ORGANIC NITROGEN DISTRIBUTION IN SELECTED PEATS AND PEAT FRACTIONS

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. SOWDEN ◽  
H. MORITA ◽  
M. LEVESQUE
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Amino Sugar ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total N ◽  
Mesh Material ◽  
The Individual

The nitrogenous products formed by 6 N HCl hydrolysis of a variety of peats including a cultivated mesic profile, a virgin humic profile, a sedge, a woody and a sphagnum fibric peat were studied. Peat fractions separated according to particle size, woody and herbaceous materials isolated from a peat sample, and Typha and Carex plants growing on peat soils were also analyzed. Of the two profiles examined, the cultivated mesic peat showed significant quantitative changes in the content of individual amino acids throughout the profile. Also the amino sugar and amino acid N increased to a maximum, then decreased. On the other hand, the virgin humic peat profile exhibited random variations in the content of the individual amino acids and in the amount of amino acid N. Of the other peats examined, the fibric sphagnum had the highest percentage of amino acid N. Among the separates, the 100- to 200-mesh material had the highest proportion of amino acid N. The amino acid composition of the plant remains from the peat was similar to that of the peat from which it was isolated. The amino acid composition of the Typha and Carex plants was different from that of peat in that 75% of their total N content could be accounted for on the basis of amino acid, amide and amino sugar N. The amounts of hydroxyproline and the amino sugars in peats vary more than that of the amino compounds. In contrast to inorganic soils, which tend to have a similar amino acid composition, these limited data suggest that the amino acid and amino sugar contents of peats may be characteristic of individual bogs.

Amino acid composition of xylem and phloem sap varies in canola genotypes differing in nitrogen- and sulfur-use efficiency

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Balint ◽  
Zdenko Rengel
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Total N ◽  
Phloem Sap ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Use

There is little information on amino acid composition of xylem and phloem sap in canola genotypes differing in use efficiency of nitrogen (N) and/or sulfur (S). Four canola genotypes with either high or low N- and/or S-use efficiency indices were grown in a glasshouse using deficient or adequate N and/or S supply. Xylem sap was obtained by vacuum extraction 46 days after sowing. Phloem sap was collected via bleeding from the petioles of the maturing siliques 120 days after sowing. Among the genotypes, Wesway (N-use efficient) had the highest concentrations of total N, glutamine (235 mmol/L), and asparagine (14 mmol/L) in the xylem sap in the vegetative stage. In contrast, genotype Westar (classified previously as N-use inefficient) had the highest concentrations of most amino acids in the phloem sap among genotypes grown at deficient N supply. Compared with the other tested genotypes, Surpass 402 CL (S-use efficient) had a higher concentration of S, and Karoo (S-use inefficient) had higher concentrations of glutamate and methionine, in the xylem sap in the vegetative stage. Similarly, Karoo had a higher concentration of methionine under adequate S supply and of glutamate under deficient S in the phloem sap at maturity. In conclusion, in canola phloem sap, the most important amino acid for N transport is glutamine, and for S transport methionine and the glutathione-precursor glutamate. It does not appear there is a relationship between differential N- or S-use efficiency of canola genotypes and the concentration of N- or S-transporting amino acids in the phloem sap.

Amino acid composition of casein isolated from the milks of different species

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce H. Lauer ◽  
Bruce E. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Polar Bear ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fin Whale ◽  
Musk Ox

Casein was isolated from the milks of the following species: cow, horse, pig, reindeer, caribou, moose, harp seal, musk-ox, polar bear, dall sheep, and fin whale. The caseins were subjected to acid hydrolysis, the resultant amino acids were converted to their n-butyl-N-trifluoroacetyl esters, and the amino acid composition of the caseins was determined by gas chromatographic analysis of these esters. Notable among the results was the close similarity, with respect to amino acid composition, of reindeer and caribou caseins. The results of the amino acid analyses of the other caseins are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Nutritional value and amino acids composition of the mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) at different stages of its development

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Bąkowski ◽  
Ryszard Kosson
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Agaricus Bisporus ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Total N ◽  
Stage 4

The study of the nutritional value and amino acid composition of the mushroom (<i>Agaricus bisporus</i>) was carried out with the Somycel 653 strain cultivated on a synthetic compost containing rye straw, broiler chicken manure and gypsum. In 4 developmental stages of the whole fruit-bodies and the caps and stipes the following were determined: dry matter, vitamin C, nitrates, total nitrogen, crude protein (N × 4.38) and amino acid composition. It was observed that in all stages of development the levels of total N and crude protein are significantly higher in the caps than in the stipes. From the amino acid composition it appears that the caps of stage 4 contain the highest amounts of essential and total amino acids as compared with caps, stipes and whole sporophores found in any developmental stage. This is correlated with the opening of the mushrooms in stage 4. It was observed that the nitrates level tends, to be higher in the cap than in the stipe.

AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF THE PROTEINS OF THE MUSCLES AND ORGANS OF THE NORMAL, CASTRATED AND TESTOSTERONE TREATED GUINEA PIG

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Kochakian ◽  
John Hill ◽  
Giovanni Costa
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Androgen Treatment ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACT The protein of several muscles, liver, kidney, prostate, seminal vesicles and seminal vesicle fluid of normal, castrated and testosterone propionate or testosterone treated guinea pigs was prepared by either trichloracetic or perchloric acid treatment. The extracted and defatted proteins were hydrolysed with acid and the amino acid composition determined by ion exchange chromatography. Each tissue contained all of the commonly occurring amino acids. The seminal fluid also contained several other unidentified ninhydrin reacting compounds. The quantity of each acid changed in direct proportion with the changes in weight of the tissues produced by castration or androgen treatment. The nine different muscles analysed ranged in no dependency to very great dependency on androgen for normal growth but the amino acid composition of their proteins was practically identical. The quantity of the individual amino acids of the fluid of the seminal vesicles was very different from that of the organ.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE PEGANUM HARMALA AMINO ACID COMPOSITION GROWING IN AZERBAIJAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Tohfa Nasibova ◽  
Eldar Garaev
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Peganum Harmala ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Study

The aim of the research is a qualitative and quantitative study of the amino acid composition of Syrian rue (Peganum harmala, Nitrariaceae), growing in the natural conditions of the Azerbaijan Republic. After preliminary confirmation of the presence of amino acids, the plant parts were subjected to in-depth study by ion-exchange chromatography using post-column derivatization on a L-8800 amino acid analyzer (Hitachi, Ltd.). Amino acid analysis of the roots of P. harmala, conducted in the course of this study, was carried out by us for the first time. According to the results of the analysis, 18 amino acids were identified in the studied parts of P.harmala, 8 of which nonessential, 9 are essential and 3 are conditionally essential. The total amount of amino acids for the roots was 7.162%, seeds - 6.096%, and stems - 14.676%. From the individual amino acids in the underground organs of P. harmala, proline predominates (2.149%), and aspartic acid predominates in the stems and seeds (2.698% and 2.394%, respectively). The least detected amino acids are ornithine in the roots and stems (0.007% and 0.020%, respectively) and cysteine in the seeds (0.024%). Hydroxyproline was not found in the stems. At the same time, with the exception of proline, hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine and ornithine in the stems, the remaining amino acids were found to be higher than in other organs.

scholarly journals The Amino Acid Composition of Keratins

1955 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Merino Wool

The amino acid composition of 16-hr 6N HCI hydrolysates of three qualities of commercially classified wools has now been determined using the technique of Moore and Stein (1951). In this paper the results obtained on samples of Merino 70's and Corriedale 56's wool are compared with those previously reported for Merino wool of 64's quality. The overall pattern of the amino acid composition of the three wools is similar although small variations between the wools are observed with some of the amino acids.

scholarly journals Amino acid production in isolated rat liver mitochondria

1973 ◽  
Vol 134 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Ferdinand ◽  
W. Bartley ◽  
V. Broomhead
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Lipid Hydroperoxide ◽  
Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Cysteic Acid ◽  
Rat Liver Mitochondria ◽  
Isolated Mitochondria ◽  
Selective Retention

Amino acid analyses of mitochondrial membranes are compared with the amino acid composition of whole mitochondria (Alberti, 1964) and found to be very similar except in the cystine content. The composition of the endogenous amino acids found in freshly prepared mitochondria has been established and shown to differ considerably from the amino acid composition of membranes or whole mitochondria. The amino acids produced during anaerobic incubation of mitochondria at pH7.4, on the other hand, resemble the membrane in composition, supporting the view that neutral proteinase activity is responsible for their appearance. Aerobic incubation produces a similar pattern of amino acids except that amino acids such as proline, serine, asparagine, glutamic acid and glutamine, which can be metabolically utilized under aerobic conditions, are present to a smaller extent. The presence of large relative concentrations of endogenous taurine, cysteic acid and oxidized glutathione and the accumulation of taurine during incubation is found. The selective retention of taurine and cysteic acid within the mitochondria is established. It is proposed that the first step in the degeneration of isolated mitochondria results from lipid hydroperoxide accumulation caused by the lack of glutathione reductase in isolated mitochondria.

scholarly journals AMINO ACID COMPOSITION AND ELECTROPHORETIC PROPERTIES OF HYPERTENSIN I

1955 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard T. Skeggs ◽  
Walton H. Marsh ◽  
Joseph R. Kahn ◽  
Norman P. Shumway
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Isoelectric Point ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Ion Exchange Column

A preparation of hypertensin I was purified by countercurrent distribution and was shown to migrate as a single component in starch blocks at pH 9.3 and 4.2. It had an isoelectric point of 7.7. Quantitative analysis by ion exchange column chromatography showed eight amino acids in approximately unimolar proportion: aspartic, proline, valine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, and arginine. There were in addition two moles of histidine.

scholarly journals WRAP-based nanoparticles for siRNA delivery: a SAR study and a comparison with lipid-based transfection reagents

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karidia Konate ◽  
Emilie Josse ◽  
Milana Tasic ◽  
Karima Redjatti ◽  
Gudrun Aldrian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Gene Silencing ◽  
Amino Acid Composition ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Sirna Delivery ◽  
Cell Penetrating Peptides ◽  
Sirna Transfection ◽  
Arginine Residues ◽  
Sar Study

AbstractRecently, we designed novel amphipathic cell-penetrating peptides, called WRAP, able to transfer efficiently siRNA molecules into cells. In order to gain more information about the relationship between amino acid composition, nanoparticle formation and cellular internalization of these peptides composed of only three amino acids (leucine, arginine and tryptophan), we performed a structure–activity relationship (SAR) study. First, we compared our WRAP1 and WRAP5 peptides with the C6M1 peptide also composed of the same three amino acids and showing similar behaviors in siRNA transfection. Afterwards, to further define the main determinants in the WRAP activity, we synthesized 13 new WRAP analogues harboring different modifications like the number and location of leucine and arginine residues, the relative location of tryptophan residues, as well as the role of the α-helix formation upon proline insertions within the native WRAP sequence. After having compared the ability of these peptides to form peptide-based nanoparticles (PBNs) using different biophysical methods and to induce a targeted gene silencing in cells, we established the main sequential requirements of the amino acid composition of the WRAP peptide. In addition, upon measuring the WRAP-based siRNA transfection ability into cells compared to several non-peptide transfection agents available on the markets, we confirmed that WRAP peptides induced an equivalent level of targeted gene silencing but in most of the cases with lower cell toxicity as clearly shown in clonogenic assays.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document