A COMPARISON OF GROWTH AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF PUREBRED SHORTHORN AND CROSSBRED BEEF STEERS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hidiroglou ◽  
L. A. Charette ◽  
J. S. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Eye Muscle

The influence of breed of sire on carcass traits was examined by studying data collected on 134 steers produced by mating Shorthorn cows with Shorthorn, Angus, Hereford, and Charolais bulls. The steers were fed out in two groups: one group was slaughtered at 18 to 23 months as they reached a live weight of 900–1000 lb and the other group at approximately 30 months of age. In each group the steers sired by Charolais bulls gained more rapidly, possessed more bone, produced heavier carcass weight, and showed largest eye muscle measurements. There were no appreciable differences among the crosses within the sire groups represented by the British breeds except that Hereford × Shorthorn surpassed Angus × Shorthorn and Shorthorn in growth rate significantly and for a slight superiority in marbling for the Angus compared with the Shorthorn.

scholarly journals Carcass Characteristics of the Libyan Purebred Mahali Goat and their Crosses with Damascus and Morcia Granada Goats

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkareem E. Ahtash ◽  
Abdulla S. Biala ◽  
Aiad F. Magid ◽  
Hamed M. Marhoun
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Significant Superiority ◽  
Group 1

This study was conducted to evaluate the carcass characteristics of Mahali (M), Damascus (D) and Morcia Granada (G) goats and their crosses. Live weight, carcass weight, dressing-out %, rib eye muscle area, non-carcass components and kidney fat were measured. The results showed significant superiority of Damascus goats in live weight (65.8 kg), carcass weight (34.3 kg), dressing-out %( 52.1%), rib eye muscle areas (22.7 cm²) over the Mahali and Morcia Granada goats. The crossbred group (1/2 M ҳ 1/2 D) was superior in live weight (50 kg), carcass weight (24.2kg), dressing-out %( 48.4%), and rib eye muscle area (21.2cm²) over other crossbreds. The crossbred group (3⁄4D ҳ 1⁄4M) was superior in live weight (61.7kg), carcass weight (31 kg) and rib eye muscle area (21.3cm²) over the other 3⁄4 crossbreds. This study indicated that crossing between Mahali ҳ Damascus breed was beneficial for increasing live weight, carcass weight and meat production. 

The effect of length of journey by road to abattoir, resting and feeding before slaughter on carcass characteristics in bacon weight pigs

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cuthbertson ◽  
R. W. Pomeroy
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Loading And Unloading

SUMMARYThree trials were conducted to investigate the effect of length of journey by road to the abattoir, resting and feeding before slaughter on carcass characteristics of pigs of about 200 lb live weight.Trial 1 investigated feeding or no feeding on the morning of slaughter, followed by a ½-hr or 8-hr journey by lorry to the abattoir with all pigs ending their journey and being killed at the same time. Ninety-six pigs were divided equally among the four treatments and the trial was repeated with a further 108 pigs. Measurements recorded on the live pigs and their carcasses included the live weight before the imposition of treatments, weight of liver, carcass and matured sides and the composition of a sample joint. Trial 2 studied lairaging overnight with food and water after a ½-hr or 8-hr journey to the abattoir compared with these journey lengths on the morning of slaughter. Eighty pigs were divided equally among the four treatments. Similar measurements to those in trial 1 were recorded. Trial 3 involved 49 pigs applied to each of three treatments, or 7-hr journey on the day of slaughter, with all pigs finishing their journey and being slaughtered at the same time.In trial 1, pigs which travelled for 8 hr before slaughter had carcasses averaging 0·9% less than those which travelled for ½ hr, regardless of whether or not they were fed. It could not be established where this loss occurred. Liver weights were greater for those pigs which were fed and was greatest for those pigs which were fed and had the ½-hr journey. Streak thickness was found to be decreased by feeding, but was not affected by the length of the journey. No effects of the treatments were found on pH or eye-muscle colour, but the ultimate pH of the pigs fed before the 8-hr journey was lower than for the other treatments. Trial 2 pigs showed no effect of the treatments on carcass weights. Liver weights were similar on all treatments except for the treatment involving 8-hr journey followed by lairage where the liver was about 220 g (16%) heavier. The ultimate pH value was lowest among pigs which travelled 8 hr on the morning of slaughter but was similar for pigs on the other treatments. In trial 3, loss of live weight tended to increase with increasing journey length. Pigs on the 7-hr journey treatment had about 90 g (6%) more liver than those on the shorter journeys. pH1 values increased with length of journey and the longer the journey the thinner tended to be the maximum shoulder fat thickness.From the differences in the results from the three trials, notably with carcass weight, it may be inferred that the behaviour and handling of pigs during the journey and during loading and unloading, may play an important part in determining the result of the length of the journey, resting and feeding. Further work is considered necessary to study such factors.

Growth and carcass characteristics of ram, cryptorchid and wether Border Leicester x Merino lambs: effects of increasing carcass weight.

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
GJ Lee
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Consumer Acceptability ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Fat Score ◽  
Score Distributions

The growth and carcass characteristics of first-cross Border Leicester x Merino ram, cryptorchid and wether lambs were compared over a range of slaughter weights (35-55 kg). Lambs were offered feed ad libitum after weaning. The growth rate of wether lambs (221 g/day) was less (P< 0.01) than that of rams and cryptorchids (308 and 280 g/day respectively, P = 0.076). The dressed carcasses of the wether lambs were approximately 2 percentage units heavier than those of the ram and cryptorchids, but this difference was partly due to the weight of the testes. Across all sex groups, dressing percentage increased by 0.46 percentage units per kg increase in carcass weight. The carcasses of rams and cryptorchid lambs tended to be leaner than those of wethers. Fat score distributions, based on export standards, were such that wethers scored higher (fatter) than rams and cryptorchids (P< 0.05). There was a significant sexx carcass weight interaction with GR tissue depths. Above 17 kg carcass weight, tissue depth of wether lambs was greater than those of the other sex types. Of 12 families assessing consumer acceptability (taste, smell, size, fatness and tenderness) of leg roasts, the majority showed no preference for any of the sexes.

Effect of garlic meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics of indigenous Venda chickens

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Ditle ◽  
J. W. Ng’ambi ◽  
D. Norris ◽  
O. J. Alabi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Carcass Parameters

A study was conducted to determine the growth performance and carcass characteristics of indigenous Venda chickens fed a grower’s diet supplemented with varying levels of garlic meal. The study was based on four diets containing similar energy but different garlic meal supplementation levels of 0, 10, 15 and 25 g/kg DM. At 50 to 91 days, all the growth and carcass parameters measured were improved (P less than 0.05) by garlic meal supplementation. Feed intake, growth rate, feed conversion ratio, live weight, carcass weight, dressing percent, breast meat, thigh, drumstick, gizzard and fat pad weights of Venda chickens were optimized at different garlic meal supplementation levels of 14.7, 15.8, 8.0, 16.4, 14.2, 12.7, 11.2, 12.7, 8.2, 10.5 and 15.1, respectively. These findings have implications on ration formulation for indigenous Venda chickens. Thus, it was concluded that garlic meal supplementation improved feed intake, growth rate, live weight and carcass weight of Venda chickens.

Growth and carcass characteristics of crossbred and straightbred Hereford steers. II. Carcass measurements and composition

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Thompson ◽  
R Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Allometric Equation ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Breed Crosses

The effect of sire breed on the growth and development of carcass characteristics was examined in 104 steer carcasses, over the weight range of c. 300 to 600 kg liveweight. The carcasses were obtained from 28 straightbred Hereford, 27 Brahman x Hereford, 23 Simmental x Hereford and 26 Friesian x Hereford steers, which were grown on pasture and slaughtered in four groups when the Herefords weighed c. 270, 370, 470 and 570 kg liveweight. Changes in carcass characteristics with weight were examined by using the linear form of the allometric equation (log10Y = log10A+blog10X). As liveweight increased, the proportion of carcass in the body increased (b = 1.152). At the same liveweight, Brahman cross steers had heavier carcasses than the Hereford steers, which were heavier than either the Simmental or Friesian cross steers (P < 0.05). Fat thickness at the 12th-13th rib site, and kidney and channel fat weight both increased at a proportionally faster rate than carcass weight (b = 1.511 and 1 567 respectively). At the same carcass weight, Hereford and Brahman cross carcasses had a greater fat thickness than Simmental and Friesian cross carcasses (P i 0.05). Differences between sire breeds in kidney and channel fat weight were not significant (P > 0.05). C:rcass length and eye muscle area increased at a proportionally slower rate than carcass weight (b = 0.268 and 0.466 respectively). At the same carcass weight, Friesian cross carcasses were longer, and Simmental cross carcasses had a larger eye muscle area than the other breed crosses (P < 0.05). As total side weight increased, the proportions of subcutaneous and intermuscular fatAincreased (b = 1.554 and 1.535 respectively), and the proportions of muscle and bone decreased (b = 0.938 and 0.676 respectively). At the same side weight, the Hereford and Brahman cross carcasses had more subcutaneous fat than the Simmental and Friesian cross carcasses (P < 0.05). The Hereford carcasses had more intermuscular fat than the Simmental cross carcasses, which had more muscle than the other breed crosses (P < 0.05). Friesian cross carcasses had more bone than the Simmental crosses, with Brahman cross and Hereford carcasses having the least bone (P < 0.05). Brahman cross carcasses had a higher conformation score than the Simmental cross and Hereford carcasses, the Friesian cross carcasses having the lowest (P < 0.05). Samples of the M. longissimus from Brahman cross carcasses had a higher Warner-Bratzler shear force than samples from the other breed crosses (P < 0.05).

Growth and carcass characteristics of three-way Africander multiply Simmental multiply Hereford crossbreds in south-western Queensland

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 675
Author(s):  
JM Cavaye ◽  
JL Knight ◽  
TJ Tierney ◽  
AM Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Beef Producers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Native Pastures

Liveweight and carcass traits of 3-way Africander (A) x Simmental (S) x Hereford (H) crossbreds and purebred Herefords were monitored predominately on native pastures at Dirranbandi, Queensland, for 2 calf crops over 6 years. The relative breed compositions of the crossbreds were A4S2H2, A4S 1 H3 and A4H4. The mean liveweight of the A4S2H2 cattle ranked highest from about 250 days post-weaning to slaughter (520 days post-weaning) for steers, and at first joining for heifers (560 days post-weaning). Differences in liveweight were not significant at all times. The A4S2H2 and A4SlH3 steers had the highest (P<0.05) post-weaning average daily gains. Differences in weaning weight between crossbreds were carried through to slaughter for steers and to joining for heifers. The A4S2H2 steers had the highest (P<0.05) mean final liveweight (433 kg) and mean carcass weight (232 kg). There was no difference in carcass weight between the other crossbreds and Herefords. Fat depth at the P8 rump site of A4H4 crossbreds (8.5 mm) was higher (P<0.05) than that of Herefords (5.5 mm) and other crossbreds. Dressing percentages were similar for all breed types. The A4S2H2 maiden heifers had higher (P<0.05) liveweights at first joining (369 kg) than the A4S1H3 (353 kg) and A4H4 (337 kg) heifers. These data show that beef producers in southwestern Queensland can increase carcass weights with A4S2H2 crossbreds and produce carcasses that primarily meet the Korean-EC market and the requirements of domestic supermarket outlets.

scholarly journals Effect of Genotype and Slaughter Age on Carcass Traits and Meat Quality of the Celta Pig Breed in Extensive System

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Franco ◽  
Javier Carballo ◽  
Roberto Bermñudez ◽  
José M. Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Colour Parameters

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of genotype and slaughter age on carcass traits and meat quality of the Celta pig breed. Samples from 95 pigs of three lines (Barcina, Santiaguesa and Carballina) slaughtered at two different ages (12 and 16 months) were analysed. Pigs’ slaughter at 16 months showed significantly (P<0.001) higher live weight (157.2 vs. 178.9 kg), cold carcass weight (122.9 vs. 141.9 kg) and killing out percentage (77.7 vs. 79.5%; P<0.001) compared to those slaughtered at 12 months. Genotype also affected the live weight and cold carcass weight, both of which were highest in the Santiaguesa line. Changes in meat quality in relation to slaughter age and genotype were observed. The fat content increased with slaughter age, but did not vary with genotype. Regarding colour parameters, the L* values (48.53) were lower and a* values (11.55) were higher in samples of the Barcina line, indicating that the meat was darker and redder than in the other two lines. Both slaughter age and genotype had significant effects on texture parameters measured by the Warner Bratzler test, whereas textural profile analysis revealed significant differences mainly due to genotype.

scholarly journals RAW SOYBEANS IN SWINE GROWING–FINISHING RATIONS

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Young
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Live Performance ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Supplemental Protein ◽  
Finisher Diets

Two trials involving a total of 120 Yorkshire SPF swine were conducted to evaluate the effect on live performance and carcass characteristics of replacing supplemental protein from 44% soybean meal (SM) with that from raw ground soybeans (RGS). Levels of 10.80, 16.45 and 22.15% RGS in the grower diets caused slower growth rates and reduced feed efficiency compared with those of pigs that did not receive RGS in their diets (P < 0.05). Although the results were not as consistent as in the grower phase, levels of 11.25 and 15.15% RGS in the finisher diets caused slower growth rate. Pelleting of a diet containing 3.65% RGS resulted in improved feed efficiency compared with that of the same diet unpelleted, when fed in the grower phase (P < 0.05). The area of the loin eye muscle tended to become smaller as the level of RGS in the diet increased. Treatment had no consistent effect on the other measures of carcass quality studied.

FEEDLOT AND CARCASS TRAITS OF STEERS OF THE HIGHLAND AND HEREFORD BREEDS AND THEIR RECIPROCAL CROSSES

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
J. E. LAWSON
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Reciprocal Crosses ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Daily Gain

Calves of the Hereford breed, and the Highland × Hereford and Hereford × Highland crosses surpassed those of the Highland in final feedlot weight, average daily gain in the feedlot, cold carcass weight, and dressing percentage. The fat thickness over the eye muscle was significantly less in the Highland than in the other groups; however, when considered as thickness of fat per 100 kg of cold carcass no important breed differences existed. Although area of eye muscle did not differ between any of the breeds and crosses, the Highland had greater area of eye muscle per 100 kg of cold carcass. Calves were slaughtered when the majority of the Herefords were judged, visually, to have reached "choice" or "good" grades. The percentage of animals achieving grades of choice or good was less for the Highland than for the other three groups. Heterosis effects were 6.3, 5.7, 7.1, 1.2, and 5.2% for final feedlot weight, feedlot average daily gain, cold carcass weight, dressing percent, and intramuscular fat. Although the percent heterosis for area of eye muscle and fat thickness over the eye muscle was 4.4 and 5.8, the advantage was in favor of the straightbreds over the reciprocal crosses (5.3%) when considered in terms of area of eye muscle per 100 kg of cold carcass weight. The two crossbred groups were similar to the Hereford, while the Highland was inferior to all three groups in overall performance for the traits in this study.

scholarly journals Naringin supplementation affects performance, carcass traits, meat quality and oxidative stability of finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Q Wang ◽  
J Wang ◽  
R.L. Qi ◽  
X.Y. Qiu ◽  
Q Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Pork Quality ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle

Naringin is a major flavanone derivate that has many important biological functions in animals. However, its effect on pigs is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of naringin supplementation on performance, carcass traits, meat quality and oxidative stability in finishing pigs. Ninety-six pigs, with an average initial body weight of 66.2 ± 0.63 kg, were randomly divided into four groups. One group was fed a basal diet without supplementation (control), and the three others were fed diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 g naringin /kg DM of feed for 50 days. Each treatment was replicated six times with four pigs per replicate. Feed and water were available ad libitum. The 0.5 g/kg naringin treatment group had an improved loin eye muscle area, reduced serum triglycerides and were leaner compared with the other groups. Pigs in the 1.5 g/kg naringin treatment had higher pH45min values and inosine monophosphate concentrations, and lower MyHC IIb mRNA expression in muscle than the other groups. MyHC IIa mRNA expression was significantly up-regulated in all naringin-supplemented diet groups. Naringin significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total anti-oxidative capacity in meat, as well as SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity in the liver. These results indicate that the dietary addition of naringin at 0.5 g/kg improved carcass characteristics, while 1.5 g/kg improved the oxidative stability and pork quality in finishing pigs. Keywords: antioxidant capacity; carcass characteristics; naringin-supplemented diets; pork quality

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