The performance of dry bean cultivars with and without common bacterial blight resistance in field studies across Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Gillard ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
R. J. Howard ◽  
K. P. Pauls ◽  
L. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Leaf Disease ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Significant Disease

Common bacterial blight (CBB) is a serious seed-borne disease in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). Plant breeders have focused on genetic resistance to control this disease, and this led to the release of the first resistant cultivar (OAC Rex) in 2002. In 2003 and 2004, field studies were conducted at six sites across Canada to measure the impact of CBB resistance on dry bean seed yield. Two resistant and four susceptible cultivars were evaluated in noninoculated and inoculated experiments at each site. In the noninoculated experiments, the CBB incidence was very low and there were no treatment differences for measurements of leaf disease. Significant disease pressure occurred in the inoculated experiments at 7 of 12 site-years. Both resistant cultivars usually had less leaf disease than the susceptible cultivars. Yield comparisons between the inoculated and noninoculated experiments were conducted using a yield index calculation to estimate the impact of CBB on the yield of the cultivar. OAC Rex and HR67 had a mean yield advantage of 23.1 and 13.8%, respectively, compared with the mean of the four susceptible cultivars. This is similar to the yield advantage previously reported in the literature. Key words: Dry bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, resistance, yield

scholarly journals Coinoculation Effects of the Pathogens Causing Common Bacterial Blight, Rust, and Bean Common Mosaic in Phaseolus vulgaris

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Z. Zaiter ◽  
D.P. Coyne ◽  
J.R. Steadman
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bean Common Mosaic Virus ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Uromyces Appendiculatus ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Screening For Resistance ◽  
Prior Infection

Ten dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars/lines with differential reactions to rust were used in growth chamber experiments to determine rust [Uromyces appendiculatus (Pers.) Unger var. appendiculutus, (U a)], and common bacterial blight Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (E.F. Sm.) Dews. (X c p)] reactions on leaves when coinoculated with both pathogens. The X c p-U a necrosis symptoms were very different from those caused by X c p alone. Depending on the level of host susceptibility to rust, the X c p reaction remained confined within the rust pustule or spread beyond the pustule area, causing a necrosis of the entire leaf. Prior infection of bean seedlings with bean common mosaic virus (BCMV), NY-15 strain, reduced rust pustule size, but did not affect the reaction to X c p. Screening with X c p and BCMV can be done at the same time during the early vegetative stage, but the interactions of U a with X c p and of BCMV with U a need to be considered in screening for resistance.

scholarly journals Impact of common bacterial blight on the yield, seed weight and seed discoloration of different market classes of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Boersma ◽  
A. Hou ◽  
C. L. Gillard ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
R. L. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Navy Beans ◽  
The Impact

Boersma, J. G., Hou, A., Gillard, C. L., McRae, K. B. and Conner, R. L. 2015. Impact of common bacterial blight on the yield, seed weight and seed discoloration of different market classes of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 703–710. Common bacterial blight (CBB) is a seed-borne disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), causing significant economic loss to growers due to reductions in seed yield and quality and the need to annually purchase disease-free seed. Over the past decade a number of breeding lines and cultivars with resistance to CBB have been developed in several bean market classes including navy, black and cranberry beans. A comparison of three susceptible navy bean cultivars and seven resistant navy, three black and one cranberry bean entries in Manitoba revealed that most resistant navy and black bean lines had significantly reduced the incidence of leaf symptoms and their mean yield losses were reduced to less than 17%, while those of the susceptible lines were as high as 36% under severe disease pressure. Only the weakly resistant navy bean cultivar HR67 and the cranberry bean line F4GR1 failed to substantially reduce CBB symptoms or show a yield advantage. The Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker PVctt001 in combination with Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) marker SU91 was associated with a low incidence of CBB symptoms and a reduced yield loss in five navy bean lines, but not in the cranberry bean line F4GR1. Disease symptoms on the pods in the resistant black and navy beans and seed discoloration of navy beans caused by CBB were also significantly reduced by resistance. Seed weights were reduced by 2.1–4.7% in the susceptible cultivars, but there was only a slight or no decrease or no effect on the seed weight of the CBB-resistant lines and cultivars. Generally the magnitude of the reductions in yield was much greater than the impact on seed weight, which suggests that yield losses were caused by a combination of reduced seed weight and the number of seeds per plant.

scholarly journals Combining ability for common bacterial blight resistance in snap and dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Dos Santos Trindade ◽  
Rosana Rodrigues ◽  
Antonio Teixeira do Amaral Junior ◽  
Leandro Simões Azeredo Gonçalves ◽  
José Marcelo Soriano Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Bacterial Blight Resistance ◽  
Dry Bean

AC Scarlet dry bean

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 731-732
Author(s):  
Hans-Henning Mündel ◽  
Ferdinand A. Kiehn ◽  
Gilles Saindon ◽  
Henry C. Huang
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
White Mold ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Red Bean

AC Scarlet is a high-yielding small red dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivar. AC Scarlet is well adapted to the eastern Canadian prairies and yielded significantly more than the check cultivar NW 63. AC Scarlet is susceptible to white mold and susceptible to common bacterial blight. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, small red bean, high yield

scholarly journals Using Breeding Populations With a Dual Purpose: Cultivar Development and Gene Mapping—A Case Study Using Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight in Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin J. Simons ◽  
Atena Oladzad ◽  
Robin Lamppa ◽  
Maniruzzaman ◽  
Phillip E. McClean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Breeding Populations

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important worldwide legume crop with low to moderate levels of resistance to common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. A total of 852 genotypes (cultivars, preliminary and advanced breeding lines) from the North Dakota State University dry bean breeding program were tested for their effectiveness as populations for genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genomic regions associated with resistance to CBB, to exploit the associated markers for marker-assisted breeding (MAB), and to identify candidate genes. The genotypes were evaluated in a growth chamber for disease resistance at both the unifoliate and trifoliate stages. At the unifoliate stage, 35% of genotypes were resistant, while 25% of genotypes were resistant at the trifoliate stage. Libraries generated from each genotype were sequenced using the Illumina platform. After filtering for sequence quality, read depth, and minor allele frequency, 41,998 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 30,285 SNPs were used in GWAS for the Middle American and Andean gene pools, respectively. One region near the distal end of Pv10 near the SAP6 molecular marker from the Andean gene pool explained 26.7–36.4% of the resistance variation. Three to seven regions from the Middle American gene pool contributed to 25.8–27.7% of the resistance, with the most significant peak also near the SAP6 marker. Six of the eight total regions associated with CBB resistance are likely the physical locations of quantitative trait loci identified from previous genetic studies. The two new locations associated with CBB resistance are located at Pv10:22.91–23.36 and Pv11:52.4. A lipoxgenase-1 ortholog on Pv10 emerged as a candidate gene for CBB resistance. The state of one SNP on Pv07 was associated with susceptibility. Its subsequent use in MAB would reduce the current number of lines in preliminary and advanced field yield trial by up to 14% and eliminate only susceptible genotypes. These results provide a foundational SNP data set, improve our understanding of CBB resistance in dry bean, and impact resource allocation within breeding programs as breeding populations may be used for dual purposes: cultivar development as well as genetic studies.

Identification of RAPD markers linked to common bacterial blight resistance genes in Phaseolus vulgaris L.

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghe Bai ◽  
T. E. Michaels ◽  
K. P. Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Linkage Group ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Interspecific Cross ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Total Contribution

Seven hundred and fifty-six random primers were screened with bulks of genomic DNA from common bacterial blight (CBB) resistant and susceptible bean plants. The plants were from a breeding population derived from an interspecific cross between Phaseolus acutifolius and Phaseolus vulgaris. Four RAPD markers, named R7313, RE416, RE49, and R4865, were found to be significantly associated with CBB resistance in this population. Forty-nine molecular markers segregating in the population were clustered into 8 linkage groups by a MAPMAKER linkage analysis. The largest linkage group was 140 cM long and contained 25 marker loci, including marker R4865. Markers R7313, RE416, and RE49 were clustered on another linkage group. A regression analysis indicated that the markers in these two groups together accounted for 81% of the variation in CBB resistance in the population. The addition of another marker, M56810, which was not individually associated with CBB resistance, increased the total contribution to the trait to 87%.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., common bacterial blight (CBB), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RAPD markers, linkage groups.

Comparison of Seed Transmission and Survival of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans in Common Bean Seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. He ◽  
G. P. Munkvold
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Seed Transmission ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Transmission Frequency ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Seed Health

Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Smith) Vauterin (Xap) and Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. fuscans Schaad et al. (Xff) cause indistinguishable symptoms known as common bacterial blight of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). These results confirm a higher disease incidence and seed transmission frequency of Xff compared to Xap and reinforce the need for seed health tests that can differentiate the two species. Accepted for publication 21 August 2013. Published 23 September 2013.

Mapping genetic factors affecting the reaction to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli in Phaseolus vulgaris L. under field conditions

Genome ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Tar'an ◽  
T E Michaels ◽  
K P Pauls
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Length Polymorphism ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the field effects of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap), which causes common bacterial blight (CBB) on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and to identify genetic factors for resistance to CBB using a linkage map constructed with random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), simple sequence repeat (SSR), and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. One hundred and forty-two F2:4 lines, derived from a cross between 'OAC Seaforth' and 'OAC 95-4', and the parents were evaluated for their field reaction to CBB. In the inoculated plots, the reaction to CBB was negatively correlated with seed yield, days to maturity, plant height, hypocotyl diameter, pods per plant, and harvest index. A reduction in seed yield and its components was observed when disease-free and CBB-inoculated plots were compared. The broad-sense heritability estimate of the reaction to CBB was 0.74. The disease segregation ratio was not significantly different from the expected segregation ratio for a single locus in an F2 generation. The major gene for CBB resistance was localized on linkage group (LG) G5. A simple interval mapping procedure identified three genomic regions associated with the reaction to CBB. One quantitative trait loci (QTL), each on LG G2 (BNG71DraI), G3 (BNG21EcoRV), and G5 (PHVPVPK-1) explained 36.3%, 10.2%, and 42.2% of the phenotypic variation for the reaction to CBB, respectively. Together, these loci explained 68.4% of the phenotypic variation. The relative positions of these QTL on the core common bean map and their comparison with the previous QTL for CBB resistance are discussed.Key words: common bean, molecular markers, common bacterial blight.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity and virulence of Ugandan isolates of common bacterial blight disease pathogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226
Author(s):  
J.K. Tugume ◽  
C. Osundwa ◽  
G. Tusiime ◽  
C.M. Mukankusi ◽  
A.M. Ssekamate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Bacterial Disease ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Local Varieties ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Intermediate Response ◽  
Bacterial Blight Disease ◽  
Blight Disease

Breeding for resistance is a major component in the integrated management of common bacterial disease of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Use of less virulent strains or strains with attenuated virulence may lead to selection of resistant genotypes with intermediate response, when exposed to more virulent strains of the pathogen. The objective of this study to identify and characterise Ugandan isolates of common bacterial blight disease-causing pathogens for virulence. Bacteria were isolated from leaf samples collected from districts of Kabale, Masaka, Bukomansimbi, Mubende, Mbale, Bulambuli and Apac, all in Uganda, during the first season of 2016. The bacteria were tested for pathogenicity, as well as virulence on both breeding and local varieties. The study identified three most virulent isolates, namely MBL020, KAB-3 and BUL-14, all belonging to Xathomonas citri pv fuscans. These isolates are very similar to those previously identified from Uganda (NCPB 670 and NCCPB 1402) more than 50 years ago. The study further revealed that NAROBEAN1, NAROBEAN 2, NAROBEAN 4, VAX 3, VAX5 and NE 2- 14- 8 had better resistance compared to other tested genotypes. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, Uganda, virulent strains

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