Control of established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in a no-till corn (Zea mays L.) cropping sequence

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Swanton ◽  
K. Chandler ◽  
A. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
No Till ◽  
Cropping Sequence ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Fall Application ◽  
Methoxybenzoic Acid

Evaluation of several herbicides for the control of alfalfa and red clover in a legume-corn no-till system showed that spring burn-down of the legumes may be preferred to fall burn-down. Spring application gave similar or greater control of these species than fall applications. Treatments with dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid) at 0.6 kg ha−1 were the most effective in controlling red clover and alfalfa. Key words: Weed control, perennial legumes, spring application, fall application

Étude de l'influence des réserves azotées dans l'estimation par 15N de la fixation symbiotique d'une plante pérenne, Trifolium pratense

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-994
Author(s):  
Chantal Lescure ◽  
Alain Chalamet
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Dinitrogen Fixation ◽  
Dilution Technique ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Perennial Legumes ◽  
Kinetics Of

A 15N dilution technique is proposed to determine the role of nitrogen reserves in the plant on the estimation of dinitrogen fixation, during regrowth of perennial legumes. It is based on labelling of nitrogen compartments of the plant. Since the kinetics of utilization of nitrogen reserves of ryegrass (Lolium italicum L.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) appear similar, ryegrass would be a good control plant. Despite this observation, the comparison of two methods (based on two or three sources of nitrogen) to estimate dinitrogen fixation shows the difficulty in applying the technique using 15N-labelled substrate over earlier periods of regrowth. In this case, the 15N method described for determining symbiotic dinitrogen fixation could be applied in controlled conditions.

COLOR INFRARED AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY TO IDENTIFY FORAGE LEGUMES IN HAY FIELDS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. BASU
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Forage Legume ◽  
Image Characteristics ◽  
Mixed Crop ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Agricultural Areas

In September 1977 and 1978, color infrared (CIR) aerial photographs of mixed agricultural areas (approx. 132.7 km2) near Vernon and Carp, Ontario, and of forage legume test plots at Ottawa were taken at a scale of 1:6000. Extensive ground surveys were conducted within 2 wk after the photographic flights to verify CIR images of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), vetch (Vicia spp.) grasses and their mixtures in the original transparencies. A number of photographic image characteristics of legumes and grasses have been illustrated by which a reliable identification and subsequent quantification of legume components were made, particularly in fields that showed decline of a crop or when the individual components grew as separate patches in the same field. Photo-interpretation difficulties existed in distinguishing the components in a very uniformly mixed crop and recently cut fields.

Tillage and weed management effects on forage production in a barley-red clover rotation

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Légère ◽  
F. Craig Stevenson ◽  
Nathalie Samson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Weed Biomass ◽  
No Till ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L

Tillage and weed management practices used during the establishment year can likely affect for age yield during the subsequent production year(s). This study was conducted as part of a long-term experiment to determine the suitability of conservation tillage practices for red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) production on a Kamouraska clay from 1988 to 1995. Red clover was underseeded with spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in cropping systems including different tillage (MP: fall moldboard plow; CP: fall chisel plow; NT: no-till) and weed management (intensive, moderate, minimum) treatments applied during the establishment year. Red clover dry matter yields and weed biomass were measured twice in the subsequent forage production year. Tillage had no effect on red clover yields in 3 out of 7 yr. Yields were 16% greater with NT in 1 yr and 52% with MP tillage in 3 yr compared with other tillage treatments. Weed response to tillage was consistent over years. Dicot weed biomass increased as tillage intensity was reduced. Monocot biomass was much less with NT than with MP or CP treatments. Red clover yield was 11% greater with intensive weed management, but this yield increase was not associated with differences in dicot or monocot biomass during the forage production year. Red clover yield gain with intensive weed management would need to be weighed against economical and environmental costs to determine the relevance of increased herbicide use in a short-term cereal/forage rotation. Key words: Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), conservation tillage, no-till, forage legume

COMPARISON OF YIELD COMPONENTS OF RED CLOVER AND ALFALFA

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. BOWLEY ◽  
C. T. DOUGHERTY ◽  
N. L. TAYLOR ◽  
P. L. CORNELIUS
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Stem Development ◽  
Selection For

Yield components of five regrowth cycles, two in 1981 and three in 1982, of three red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) populations and three alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cultivars were compared in swards. Red clover left more stubble but produced less herbage and accumulated total yield (herbage, stubble and 10 cm depth root) at a slower rate than alfalfa during most regrowths. The percent leaf at flowering of red clover was similar to that of alfalfa. Maximum LAI declined during successive regrowths each year. Maximum crop growth rates were 30 and 34 g m−2 d−1 for red clover and alfalfa, respectively. Stem development (canopy height) followed patterns of accumulation of herbage yield. The initiation of stems was slower in red clover and stem populations were less than that of alfalfa. Selection for faster stem initiation rates, higher stem populations, and reduced partitioning of dry matter towards stem bases which would be left as stubble were suggested as ways of increasing the herbage yield of red clover.Key words: Trifolium pratense L., Medicago sativa L., yield components, growth analysis clover (red), alfalfa

A COMPARISON OF PROTEIN DEGRADATION DURING WILTING AND ENSILING OF SIX FORAGE SPECIES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 903-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. A. PAPADOPOULOS ◽  
B. D. McKERSIE
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Protein Hydrolysis ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Protein hydrolysis was examined during wilting and ensiling of first and second cut herbage of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.). During a 24-h wilting period, protein was hydrolyzed to soluble non-protein nitrogen (SNPN) more extensively in first cut than in second cut herbage. In both cuts the amount of protein hydrolysis occurring during wilting was greatest in alfalfa and least in red clover. After 30 days ensiling at 30 °C, SNPN content, expressed as percent of total nitrogen, was influenced by forage species, dry matter (DM) content, and cut. The extent of protein hydrolysis during ensiling was highest in alfalfa and lowest in red clover. In first cut silages, protein hydrolysis increased with DM content, but in the second cut silages, protein hydrolysis decreased as DM content increased. The amount of protein hydrolyzed during wilting or ensiling was not correlated with plant proteinase activity measured using azocasein as substrate. Consequently, the properties of the plant proteolytic enzymes associated with each species as well as the management of the forage prior to ensiling appear to influence the extent of proteolysis.Key words: Proteolysis, silage, haylage, proteinase

EFFECT OF THE ROOT-LESION NEMATODE ON YIELD OF FOUR FORAGE LEGUMES UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1969 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Willis ◽  
L. S. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Pratylenchus Penetrans ◽  
Lesion Nematodes ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Root Lesion Nematodes

Foliage yields of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), white clover (Trifolium repens L.), and birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) were reduced by root-lesion nematodes [Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Filip. and Stekh, 1941]. Foliage yields generally decreased with increased infestation levels. Significant yield reductions were recorded at the time of first cutting for white clover and birdsfoot trefoil, but not until several cuts later for red clover and alfalfa. Mean yields of birdsfoot trefoil, red clover, alfalfa, and white clover infested with 7,500 nematodes per pail were 50, 73, 83, and 93%, respectively, of control yields.

Protein degradation and ensiling characteristics of red clover and alfalfa wilted under varying levels of shade

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Owens ◽  
K. A. Albrecht ◽  
R. E. Muck
Keyword(s):  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Nonprotein Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Time Required

The conversion of protein nitrogen (PN) to nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) in forages occurs rapidly and extensively during wilting and ensiling. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the amount of time between cutting and ensiling affects protein degradation in red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage and to document pre- and post-ensiling characteristics of these two species. Forage from the second (24 August 1993), first (27 May 1994), and second (10 July 1995) growth cycles was harvested with hand clippers to a 5-cm stubble height between 09:00 and 10:00 h on each of the three harvest dates. Herbage was allowed to wilt to a targeted dry matter (DM) content of 350 g kg−1 under 0, 30, 73, and 100% shade (wilting treatment) and ensiled in 100-mL polypropylene centrifuge tubes. Time required to reach the desired DM varied each year, with the greatest range in drying times occurring in 1993. Starch was lower and sugar higher in fresh and wilted red clover than in alfalfa. Fresh red clover contained less NPN than alfalfa in 1993 and 1995 (P < 0.05) and similar amounts in 1994 (P > 0.05). Wilting treatment had no effect on NPN in wilted forage in 1994 and 1995, a result of nearly equal wilting times across shade levels. In 1993, however, NPN increased and starch decreased with shade. Within species, further protein hydrolysis during ensiling resulted in similar NPN levels in silage from all wilting treatments in 1993, despite differences in NPN in pre-ensiled wilted forage. Red clover silage consistently contained less NPN than alfalfa. Wilting treatments did not consistently affect sugar and starch concentrations of silage from either species, although there was a tendency for sugar and starch to decrease with longer wilting periods. Key words: alfalfa, red clover, protein degradation, ensiling

Forage chicory persists in combination with cool season grasses and legumes

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Kunelius ◽  
K. B. McRae
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L

Forage chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) was grown alone and in combination with various grasses and legumes for three production years to determine growth, botanical composition, and persistence. Chicory mixed with grasses and legumes produced greater yields than chicory alone. Mixtures of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) + white clover (Trifolium repens L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) + alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), and timothy + red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) in combination with chicory produced the highest dry matter yields. Persistence of chicory was adequate; it survived for three production years in the cold-winter region of Atlantic Canada. Including chicory in grass/legume swards improved the seasonal distribution of herbage and increased late season production. Key words: Botanical composition, Cichorium intybus L., combinations, mixtures, persistence, seasonal yield distribution

scholarly journals Comparison of the Polyphenolic Profile of Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. Sprouts in Different Germination Stages Using the UHPLC-Q Exactive Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Roxana Chiriac ◽  
Carmen Lidia Chiţescu ◽  
Daniela Borda ◽  
Mariana Lupoae ◽  
Cerasela Elena Gird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Estrogenic Activity ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Rapid Separation ◽  
Fragment Ions ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Identification And Quantification

Identification and quantification of polyphenols in plant material are of great interest since they make a significant contribution to its total bioactivity. In the present study, an UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS approach using the variable data acquisition mode (vDIA) was developed and applied for rapid separation, identification, and quantification of the main polyphenolic compounds in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. sprouts in different germination stages. Based on accurate MS data and fragment ions identification strategy, a total of 29 compounds were identified by comparing their accurate masses, fragment ions, retention times, and literatures. Additionally, a number of 30 compounds were quantified by comparing to the reference standards. Data were statistically analysed. For both plant species, the sprouts of the third germination day are valuable sources of bioactive compounds and could be used in phytotherapy and nutrition. Although Trifolium pratense L. (Red Clover) is considered to be a reference for natural remedies in relieving menopause disorders, alfalfa also showed a high level of biological active compounds with estrogenic activity.

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