NITROGEN BALANCE AND PLASMA-FREE FATTY ACID LEVELS OF GILTS DURING ESTRUS AND DIESTRUS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-736
Author(s):  
D. W. FRIEND ◽  
H. M. CUNNINGHAM
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
N Balance ◽  
N Retention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Reproductive Cycles

Twelve Yorkshire gilts were used in metabolism trials to determine the effects of estrus on nitrogen balance and plasma-free fatty acid (FFA) levels. Five 24-hr feces and urine collections were taken during each of the estrus and diestrus periods of one or two reproductive cycles. Samples of ear vein blood were collected on each of the 5 days. The mean 5-day values for N retention were 48 ± 22 and 47 ± 20 g per 100 g N intake for estrus and diestrus, respectively. Results indicated, therefore, that the effect of estrus on N balance is such that a comparison between pregnant and nonpregnant pigs need not take into account the occurrence of estrus. Levels of FFA during estrus and diestrus were 121 ± 63 and 110 ± 64 μeq per liter, these effects being associated with significant (P < 0.01) interaction effects within the nested classification.

PLASMA FREE FATTY ACID AND BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS IN NEWBORN INFANTS AND THEIR MOTHERS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
Doman K. Keele ◽  
Jacob L. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Blood Sugar Level ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sugar Levels ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

Simultaneous plasma free fatty acid (FFA) and blood sugar levels were determined for fasting newborn infants during the first 24 hours of life, for their cord bloods, and for their mothers at delivery. The following observations were made. In control infants the mean FFA level rose about three times the cord level after birth and was accompanied by a 25% drop in the mean blood sugar level. Thereafter, the mean blood sugar level remained relatively constant, but the mean FFA level varied from 2½ to 3 times the cord level. There was no significant correlation between the length of maternal fasting prior to delivery and the infant FFA level; there was, however a significant negative correlation between the length of maternal fasting prior to delivery and the infant blood sugar level at 24 hours of age. High FFA levels occurred in the infants of obese mothers and low levels were observed in infants with delayed respirations, in infants of preeclamptic mothers, and in infants of diabetic mothers.

Responses in plasma free fatty acid composition to divergent selection for predicted carcass lean content in sheep

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. K. SPEAKE ◽  
R. C. NOBLE ◽  
J. BRACKEN ◽  
S. C. BISHOP
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
The Mean

The fatty acid composition of the plasma free fatty acid and adipose tissue triacylglycerol fractions was determined in lean and fat selection lines of Texel-Oxford and Scottish Blackface sheep at the 6th year of divergent selection. The mean proportion of 18[ratio ]2n-6 in the triacylglycerol of subcutaneous backfat was 1·3-fold higher in the phenotypically fatter sheep in the fat lines than in the phenotypically leaner sheep in the lean lines. Regression analysis indicated a positive relationship between this fatty acid and backfat depth whereas the proportion of 18[ratio ]1n-9 in the tissue triacylglycerol was negatively related to fatness. The proportions of 18[ratio ]2n-6 and of other polyunsaturated fatty acids in the plasma free fatty acid fraction were much higher than in adipose triacylglycerol. For the Scottish Blackface sheep in the fed state, the mean proportion of 18[ratio ]2n-6 in plasma free fatty acid (measured on all sheep) was 1·4-fold greater in the fat line than in the lean line. Regression analysis indicated a positive relationship between the plasma content of this fatty acid and backfat thickness whereas the proportion of 18[ratio ]1n-9 in plasma free fatty acid showed a negative relationship with fatness. The relationship between the plasma proportion of 18[ratio ]2n-6 and fatness was not observed after 48 h of fasting; instead, the plasma proportion of 18[ratio ]0 was found to be positively related to fatness in the fasted state. In summary, this paper shows how plasma and adipose tissue fatty acid profiles differ, and it quantifies the effects of selection on the plasma profiles. Possible reasons for the difference in fatty acid profiles between adipose tissue and plasma are discussed in the paper. It is suggested that plasma 18[ratio ]2n-6 levels during the early post-weaning growth period should be investigated as indicators of future fatness.

Respiratory capacity and glycogen depletion in thyroid-deficient muscle

1980 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Baldwin ◽  
A. M. Hooker ◽  
R. E. Herrick ◽  
L. F. Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Respiratory Capacity ◽  
Rest And Exercise

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of propylthiouracil-induced thyroid deficiency on a) the capacity of muscle homogenates to oxidize [2-14C]pyruvate and [U-14C]palmitate and b) glycogen depletion during exercise in liver and in fast-oxidative-glycogenolytic (FOG), fast-glycogenolytic (FG), and slow-oxidative (SO) muscle. Relative to the rates for normal rats, oxidation with pyruvate was reduced by 53, 68, and 58%, and palmitate by 40, 50, and 48% in FOG, FG, and SO muscle, respectively (P less than 0.05). Normal rats ran longer than thyroid-deficient rats at 26.7 m/min (87 ± 8 vs. 37 ± 5 min). After 40 min of running (22 m/min), the amount of glycogen consumed in normal FOG, FG, and SO muscle and in liver amounted to only 23, 12, 66, and 52%, respectively, of that for their thyroid-deficient counterparts. Also, normal rats maintained higher plasma free fatty acid levels than thyroid-deficient rats during both rest and exercise (P less than 0.05). These findings suggest that thyroid deficiency causes a reduced potential for FFA utilization in skeletal muscle that enhances its consumption of glycogen, thereby limiting endurance capacity.

The Effects of Cold and Prostaglandin E1 on Lipid Mobilization in the Chicken

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Wagner ◽  
R. A. Peterson ◽  
R. J. Cenedella
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Prostaglandin E1 ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Lower Plasma ◽  
Lipid Mobilization ◽  
Plasma Ffa

Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels and the effects of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) were studied in cold-acclimated and cold-exposed chickens and compared to controls. Chickens cold-acclimated at 4–7 or 8–11 °C for 4 weeks had significantly elevated plasma FFA when compared to the controls at 19–21 °C. Although PGE1 had no effect on the basal level of FFA of controls, a significantly lower plasma FFA was seen after injection of either 10 or 30 μg PGE1/kg in cold-acclimated chickens. Chickens cold-exposed to 2–3 °C for 4 h demonstrated significant elevations of plasma FFA when compared to controls. Only 30 μg PGE1/kg significantly depressed the plasma FFA in the cold-exposed birds. No inhibition of basal FFA release was seen in control animals. From these experiments, it is concluded that chickens mobilize FFA extensively under cold-exposure and that this stimulated lipolysis is inhibited by PGE1.

405 REGULATION OF PLASMA FREE FATTY ACID METABOLISM DURING INTENSE EXERCISE

1994 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. S72
Author(s):  
C. A. Raguso ◽  
A. R. Coggan ◽  
L. S. Sidossis ◽  
A. Gastaldelli ◽  
R. R. Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Free Fatty Acid Metabolism
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