EFFECT OF TWO-MONTH TREATMENT WITH GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR ON MILK PRODUCTION AND PLASMA CONSTITUENTS IN DAIRY COWS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. LAPIERRE ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
D. PETITCLERC ◽  
P. DUBREUIL ◽  
J. MORISSET ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Daily Injection ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Factor ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Seventeen dairy cows averaging 252 d of lactation were used to study the effect of long-term treatment with a human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF(1–29)NH2) on lactational performance and concentration of plasma constituents. For 57 d, the cows received a daily subcutaneous injection of either saline (S, n = 8) or 10 μg kg−1 BW of hGRF(1–29)NH2 (GRF, n = 9). Milk production and feed intake were recorded daily, while milk composition was determined weekly. Treatment with GRF increased 4% fat-corrected milk yield (13.9 vs. 15.8 kg d−1), and fat yield, (0.58 vs. 0.66 kg d−1). It did not affect protein yield (0.46 vs. 0.52 kg d−1), or feed intake (17.2 vs. 17.8 kg d−1) (means of the 57 d of treatment, S vs. GRF). The GRF-treated cows gained more weight than the control cows, 5.5 vs. 4.2%, respectively. Blood samples were collected hourly, from 2 h before to 8 h after the daily injection on d 1, 15, 29, 43 and 57, to determine plasma constituent concentrations. GRF treatment decreased calcium and cholesterol concentrations, but increased free fatty acids concentration. All constituents measured remained within the normal range. The weights of the cows and their calves and milk yield (14 first wk postpartum) at the subsequent lactation were not affected by previous GRF treatment. In conclusion, treatment with GRF during the last 2 mo of lactation increased milk production and altered levels of some plasma constituents without any detrimental effect on the subsequent lactation. Key words: Growth hormone-releasing factor, milk production, plasma constituents, cows (dairy)

EFFECT OF GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR AND(OR) THYROTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR ON HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS AND MILK PRODUCTION IN DAIRY COWS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. LAPIERRE ◽  
D. PETITCLERC ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
L. DELORME ◽  
P. DUBREUIL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Factor ◽  
Injection Period

In a 2 × 2 factorial design, 32 cows (n = 8 per treatment) averaging 196 d of lactation received, for 10 consecutive days, daily subcutaneous injections of saline (group 1), human growth hormone-releasing factor (1-29)NH2 (GRF, 10 μg kg−1 BW; group 2), thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF, 1 μg kg−1 BW; group 3), or GRF (10 μg kg−1 BW) plus TRF (1 μg kg−1 BW; group 4). Blood was collected from 24 cows (n = 6 per treatment) on the first and last day of injection. The synergistic action of the two hypothalamic factors on growth hormone (GH) release was maintained throughout the experiment (P < 0.05). Prolactin (Prl) concentrations increased (P < 0.01) after TRF administration on both sampling days. There was no interaction between the two peptides on thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations. TSH response to TRF (P < 0.01) observed on the first day was not detectable (P > 0.10) on the 10th day of injection and the TRF-induced T4 response decreased (P < 0.05) from day 1 to day 10. GRF treatment increased (P = 0.06) insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations while TRF had no effect (P > 0.10). Milk production and composition and feed intake were recorded from 10 d before to 10 d after the injection period. Data were averaged for the last 5 d of each 10-d period. Milk production during the injection period averaged 18.8, 20.6, 20.7, and 22.3 kg d−1 for groups 1–4, respectively. Effects of GRF and TRF were additive. Treatment with TRF did not change milk composition but GRF treatment decreased milk protein content. Feed intake did not differ (P > 0.10) between treatments. In summary, the synergy between GRF and TRF on GH concentration was sustained through a 10-d treatment period. Despite this synergy, GRF and TRF had only an additive effect on milk production. Further investigation is needed to confirm whether this successful combination of these two hypothalamic factors can be used on a Song-term basis. Key words: GRF, TRF, milk production, hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, cows (dairy)

The effects of feeding different starch sources and concentrations on milk production of high yielding Holstein cows

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 192-192
Author(s):  
R.E. Lawson ◽  
A.R. Moss ◽  
C. Rymer ◽  
J.S. Blake
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Starch Concentration ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Ground Wheat

Mansbridge (1995) reported that replacing ground wheat with a mix of ground wheat and maize grain increased milk protein concentration, which led the authors to speculate that increased inclusion of maize grain increased rumen by-pass starch. Indeed, de Visseret al(1990) reported that feeding less rapidly degradable starches has led to increased milk protein concentration.The objective of this study was to examine the effects of starch concentration and source on feed intake, milk yield and milk composition of dairy cows.

Effect of long-term administration of human growth hormone-releasing factor and(or) thyrotropin-releasing factor on milk production, insulin-like growth factor-I and plasma constituents in dairy cows

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 707-715
Author(s):  
P. Lacasse ◽  
J. Morisset ◽  
D. Petitclerc ◽  
G. Pelletier ◽  
Y. Couture ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Average Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Factor ◽  
Injection Period ◽  
Factor I

Forty-seven Holstein cows (51 ± 7 d of lactation; 607 ± 78 kg BW) were randomly subjected to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement based on milk production. Milk production and feed intake were recorded every day and milk and feed composition determined once a week for 33 wk (4 wk preinjection, 26 wk of injection and 3 wk postinjection). During the injection period, cows received daily s.c. injections (10:00 h) in the cervical area of saline (control), human growth hormone-releasing factor (1–29)NH2 (GRF; 10 μg kg−1 BW), thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRF; 1 μg kg−1 BW) or the combination of both releasing factors (10 and 1 μg kg−1 BW, respectively). Growth hormone-releasing factor enhanced milk production (P < 0.001; 22.1 vs. 24.2 kg 4% FCM per d), feed intake (P < 0.05; 19.0 vs. 19.8 kg DM per d), feed efficiency (P < 0.05; 1.14 vs. 1.21 kg 4% FCM per kg DM) and insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations (P < 0.05) but did not affect milk composition (P > 0.25) or average daily weight gain (P > 0.25). Thyrotropin-releasing factor did not affect nor did it interact with GRF on any of these variables except for average daily weight gain which was reduced by TRF (P < 0.05; 0.24 vs. 0.12 kg d−1) during the injection period. Milk production of GRF-treated cows returned to control levels after 3 wk following cessation of treatment. GRF treatment depressed (P < 0.05) serum urea, creatinine, triglycerides and glutamate pyruvate transaminase concentrations, while TRF treatment increased glucose levels (P < 0.05). In conclusion, daily s.c. injections of GRF for 6 months stimulated milk production by 9.5% and improved feed efficiency by 6.1% in dairy cows. Key words: GRF, TRF, milk production, plasma constituents, IGF-I

EFFECT OF A GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING FACTOR ANALOG ON GROWTH HORMONE, INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 AND MILK PRODUCTION IN DAIRY COWS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. LAPIERRE ◽  
G. PELLETIER ◽  
D. PETITCLERC ◽  
P. GAUDREAU ◽  
P. BRAZEAU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Hormone Releasing Factor ◽  
Releasing Factors

In a first experiment, 21 cows (98 d in lactation, 609 kg BW) were randomly used to determine the dose-response release of growth hormone (GH) to [desamino-Tyr1, D-Ala2, Ala15] growth hormone-releasing factor (1–29)NH2 analog (GRF-A; 0, 0.12, 0.37, 1.11 and 3.33 μg kg−1 BW) or to human growth hormone-releasing factor (1–29)NH2 (GRF; 3.33 and 10.00 μg kg−1 BW) after s.c. administration. The interaction (P < 0.01) between the two releasing factors and the doses on GH concentrations indicated that the analog was more potent than the original molecule; at the 3.33 μg kg−1 BW dose, the analog elicited a 3.5 times higher GH response than GRF. In a second experiment, the effects of daily s.c. injections for 10 d of either saline, GRF (10 μg kg−1 BW) or GRF-A (0.6 or 1.8 μg kg−1 BW) on GH concentrations and lactational performance were determined using 32 cows (n = 8 per treatment) averaging 91 d in lactation and subjected to a random block design. The three releasing factor treatments similarly increased GH concentrations measured during the 8 h following the injection on d 1 and 10. GRF at the dose of 10 μg kg−1 BW and the analog at the doses of 0.6 and 1.8 μg kg−1 BW increased milk yield by 9.6, 11.7 and 17.6%, respectively, when compared to the control; both releasing factors had no effect on milk composition. Insulin-like growth factor I concentrations were increased 8 h after the last injection, from 73.4 ng mL−1 in control cows to an average of 107.6 ng mL−1 in treated cows. Results show that the [desamino-Tyr1, D-Ala2, Ala15] human growth hormone-releasing factor (1–29)NH2 analog is more potent than human growth hormone-releasing factor (1–29)NH2 in stimulating GH release and milk production in dairy cows. Key words: Growth hormone-releasing factor, analog, growth hormone, milk production, insulin-like growth factor 1, cows (dairy)

scholarly journals Injection of Synthetic Human Growth Hormone-Releasing Factors in Dairy Cows. 1. Effect on Feed Intake and Milk Yield and Composition

1987 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2511-2517 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Pelletier ◽  
D. Petitclerc ◽  
H. Lapierre ◽  
M. Bernier-Cardou ◽  
J. Morisset ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Releasing Factors

Effect of Herbal Galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) on Milk Yield and Milk Constituents in Lactating Kankrej Cattle at Organised Farm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 39-41
Author(s):  
H H Panchasara ◽  
A B Chaudhari ◽  
D A Patel ◽  
Y M Gami ◽  
M P Patel
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Nutritional Requirements ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Distinct Effect ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Group I ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding herbal galactogogue preparation (Sanjivani biokseera) on the milk yield and milk constituents in lactating Kankrej cows. Thirty-two lactating Kankrej cows in their 1st to 6th lactation were taken for the experiment from 3 days after calving up to 52 days postpartum. All the animals were fed as per the standard seasonally available roughages and concentrates to meet their nutritional requirements. The cows were randomly divided into two uniform groups of 16 cows in each according to initial milk yield and milk composition. The animals in group-I were not given any supplement and served as control. The animals in group-II were given Sanjivani biokseera (Naturewell Industries) @ 60 g per day for 1-month, commencing 3 days after calving, in addition to the usual feeds/fodders. A clear difference was observed in milk yield from day 8 onward of experiment between groups with significant (plessthan0 0.05) higher values from day 16-52 in cows fed herbal galactogogue as compared to control, but no such distinct effect on milk constituents was observed on day 52 when analyzed. The use of herbal galactogogue significantly (p lessthan 0.05) increased the overall average of 52 days milk production, which was 9.34 ± 0.21 lit/day in supplemented as compared to 7.75 ± 0.26 lit/day in control animals. It was concluded that herbal galactogogue (Sanjivani biokseera) could increase milk yield in lactating dairy cows through its galactopoetic property and improved rumen environment.

THE MAINTENANCE OF LACTATION IN THE RABBIT AFTER HYPOPHYSECTOMY

1969 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. COWIE ◽  
P. E. HARTMANN ◽  
A. TURVEY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Human Growth Hormone ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Milk Secretion

SUMMARY Twenty-one rabbits were hypophysectomized during the second week of lactation. Hypophysectomy inhibited milk secretion within 3–7 days. Restoration of the milk yield to pre-operative levels was obtained when daily injections of either sheep prolactin (50 or 100 i.u.) or human growth hormone (HGH) (2·5 or 5 mg.) were administered; partial recovery of the milk yield was obtained with 25 i.u. sheep prolactin/day or 1·25 mg. HGH/day. Neither bovine growth hormone (BGH), adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) nor cortisol acetate had any significant restorative effects on milk secretion or synergistic effects when combined with sheep prolactin or HGH. The probable development of immune responses to sheep prolactin and HGH was observed. After hypophysectomy, changes in milk composition were found which were similar in trend to the more gradual normal changes observed in late lactation. Sheep prolactin and HGH restored the composition of the milk as well as the yields to normal levels, and both hormones caused rapid increases in lactose yields. The pigeon crop-stimulating potency of the HGH preparation was low (equivalent to 3·7 i.u. sheep prolactin/mg.), yet its lactogenic and galactopoietic potencies were high thus emphasizing the unreliability of assessing the mammotrophic potencies of HGH preparations in birds.

scholarly journals Association of Feed Efficiency, Feeding Rate, and Behaviour with the Milk Performance of Dairy Cows

Dairy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 684-694
Author(s):  
Lenka Krpálková ◽  
Niall O’Mahony ◽  
Anderson Carvalho ◽  
Sean Campbell ◽  
Gerard Corkery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Milk Performance

Identification of the associations of cow feed efficiency with feeding behaviour and milk production is important for supporting recommendations of strategies that optimise milk yield. The objective of this study was to identify associations between measures of feed efficiency, feed intake, feeding rate, rumination time, feeding time, and milk production using data collected from 26 dairy cows during a 3 month period in 2018. Cows averaged (mean ± standard deviation) 2.2 ± 1.7 lactations, 128 ± 40 days in milk, 27.5 ± 5.5 kg/day milk, 1.95 ± 0.69 kg feed/1 kg milk—the measure used to express feed conversion ratio (FCR), 575 ± 72 min/day rumination time, and 264 ± 67 min/day feeding time during the observation period. The coefficient of variation for rumination time (min/d) was 12.5%. A mixed linear model was selected for analyses. The most feed inefficient cows with the highest FCR (≥2.6 kg feed/1 kg milk) showed the lowest milk yield (24.8 kg/day), highest feed intake (78.8 kg), highest feeding rate (0.26 kg/min) and BCS (3.35 point). However, the relative milk yield (milk yield per 100 kg of body weight) was the highest (4.01 kg/day) in the most efficient group with the lowest FCR (≤1.4 kg feed/1 kg milk). Our study showed that the most efficient cows with the lowest FCR (≤1.4 kg feed/1 kg milk) had the highest rumination time (597 min/day; p < 0.05), feeding time (298 min/day; p < 0.05), rumination/activity ratio (4.39; p < 0.05) and rumination/feeding ratio (2.04; p < 0.05). Less active cows (activity time 164 min/day; p < 0.05) were the most efficient cows with the lowest FCR (≤1.4 kg feed/1 kg milk). The behavioural differences observed in this study provide new insight into the association of feed behaviour and feed efficiency with milk performance. Incorporating feeding behaviour into the dry matter intake model can improve its accuracy in the future and benefit breeding programmes.

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