scholarly journals Patient outcomes from lung cancer and diabetes mellitus: a matched case–control study

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. FSO248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina J Karlin ◽  
Shailja B Amin ◽  
Matthew R Buras ◽  
Heidi E Kosiorek ◽  
Patricia M Verona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Lung Cancer Incidence: A Matched Case-Control Study Nested in the ESTHER Cohort

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xīn Gào ◽  
Yang Xuan ◽  
Axel Benner ◽  
Ankita Anusruti ◽  
Hermann Brenner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Lung Cancer Incidence ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Nitrite Nitrate ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) may have a possible role in lung carcinogenesis. This study is aimed to evaluate the association of the NO metabolites, namely, nitrite and nitrate, with lung cancer incidence. We conducted a matched case-control study (n=245 incident lung cancer cases and n=735 controls) based on the German ESTHER cohort (n=9,940). Controls were matched to cases on age, sex, smoking status (never/former/current smoking), and pack-years of smoking. The sum of nitrite and nitrate was measured in urine samples using a colorimetric assay and was standardized for renal function by urinary creatinine. Conditional logistic regression models, adjusted for lifestyle factors, asthma prevalence, and family history of lung cancer, were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Among incident lung cancer cases, high nitrite/nitrate levels were statistically significantly associated with current smoking, a low BMI, and the oxidative stress biomarker 8-isoprostane levels. Nitrite/nitrate levels in the top quintile were statistically significantly associated with lung cancer incidence: the OR (95% CI) was 1.37 (1.04-1.82) for comparison with the bottom quintile. This association was unaltered after additional adjustment for 8-isoprostane levels and C-reactive protein (CRP). In conclusion, this large cohort study suggested that subjects with high urinary nitrite/nitrate concentrations had an increased risk of lung cancer and this association was independent of smoking, CRP, 8-isoprostane levels, and other established lung cancer risk factors. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and to confirm the hypothesis that pathologically high levels of NO are involved in lung cancer development.

scholarly journals Risk factors for primary lung cancer among never smokers by gender in a matched case–control study

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Li Lo ◽  
Chin-Fu Hsiao ◽  
Gee-Chen Chang ◽  
Ying-Huang Tsai ◽  
Ming-Shyan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Primary Lung Cancer ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood: a matched case control study in Lancashire and Cumbria, UK

2004 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1035-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Marshall ◽  
A. Chetwynd ◽  
J. A. Morris ◽  
M. Placzek ◽  
C. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Residential Radon Exposure and Cigarette Smoking in Association with Lung Cancer: A Matched Case-Control Study in Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2946
Author(s):  
Eung Joo Park ◽  
Hokyou Lee ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Seung Soo Sheen ◽  
Sang Baek Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Radon Exposure ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Residential Radon

Residential radon exposure and cigarette smoking are the two most important risk factors for lung cancer. The combined effects thereof were evaluated in a multi-center matched case-control study in South Korea. A total of 1038 participants were included, comprising 519 non-small cell lung cancer cases and 519 age- and sex- matched community-based controls. Residential radon levels were measured for all participants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for lung cancer according to radon exposure (high ≥ 100 Bq/m3 vs. low < 100 Bq/m3), smoking status, and combinations of the two after adjusting for age, sex, indoor hours, and other housing information. The median age of the participants was 64 years, and 51.3% were women. The adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for high radon and cigarette smoking were 1.56 (1.03–2.37) and 2.53 (1.60–3.99), respectively. When stratified according to combinations of radon exposure and smoking status, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for lung cancer in high-radon non-smokers, low-radon smokers, and high-radon smokers were 1.40 (0.81–2.43), 2.42 (1.49–3.92), and 4.27 (2.14–8.52), respectively, with reference to low-radon non-smokers. Both residential radon and cigarette smoking were associated with increased odds for lung cancer, and the difference in ORs according to radon exposure was much greater in smokers than in non-smokers.

scholarly journals Risk factors, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and patient outcomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: A matched case-control study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima A Alhussain ◽  
Fahad A Al Eidan ◽  
Sameera Al Johani ◽  
Motasim Badri
Keyword(s):  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Previous Surgery ◽  
Urethral Catheterization ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) is a leading nosocomial gram-negative pathogen associated with prolonged hospitalization, morbidity and mortality. Limited data exist regarding P.aeruginosa infection and outcome in patients managed in intensive care units (ICUs). We aimed to determine the risk factors, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and patient outcomes of P.aeruginosa infection. Methods In this matched case-control study, all P.aeruginosa infections that occurred >48 hours after hospital admission between January 31st 2016 and December 31st 2018 at ICUs affiliated with King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh were included. P.aeruginosa bacilli was confirmed using API 20E test and antimicrobial susceptibility using disk diffusion or Epsilometer test. Results The study included 90 cases and 90 controls. Compared with controls, cases had significantly higher mean ICU stay days, proportions of patients with previous history of antimicrobial therapy, coronary artery disease, malignancy, hemodialysis, previous surgery, use of central line, urethral catheterization, nasogastric tube, and tracheostomy. In a multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, factors independently associated with P.aeruginosa infection were ICU duration [Odds Ratio (OR)=9.05,95%CI 2.53-32.27, p=.001], previous surgery (OR=7.33,95%CI 1.66-32.36,p=.009), tracheostomy (OR=11.13,95%CI 1.05-118.59,p=.046), urethral catheterization (OR=7.38,95%CI 1.21-45.11,p=.030) and aminoglycoside drug class (OR=10.59,95%CI 1.14-98.13,p=.038). Of antimicrobial drugs used, highest proportion of resistance was calculated for patients receiving tigecycline (93.3%). Mortality was high in both groups but did not differ significantly: 54(60%) cases and 51(56.7%) controls; p=.650. Conclusions: The study identifies several modifiable factors associated with P.aeruginosa infection in ICUs. These factors are of paramount relevance for case identification, control measures, and optimal treatment strategies of P.aeruginosa infection in ICUs.

scholarly journals Residential Radon Exposure and Cigarette Smoking in Association with Lung Cancer: a Matched Case-control Study in Korea

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eung Joo Park ◽  
Hokyou Lee ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Seung soo Sheen ◽  
Sang Baek Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Radon Exposure ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Matched Case Control Study ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Residential Radon

Abstract Background: Residential radon exposure and cigarette smoking are the two most important risk factors for lung cancer. The combined effects thereof were evaluated in a multi-center matched case-control study in South Korea.Methods: A total of 1,038 participants were included, comprising 519 non-small cell lung cancer cases and 519 age- and sex- matched community-based controls. Residential radon levels were measured for all participants. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for lung cancer according to radon exposure (high ≥100 Bq/m3 vs. low <100 Bq/m3), smoking status, and combinations of the two after adjusting for age, sex, indoor hours, and other housing information.Results: The median age of the participants was 64 years, and 51.3% were women. The adjusted ORs (95% confidence intervals [CIs]) for high radon and cigarette smoking were 1.56 (1.03-2.37) and 2.53 (1.60-3.99), respectively. When stratified according to combinations of radon exposure and smoking status, the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) for lung cancer in high-radon non-smokers, low-radon smokers, and high-radon smokers were 1.40 (0.81-2.43), 2.42 (1.49-3.92), and 4.27 (2.14-8.52), respectively, with reference to low-radon non-smokers.Conclusion: Both residential radon and cigarette smoking were associated with increased odds for lung cancer, and the difference in ORs according to radon exposure was much greater in smokers than in non-smokers.

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