Effect of the 70% ethanol extract of Tetragonia tetragonioides on immunoreactivity in ovariectomized mouse model

Vaccinium vitis-idaea, commonly known as lingonberry, has been identified among species used by the Cree of Eeyou Istchee of northern Quebec to treat symptoms of diabetes. In a previous study, the ethanol extract of berries ofV. vitis-idaeaenhanced glucose uptake in C2C12 muscle cells via stimulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of plant extract in a dietary mouse model of mild type 2 diabetes. C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD, ∼35% lipids) for 8 weeks that become obese and insulin-resistant (diet-induced obesity, DIO) were used. Treatment began by addingV. vitis-idaeaextract to HFD at 3 different concentrations (125, 250, and 500 mg/Kg) for a subsequent period of 8 weeks (total HFD, 16 weeks). The plant extract significantly decreased glycemia and strongly tended to decrease insulin levels in this model. This was correlated with a significant increase in GLUT4 content and activation of the AMPK and Akt pathways in skeletal muscle.V. vitis-idaeatreatment also improved hepatic steatosis by decreasing hepatic triglyceride levels and significantly activated liver AMPK and Akt pathways. The results of the present study confirm thatV. vitis-idaearepresents a culturally relevant treatment option for Cree diabetics and pave the way to clinical studies.

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Protective Effect of Cicer arietinum L. (Chickpea) Ethanol Extract in the Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 456 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mia Kim ◽

Kyung-Sook Chung ◽

Se-Jung Hwang ◽

Ye Seul Yoon ◽

Young Pyo Jang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mouse Model ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Cicer Arietinum ◽

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Activity Index ◽

Disease Activity Index ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Spleen Weight ◽

Protective Effects

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a major risk factor of colorectal cancer. Drugs currently used for IBD exhibit adverse effects including vomiting, nausea, and diarrhea. Naturally derived novel alternative therapies are required to overcome these limitations. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of ethanol extract of Cicer arietinum (CEE) in a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse model of colitis. CEE markedly improved DSS-induced clinical symptoms and histological status, such as the disease activity index, spleen weight, and colon length. Moreover, CEE-treated mice showed significant recovery of DSS-induced crypt damage and cell death. CEE suppressed myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and macrophage marker F4/80 mRNA expression in colonic tissue of mice with DSS-induced colitis, indicating neutrophil infiltration and macrophage accumulation, respectively. Although DSS upregulated pro-inflammatory mediators and activated transcription factors, CEE downregulated the mRNA expression of cytokines including interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α, protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, as well as activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Hence, our findings reveal that the anti-inflammatory properties of CEE, involving the downregulation of the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by inactivating NF-κB and STAT3 in DSS-induced colitis mice.

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