Molecular Strategies of Deoxynucleotide Triphosphate Supply Inhibition Used in the Treatment of Gynecologic Malignancies

AbstractObjectivesThe impact of insurance status on oncological outcome in patients undergoing cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) is poorly understood.MethodsRetrospective study on 31 patients having undergone 36 CRS-HIPEC at a single institution (safety-net hospital) between 2012 and 2018. Patients were categorized as insured or underinsured. Demographics and perioperative events were compared. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 20 patients were underinsured and 11 were insured. There were less gynecologic malignancies in the underinsured (p=0.02). On univariate analysis, factors linked to poor survival included gastrointestinal (p=0.01) and gynecologic malignancies (p=0.046), treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (p=0.03), CC1 (p=0.02), abdominal wall resection (p=0.01) and Clavien–Dindo 3-4 (p=0.01). Treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and abdominal wall resections, but not insurance status, were independently associated with OS (p=0.01, p=0.02 respectively). However, at the end of follow-up, six patients were alive in the insured group vs. zero in the underinsured group.ConclusionsIn this small, exploratory study, there was no statistical difference in OS between insured and underinsured patients after CRS-HIPEC. However, long-term survivors were observed only in the insured group.

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Small Non-Coding-RNA in Gynecological Malignancies

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13051085 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1085

Author(s):

Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi ◽

Geeta Rao ◽

Anindya Dey ◽

Priyabrata Mukherjee ◽

Jonathan D. Wren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Cancer ◽

Noncoding Rna ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

P Element ◽

Gynecologic Malignancies ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Gynecological Malignancies ◽

Non Coding Rna ◽

Therapeutic Research ◽

Regulatory Functions

Gynecologic malignancies, which include cancers of the cervix, ovary, uterus, vulva, vagina, and fallopian tube, are among the leading causes of female mortality worldwide, with the most prevalent being endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancer. Gynecologic malignancies are complex, heterogeneous diseases, and despite extensive research efforts, the molecular mechanisms underlying their development and pathology remain largely unclear. Currently, mechanistic and therapeutic research in cancer is largely focused on protein targets that are encoded by about 1% of the human genome. Our current understanding of 99% of the genome, which includes noncoding RNA, is limited. The discovery of tens of thousands of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), possessing either structural or regulatory functions, has fundamentally altered our understanding of genetics, physiology, pathophysiology, and disease treatment as they relate to gynecologic malignancies. In recent years, it has become clear that ncRNAs are relatively stable, and can serve as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as guide therapy choices. Here we discuss the role of small non-coding RNAs, i.e., microRNAs (miRs), P-Element induced wimpy testis interacting (PIWI) RNAs (piRNAs), and tRNA-derived small RNAs in gynecological malignancies, specifically focusing on ovarian, endometrial, and cervical cancer.

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Pelvic Exenteration for recurrent or advanced gynecologic malignancies – analysis of outcome and complications

Gynecologic Oncology Reports ◽

10.1016/j.gore.2021.100757 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 100757

Author(s):

L. ter Glane ◽

A. Hegele ◽

U. Wagner ◽

J. Boekhoff

Keyword(s):

Pelvic Exenteration ◽

Gynecologic Malignancies

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Gynecologic Malignancies in Children and Adolescents: How Common is the Uncommon?

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10040722 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 722

Author(s):

Christoph Wohlmuth ◽

Iris Wohlmuth-Wieser

Keyword(s):

Pediatric Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Population Based ◽

Prognostic Indicators ◽

Gynecologic Malignancies ◽

Kaplan Meier ◽

Disease Stages ◽

Malignant Germ Cell Tumors ◽

Vaginal Neoplasms

The aim of this study is to assess the projected incidence and prognostic indicators of gynecologic malignancies in the pediatric population. In this population-based retrospective cohort study, girls ≤18 years with ovarian, uterine, cervical, vaginal and vulvar malignancies diagnosed between 2000 and 2016 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER)-18 registry. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze overall survival (OS). The age-adjusted annual incidence of gynecologic malignancies was 6.7 per 1,000,000 females, with neoplasms of the ovary accounting for 87.5%, vagina 4.5%, cervix 3.9%, uterus 2.5% and vulva 1.6% of all gynecologic malignancies. Malignant germ-cell tumors represented the most common ovarian neoplasm, with an increased incidence in children from 5–18 years. Although certain subtypes were associated with advanced disease stages, the 10-year OS rate was 96.0%. Sarcomas accounted for the majority of vaginal, cervical, uterine and vulvar malignancies. The majority of vaginal neoplasms were observed in girls between 0–4 years, and the 10-year OS rate was 86.1%. Overall, gynecologic malignancies accounted for 4.2% of all malignancies in girls aged 0–18 years and the histologic subtypes and prognosis differed significantly from patients in older age groups.

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