scholarly journals Heavy Metals in an Important Section of the São Francisco River (Northeast Brazil): Distribution Profile, Accumulation Mechanisms, and Risks of Dissemination through the Food Chain

2017 ◽  
Vol 05 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pereira MDG ◽  
Souza CLM ◽  
Sachdev RDL ◽  
Santos AVD ◽  
Pinto PADC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Distribution Profile ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River

scholarly journals Sediment input from the São Francisco River bank, Northeast Brazil, under low discharge period

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Sandro Rodrigues Holanda ◽  
Maria Hosana dos Santos ◽  
Janisson Batista de Jesus ◽  
Wadson De Menezes Santos ◽  
Edinaldo De Oliveira Alves Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Sediment Supply ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
Soil Bioengineering ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Sediment Input ◽  
Bioengineering Techniques

The objective of this study was to evaluate the input of suspended sediment from the slope toe in the São Francisco River channel, in Northeast Brazil, under different soil bioengineering techniques. Sediments were collected in the years of 2013, 2014 and 2015, in five transects crossing the river channel. Sediment input in the sampling points was higher in the year of 2013, i.e., the year of the highest river discharge. Sediment supply to the river channel for a period of 3 years (2013, 2014 and 2015), was evaluated at 20, 40 and 60% depth, along five different transects (P1= riverbank, P2= beginning of the thalweg, P3= middle of the thalweg, P4= end of the thalweg, and P5 = margin of the side sandybar), oriented by the presence or absence of erosion control techniques (treatments) such as: 1-Natural Vegetated Slope; 2-Vegetated Riprap; 3-Eroded Slope; 4-Live Cribwall and 5-Vetiver grass Contour Line. Sediments input was different in all evaluated transects, and the one identified as Eroded Slope at 20% depth presented the lowest amount of suspended sediment load. There was a decrease in the total amount of suspended sediment in the evaluated periods, probably due to the progressive decrease in the river discharge, and the protection provided by the soil bioengineering techniques.

O RECIFE E O CENTENáRIO DE DELMIRO GOUVEIA EM PERNAMBUCO (1963)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
DILTON Cá‚NDIDO SANTOS MAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Hydropower Potential ◽  
National Hero ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
The City

Resumo: O artigo analisa as comemorações do centenário de Delmiro Gouveia, ocorridas em 1963. Considerado um mártir na luta contra brasileira o capital estrangeiro, o empreendedor pioneiro no aproveitamento do potencial hidrelétrico do rio São Francisco e o modernizador dos sertões alagoanos, Delmiro foi retomado como um á­cone nacionalista num contexto em que se discutiam os rumos para o desenvolvimento do Nordeste. As comemorações do seu centenário de nascimento, ocorridas em Pernambuco, envolveram esforços para atribuir ao ”coronel dos coronéis” o epá­teto de pioneiro na redenção regional. As diversas atividades constituintes destas celebrações revelam um embate não só pela confecção da memória do homenageado, bem como uma tensão entre transformá-lo em um herói nacional e utilizar a sua biografia para acentuar as particularidades do povo nordestino. Neste texto, o alvo das atenções é a ”Semana Delmiro Gouveia” (SDG), organizada pelo Instituto Joaquim Nabuco de Pesquisas Sociais (IJNPS), localizado no Recife, Pernambuco. Ali estiveram reunidos alguns dos principais estudiosos de Gouveia que, sob a coordenação de Gilberto Freyre e Mauro Mota, apresentaram as suas interpretações sobre a vida e a obra do ”Coronel dos Coronéis”. Palavras-chave: Delmiro Gouveia, Comemoração, Nordeste Brasileiro.  THE CITY OF RECIFE AND THE DELMIRO GOUVEIA CENTENARY IN PERNAMBUCO (1963)Abstract: This article analyzes the centenary celebrations of Delmiro Gouveia, occurred in 1963. Considered a martyr in the fight against Brazilian foreign capital, the pioneering entrepreneur in harnessing the hydropower potential of São Francisco River and the modernizing of Alagoas backwoods, Delmiro was included as a nationalist icon in a context in which they discussed the directions for the Northeast development. The celebrations of his centenary birth, occurred in Pernambuco, had involved efforts to give him the epithet pioneer in regional redemption. The various constituent activities of these celebrations reveal a clash not only by creation of the honoree's memory as well as a tension between turn it into a national hero and use his biography to emphasize the particularities of the northeastern people. This paper is mostly about the "Delmiro's Gouveia Week", organized by the Institute for Social Research Joaquim Nabuco, located in Recife, State of Pernambuco. In this place gathered some of the leading scholars of Gouveia, who, under the coordination of Gilberto Freyre and Mauro Mota, presented their interpretations of the life and work of biggest colonel in Brazilian history. Keywords: Delmiro Gouveia , Celebration, Northeast Brazil.  

scholarly journals Sporolithon franciscanum sp. nov. (Sporolithales, Rhodophyta), a New Rhodolith-Forming Species from Northeast Brazil

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Alfredo S. Leão ◽  
Ricardo G. Bahia ◽  
Michel B. Jesionek ◽  
Walter H. Adey ◽  
Gabriel Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Drainage Basin ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Coralline Algae ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
The World

This paper describes Sporolithon franciscanum, a new rhodolith-forming species of non-geniculate coralline algae found at depths between 47–52 m near the São Francisco river mouth, the second largest and the most extensive drainage basin in Brazil, and also at the Abrolhos Bank, in the world´s largest rhodolith beds. DNA sequences from plastidial psbA and rbcL markers indicate that the species is unique compared to all other Sporolithon species that have thus far been sequenced. Since morpho-anatomical features of the new species are shared with some other Sporolithon species, its identification was only confirmed by DNA sequences.

scholarly journals METAIS PESADOS E QUALIDADE DA AGUA DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO NO SEGMENTO ENTRE TRÊS MARIAS E PIRAPORA - MG: ÍNDICE DE CONTAMINAÇÃO

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizêne Veloso Ribeiro ◽  
Antônio Pereira Magalhães Junior ◽  
Adolf Heinrich Horn ◽  
Wallace Magalhães Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Icp Oes ◽  
Dissolved Metals ◽  
Contamination Index ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River

Este trabalho apresenta resultados da avaliação da qualidade da água na secção do Rio São Francisco no segmento entre Três Marias e Pirapora. Foram monitorados parâmetros físico-químicos e os elementos Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Ba, Ni, Al, Mn, Ca, Mg e Fe durante um ano; as concentrações dos metais foram obtidas por leitura em ICP-OES. Vários elementos apresentaram altos níveis de contaminação nas áreas urbano-industriais de Três Marias e Pirapora. No segmento de influência rural entre os dois centros urbanos e a jusante de Pirapora, foram observadas alterações para os metais pesados (Cd, Cu, Cr, Co e Ni), que evidenciam a necessidade de um estudo de contaminação dos solos agrícolas, principalmente irrigados, na região. A variação sazonal marca a diferença da qualidade da água no segmento no que se refere aos metais em suspensão com maiores concentrações na estação chuvosa. O Índice de Contaminação foi definido pela razão entre a concentração encontrada e os limites ambientais da Resolução Conama 357/2005. Os resultados evidenciam a degradação da qualidade da água nos centros urbano-industriais, cujos altos Ic decorrem das elevadas concentrações de Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr e Ni. Chamam atenção principalmente os valores que foram obtidos para os metais dissolvidos devido à maior possibilidade de efeitos tóxicos.. Ressalta-se a necessidade de intervenção nas áreas de maior Ic adjacentes aos centros urbano-industriais visando a melhorar a qualidade da água e responder à população local que tem forte relação com o Rio São Francisco.Palavras-chave: Metais Pesados, Qualidade da Água, Índice de Contaminação, Rio São Francisco e Uso do Solo. ABSTRACT: HEAVY METALS AND WATER QUALITY OF THE SÃO FRANCISCO RIVER IN SEGMENT BETWEEN TRÊS MARIAS AND PIRAPORA –MG: INDEX OF CONTAMINATION. This work presents heavy metal concentration measurements taken across a section of the São Francisco River, between Três Marias and Pirapora, to evaluate water quality. The physicochemical parameters and the elements Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, Cu, Ba, Ni, Al, Mn, Ca, Mg and Fe were monitored during a one year period; the concentration levels of metals were determined by ICP-OES. High contamination levels were found for many elements in Três Marias and Pirapora urban-industrial areas. The section under rural influence, located between the two urban areas and downstream from Pirapora, presented anomalous heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Cr, Co and Ni) readings. That indicates that soil contamination studies are needed, especially on irrigated soil, in agricultural areas within the region. The index is defined by the ratio between the concentrations found which results from environmental limits established by Resolution CONAMA 357/2005. The results show the degradation of water quality in urban-industrial centers, which high rates of contamination result from high concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr and Ni. The values obtained for dissolved metals are especially worth of attention, due to the greater risk of toxic effects caused by them. We stress the need for intervention in the areas showing the highest contamination index - which are located next to urban-industrial centers - to improve water quality and meet the expectations of the locals, whose lives are strongly intertwined with the São Francisco River.Keywords: Heavy Metals, Water Quality, Contamination Index, São Francisco River and Soil Use

scholarly journals COMPARAÇÃO DA CONCENTRAÇÃO DE METAIS PESADOS NAS ÁGUAS DO RIO SÃO FRANCISCO EM TRÊS MARIAS, DESDE 1991 ATÉ HOJE, RELACIONANDO A ATUAÇÃO DA CMM-TRÊS MARIAS.

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara Regina de Oliveira ◽  
Adolf Heinrich Horn
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
Influence Area ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Water Ph

The aim was to evaluate some heavy metals contamination level (Zn, Cd, Pb) and water PH on SãoFrancisco river in Tres Marias, between the CEMIG dam and Barra do Retiro Velho, an area underCMM (Companhia Mineira de Metais) influence, comparing concentration values in 1991 and 2003/2006. Sample waters were collected from some places once contaminated by CMM – CompanhiaMineira de Metais, which, for years, since it begins operating in 1969, threw all industrial efluents innatura in São Francisco River. In 1991 Fachoschule München students researched the CMM surroundingarea and found high values of heavy metals on water. Water sampling followed Standard Methods forthe Water and Wastewater (APHA 1992) and Sample waters Collect and Preservation Guide fromCETESB (1988) and were performed in 4 sampling campaigns. Metals contents were analised byICP-AES on IGC/UFMG Research Centre and conductivity and PH were measured in situ by Digimed,DM 20 device. ZN concentraction leval was above legal level on sample points took in waters ofBarreiro Grande brook and São Francisco river, soon after the water returning point, on left bank andon Consciência brook confluence, which value is 25 times higher than the limit established byCONAMA 357. In comparison with sampled points in 1991, we had then much more elevated values,because CMM does not take care about its effluents deposition. ZN, Cd and Pb had high concentrationson CMM influence area, on the river right bank, this means, in points that receive direct effluentsfrom CMM, and more distant points on the same bank, showing that these metals are carried insoluble form, before precipitating with sediment. After Consciência brook, Zn level graduallydiminishes. One can conclude that CMM’s use of a more appropriate effluent treatment led to a levelreduction of these metals on superficial waters, what is indicated by data interpretation. Nevertheless,we must remember that metals on sediments are still present on the area, as it precipitate amongorganic matter, clay minerals and Fe and Mn oxids and hydroxids, and can suffer ressobilization towater form with changing of physical-chemical water conditions – PH changes, for instance. 

scholarly journals Seasonal study of concentration of heavy metals in waters from lower São Francisco River basin, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Souza ◽  
A. M. Salviano ◽  
J. F. B. Melo ◽  
W. P. Felix ◽  
C. S. Belém ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Gradual Increase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Hydrographic Network

Abstract In this study we determined the concentration of metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the water lower São Francisco River basin, to evaluate the influence of urbanization and industrialization on environmental changes in the water resource. All samples were analyzed using the IUPAC adapted method and processed in an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The sampling stations located near the industrial areas were influenced by industrialization because they presented higher concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni and Cu. The other sampled locations showed changes with regard the trace elements probably originating in the soil, like Fe, Zn and Pb. There was a gradual increase in the concentrations of metals, in general, in the period of highest rainfall of the hydrographic network. Overall, except for Zn and Mn, the trace elements exceeded the maximum allowed value established by national legislation (CONAMA). Lower São Francisco River basin has suffered interference from urbanization and industrialization, so awareness programs should be developed so as to control and lessen future problems.

scholarly journals Local representations of change and conservation of the riparian forests along the São Francisco River (Northeast Brazil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taline Cristina da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Alves Ramos ◽  
Maria Luiza Schwarz ◽  
Ivan André Alvarez ◽  
Lúcia Helena Piedade Kill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
Local Representations

Drought and water policies in Northeast Brazil: backgrounds and rationale

Water Policy ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Nilson B. Campos ◽  
Ticiana Marinho de Carvalho Studart
Keyword(s):  
Historical Review ◽  
Crystalline Rocks ◽  
Northeast Brazil ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Water Basin ◽  
Water Policies ◽  
Sao Francisco River ◽  
São Francisco River ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Long Time

The drought in Northeast Brazil has been the object of many studies and debates. The theme is controversial, with lots of facets and has been under discussion for a long time. After the 1877 drought, which lasted three years and caused the death of hundreds of thousands of people, the search for an understanding of the phenomenon and for its possible solution has been intensified. Experts and lots of non-experts took part in that process, proposing solutions or just giving their opinion. Many of them contributed and aggregated new knowledge and views. A small number of others, in fact, proposed very exotic solutions. This paper provides an historical review of how the issue has been addressed and makes a conceptual approach classifying the solutions and analyzing the efficiency of them. Some proposals are described, such as: the use of camels, crystalline rocks’ blasting, investment for drought forecast processes, damming and irrigation policies and water basin transfer from São Francisco River.

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