assessment measures
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Winters ◽  
Javier Jasso ◽  
James E Pustejovsky ◽  
Courtney Byrd

Purpose: Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) typically examine narrative performance when completing a comprehensive language assessment. However, there is significant variability in the methodologies used to evaluate narration. The primary aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to a) investigate how narrative assessment type (e.g., macrostructure, microstructure, internal state language) differentiates typically developing (TD) children from children with developmental language disorder (DLD), or, TD–DLD group differences, b) identify specific narrative assessment measures (e.g., number of different words) that result in greater TD–DLD differences, and, c) evaluate participant and sample characteristics (e.g., DLD inclusionary criteria) that may uniquely influence performance differences. Method: Three electronic databases (PsychInfo, ERIC, and PubMed) and ASHAWire were searched on July 30, 2019 to locate studies that reported oral narrative language measures for both DLD and TD groups between ages 4 and 12 years; studies focusing on written narration or other developmental disorders only were excluded. Thirty-seven primary studies were identified via a three-step study selection procedure. We extracted data related to the sample participants, the narrative task(s) and assessment measures, and research design. Standardized mean differences using a bias-corrected Hedges’ g were the calculated effect sizes (N = 382). Research questions were analyzed using mixed-effects meta-regression with robust variance estimation to account for effect size dependencies. Results: Searches identified eligible studies published between 1987 and 2019. An overall meta-analysis using 382 effect sizes obtained across 37 studies showed that children with DLD had decreased narrative performance relative to TD peers, with summary estimates ranging from -0.850, 95% CI [-1.016, -0.685] to -0.794, 95% CI [-0.963, -0.624], depending on the correlation assumed. Across all models, effect size estimates showed significant heterogeneity both between and within studies, even after accounting for effect size-, sample-, and study-level predictors. Grammatical accuracy (microstructure) and story grammar (macrostructure) yielded the most consistent evidence of significant TD–DLD group differences across statistical models.Conclusions: Present findings suggest some narrative assessment measures may yield significantly different performance between children with and without DLD. However, researchers need to be consistent in their inclusionary criteria, their description of sample characteristics, and in their reporting of the correlations of measures, in order to determine which assessment measures are more likely to yield group differences.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 112796-112810
Author(s):  
Alessandra Nascimento Soares ◽  
Damiana Lima Costa ◽  
Aline Faquin ◽  
Ana Patricia Dubón ◽  
Suellen Cristina Roussenq ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Kenepp ◽  
Ellen Johnson ◽  
Grace J. Lee ◽  
Preeti Sunderaraman ◽  
Natalie L. Denburg ◽  
...  

The growing aging population raises important implications for legal and clinical systems, including testamentary capacity (TC) assessment. Yet, there are limited comprehensive and standardized assessment measures for TC readily available for clinical use. A review of current assessment methods and standardized approaches for TC assessment is provided. Although several guidelines regarding TC assessment have been proposed in prior literature, existing standardized approaches do not appear to meet full criteria for TC. A comprehensive approach to assessment of testamentary capacity is proposed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane E. Clark ◽  
Russell Pate ◽  
Rose Marie Rine ◽  
Jennifer Christy ◽  
Pamela Dalton ◽  
...  

As part of the National Children's Study (NCS) comprehensive and longitudinal assessment of the health status of the whole child, scientific teams were convened to recommend assessment measures for the NCS. This manuscript documents the work of three scientific teams who focused on the motor, sensory, or the physical health aspects of this assessment. Each domain team offered a value proposition for the importance of their domain to the health outcomes of the developing infant and child. Constructs within each domain were identified and measures of these constructs proposed. Where available extant assessments were identified. Those constructs that were in need of revised or new assessment instruments were identified and described. Recommendations also were made for the age when the assessments should take place.


2021 ◽  
pp. 105413732110541
Author(s):  
Lori R. Kogan ◽  
Wendy Packman ◽  
Jennifer Currin-McCulloch ◽  
Cori Bussolari ◽  
Phyllis Erdman

This study was designed to better understand how service dog partners experience the loss of their service dog. An anonymous survey was distributed to service dog partners who had lost a dog within the last five years. One-way ANOVAs were used to assess loss differences (retirement vs. death) on scores for Centrality of Events Scale, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, Social Constraints Measure, and Self-Compassion Scale. Linear regression was conducted on the total bereavement score to determine the impact of the above assessment measures. We found higher grief scores for those whose service dog died compared to those whose dog retired. Perceptions of social constraints and feelings related to the centrality of the event were predictors of overall grief for those who lost a dog due to retirement; centrality of event feelings predicted grief level for those experiencing a death. Findings suggest a need for grief support for service dog partners.


2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Shuman Wu

The "Three Good Things" is a self-administered positive psychological intervention that is effective in reducing depressive symptoms and improving well-being; however, there is still little known about its possible underlying mechanisms. I examined the efficacy of the Three Good Things intervention and investigated the mediating role of positive and negative affect in the intervention's effect on depressive symptoms and subjective well-being. Participants were undergraduate students randomly assigned to either the intervention group ( n = 128), who participated in a 16-week trial of the intervention and completed assessment measures, or to the control group (n = 121), who completed assessment measures but not the intervention. The three time points for assessment were Week 1 (baseline), Week 8 (Time 1), and Week 16 (Time 2). The results show that levels of depression and negative affect were lower in the intervention group than in the control group at Time 2, whereas positive affect and subjective well-being were higher. Thus, the intervention can reduce depression and promote well-being by reducing negative affect and improving positive affect.


2021 ◽  
pp. 152692482110460
Author(s):  
Ann Marie Warren ◽  
Kenleigh McMinn ◽  
Giuliano Testa ◽  
Anji E. Wall ◽  
Giovanna Saracino ◽  
...  

Introduction Uterus transplantation is now a viable option for fertility treatment for women with absolute uterine factor infertility. Psychological assessment is recommended as a part of the perioperative evaluation process. Research Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the psychological characteristics and mental health history of the 20 women who participated in the Dallas UtErus Transplant Study (DUETS) trial. Design This retrospective observational descriptive study was part of a prospective clinical trial. Prior to transplant, 20 women completed a clinical psychological interview, 19 of whom also completed psychological assessment measures including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire 9 item, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 item, PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, 36-Item Short Form, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 item, and Dyadic Adjustment Scale. Results Women who participated in the trial had high health-related quality of life and minimal psychological history, with most reporting psychological distress associated with their initial infertility diagnosis (N = 13). None of the participants endorsed psychological distress to meet clinical concerns on the psychological measures used. Satisfaction with relationship adjustment with their partners was also high. Conclusions Women with absolute uterine factor infertility who underwent uterus transplant demonstrated low psychological distress on assessment measures, were resilient, had high health related quality of life, and strong satisfaction with the quality of relationships with their partners. Although some women reported either current or past psychological diagnosis, most reported psychological distress that occurred at the time of the infertility diagnosis and appeared to resolve over time.


2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 351-372
Author(s):  
Jennifer Godfrey Anderson ◽  
Jodie Lane

Beginning with a story of travelling between northern communities and the shared experiences of the researchers, the environment, and the animals, this research reports the perspectives of teachers, administrators, and parents on how school-based assessment practices impact Inuit learners in Nunatsiavut, the Labrador Inuit Settlement Area. To adjust to current global social, economic, and environmental challenges (Council of Ministers of Education 2018; OECD 2018; United Nations 2010), mainstream jurisdictions are centering their curricular content and assessment measures on competencies (Alberta 2018; British Columbia 2018; Council of Ministers of Education 2018; OECD 2018; Ontario 2016). Our results show that many of these values are already imbedded in community- and land-based experiences in Nunatsiavut and we argue that the development of assessment practices to capture competencies can help reveal the strengths in culturally relevant curriculum and instruction in Nunatsiavut.


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