealand, that were assessed during routine yardings of 3366 cattle on 25 cow-calf beef farms in the Waikato region were categorised on a three-point welfare score, where 0 denotes good welfare, 1 marginal welfare, and 2 poor/unacceptable welfare. Initial categorisation of welfare thresholds was based upon the authors’ perception of acceptable welfare standards and the consensus of the literature, with subsequent derived thresholds being based upon the poorest 15% and best 50% of farms for each measure. Imposed thresholds for lameness, dystocia, and mortality rate were retained in view of the significance of these conditions for the welfare of affected cattle, while higher derived thresholds appeared more appropriate for dirtiness and faecal staining which were thought to have less significant welfare implications for cattle on pasture. Fearful/agitated and running behaviours were above expectations, probably due to the infrequent yarding of cows, and thus the derived thresholds were thought to be more appropriate. These thresholds provide indicators to farmers and farm advisors regarding the levels at which intervention and remediation is required for a range of welfare measures.

scholarly journals 79 Evaluation of extended release eprinomectin efficacy on multiparous beef cow performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Laine Zammit ◽  
Jermey G Powell ◽  
Reagan N Cauble ◽  
Toby D Lester ◽  
Callan Lichtenwalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extended Release ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Calving Season ◽  
Cow Performance ◽  
Fall Calving

Abstract Internal parasitism inevitability prompts economic loss in beef cattle production by decreasing growth performance and reproductive traits. Previous studies have conflicting results on the macrocyclic lactones (ML) efficacy against internal parasitism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of milbeymycin and avermectin sub groups of ML on cow performance. Multiparous fall calving, crossbred beef cows (n = 106) were allocated randomly to 1 of 3 anthelmintic treatments: 1) Negative control (CON), in which cows did not receive an anthelmintic, 2) Injectable moxidectin (MOX) and 3) Injectable extended release eprinomectin (ERE). Body weights (BW), body condition scores (BCS), and fecal egg counts (FEC) were taken throughout the duration of the calving season to weaning on d0, d80, d162, and d217, with weaning occurring on d217. Performance data were analyzed using the MIXED procedures of SAS, and pregnancy data were analyzed using the GENMOD procedures of SAS. Significance was fixed at P &lt; 0.05 and tendencies were established from 0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10. There was no effect of anthelmintic treatment on cow BW (P ≥ 0.57) or cow BCS (P ≥ 0.22) during the 217 d study; however, CON cows tended to have lower BCS (P = 0.08) throughout the duration of the study. Cows treated with ERE had fewer FEC compared to MOX and CON groups (P ≤ 0.001), and tended to improve pregnancy rates (c2 = 0.0546). Calf weaning weight was similar among treatments averaging 216, 225, and 223 kg regarding CON, MOX, and ERE cow treatments, respectively.

Centres for Health Evidence Demonstration Project

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy Stewart ◽  
Denise Koufogiannakis ◽  
Robert S.A. Hayward ◽  
Ellen Crumley ◽  
Michael E. Moffatt
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Demonstration Project ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Information Usage ◽  
University Of Manitoba ◽  
The University ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
Support Evidence

This paper will report on the establishment of the Centres for Health Evidence (CHE) Demonstration Project in both Edmonton at the University of Alberta and in Winnipeg at the University of Manitoba. The CHE Project brings together a variety of partners to support evidence-based practice using Internet-based desktops on hospital wards. There is a discussion of the CHE's cultural and political experiences. An overview of the research opportunities emanating from the CHE Project is presented as well as some early observations about information usage.

scholarly journals Is the Letter ‘t’ in the Word ‘gourmet’? Disruption in Task-Evoked Connectivity Networks in Adults with Impaired Literacy Skills

NeuroSci ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-94
Author(s):  
Kulpreet Cheema ◽  
William E. Hodgetts ◽  
Jacqueline Cummine
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Resting State Networks ◽  
Skilled Readers ◽  
University Of Alberta ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Probe Task ◽  
The University ◽  
General Networks

Much work has been done to characterize domain-specific brain networks associated with reading, but very little work has been done with respect to spelling. Our aim was to characterize domain-specific spelling networks (SpNs) and domain-general resting state networks (RSNs) in adults with and without literacy impairments. Skilled and impaired adults were recruited from the University of Alberta. Participants completed three conditions of an in-scanner spelling task called a letter probe task (LPT). We found highly connected SpNs for both groups of individuals, albeit comparatively more connections for skilled (50) vs. impaired (43) readers. Notably, the SpNs did not correlate with spelling behaviour for either group. We also found relationships between SpNs and RSNs for both groups of individuals, this time with comparatively fewer connections for skilled (36) vs. impaired (53) readers. Finally, the RSNs did predict spelling performance in a limited manner for the skilled readers. These results advance our understanding of brain networks associated with spelling and add to the growing body of literature that describes the important and intricate connections between domain-specific networks and domain-general networks (i.e., resting states) in individuals with and without developmental disorders.

scholarly journals Revisiting Cattle Temperament in Beef Cow-Calf Systems: Insights from Farmers’ Perceptions about an Autochthonous Breed

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Laura X. Estévez-Moreno ◽  
Genaro C. Miranda-de la Lama ◽  
Morris Villarroel ◽  
Laura García ◽  
José Alfonso Abecia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Human Safety ◽  
Speed Of Response ◽  
Cow Calf ◽  
Sensory Acuity

Understanding temperament is an important part of cattle production since undesirable temperament may cause serious problems associated with aggression, maternal care, and human safety. However, little is known about how farmers define or assess temperament, especially in autochthonous cattle breeds. The aim of this study was to explore perceptions of farmers about the temperament of the Pyrenean cattle breed with special attention to beef cow-calf systems in Spain. The methodology used to obtain the information was focus group discussions (FGD). Farmers defined temperament as a behavioural response to challenging situations imposed by human handling. Specific terms used were related to active or passive reactions to fear (e.g., “strong”, “aggressive”, “nervous”, “fearful”). The speed of response to stimuli was also important. Female temperament was thought to become more docile with age while bull temperament was more variable. Maternal aggressiveness was highlighted as a potential human safety problem, but also desirable in an extensively bred animal who may need to defend calves against predators. Anatomical characteristics were seen as unreliable predictors of temperament, while behavioural indicators were more widely used, such as “alertness”, which was a general trait of the breed, and “gaze”, which, when associated with an alert expression, suggests a potential threat. Sensory acuity, such as sight and smell, were thought to be related with temperament in some FGDs but there was no overall agreement as to whether different behavioural responses were due to differences in sensory acuity. The results from the study could be useful during training programs or in the development of new genetic selection schemes and evaluation protocols involving cattle temperament.

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