Contribution of the Neuroanatomy of the Cingulate Gyrus to the Neuroscientific Approach to Depression

Abstract Study objectives Emotional reactivity to negative stimuli has been investigated in insomnia, but little is known about emotional reactivity to positive stimuli and its neural representation. Methods We used 3T fMRI to determine neural reactivity during the presentation of standardized short, 10-40-s, humorous films in insomnia patients (n=20, 18 females, aged 27.7 +/- 8.6 years) and age-matched individuals without insomnia (n=20, 19 females, aged 26.7 +/- 7.0 years), and assessed humour ratings through a visual analogue scale (VAS). Seed-based functional connectivity was analysed for left and right amygdala networks: group-level mixed-effects analysis (FLAME; FSL) was used to compare amygdala connectivity maps between groups. Results fMRI seed-based analysis of the amygdala revealed stronger neural reactivity in insomnia patients than in controls in several brain network clusters within the reward brain network, without humour rating differences between groups (p = 0.6). For left amygdala connectivity, cluster maxima were in the left caudate (Z=3.88), left putamen (Z=3.79) and left anterior cingulate gyrus (Z=4.11), while for right amygdala connectivity, cluster maxima were in the left caudate (Z=4.05), right insula (Z=3.83) and left anterior cingulate gyrus (Z=4.29). Cluster maxima of the right amygdala network were correlated with hyperarousal scores in insomnia patients only. Conclusions Presentation of humorous films leads to increased brain activity in the neural reward network for insomnia patients compared to controls, related to hyperarousal features in insomnia patients, in the absence of humor rating group differences. These novel findings may benefit insomnia treatment interventions.

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Relationship between the septum and the cingulate gyrus in Macaca mulatta

The Journal of Comparative Neurology ◽

10.1002/cne.901460404 ◽

1972 ◽

Vol 146 (4) ◽

pp. 465-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Thomas L. Kemper ◽

Sanford J. Wright ◽

Simeon Locke

Keyword(s):

Macaca Mulatta ◽

Cingulate Gyrus

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Assessment of the effects of cingulate gyrus lesions by neuropsychological techniques

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1978.49.2.0264 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 264-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Charles J. Long ◽

Katherine Pueschel ◽

Samuel E. Hunter

Keyword(s):

Test Performance ◽

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

Objective Measures ◽

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Emotional Status ◽

Significant Deterioration ◽

Content Type ◽

Fine Print ◽

Cortical Functions

✓ Nineteen psychiatric patients undergoing bilateral cryogenic cingulate cortex lesions were extensively evaluated pre- and postoperatively with objective measures of intelligence, higher cortical functions, memory, and emotional status. Following surgery the patients as a group revealed no significant deterioration of functions; rather, they demonstrated improvement that could be interpreted as the result of decline in anxiety. Investigations of individual patients revealed that the overall test performance was improved in 13 and substantially unchanged in three, whereas three demonstrated some decline in performance. These results were discussed in terms of the characteristics of the changes across the various tests.

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Altered Functional Connectivity Patterns of Parietal Subregions Contribute to Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients with White Matter Hyperintensities

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-210315 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Qiang Wei ◽

Shanshan Cao ◽

Yang Ji ◽

Jun Zhang ◽

Chen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

White Matter ◽

Functional Connectivity ◽

White Matter Hyperintensities ◽

Parietal Lobe ◽

Small Vessel Disease ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Anterior Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Resting State Functional Connectivity

Background: The white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are considered as one of the core neuroimaging findings of cerebral small vessel disease and independently associated with cognitive deficit. The parietal lobe is a heterogeneous area containing many subregions and play an important role in the processes of neurocognition. Objective: To explore the relationship between parietal subregions alterations and cognitive impairments in WHMs. Methods: Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) analyses of parietal subregions were performed in 104 right-handed WMHs patients divided into mild (n = 39), moderate (n = 37), and severe WMHs (n = 28) groups according to the Fazekas scale and 36 healthy controls. Parietal subregions were defined using tractographic Human Brainnetome Atlas and included five subregions for superior parietal lobe, six subregions for inferior parietal lobe (IPL), and three subregions for precuneus. All participants underwent a neuropsychological test battery to evaluate emotional and general cognitive functions. Results: Differences existed between the rs-FC strength of IPL_R_6_2 with the left anterior cingulate gyrus, IPL_R_6_3 with the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, and the IPL_R_6_5 with the left anterior cingulate gyrus. The connectivity strength between IPL_R_6_3 and the left anterior cingulate gyrus were correlated with AVLT-immediate and AVLT-recognition test in WMHs. Conclusion: We explored the roles of parietal subregions in WMHs using rs-FC. The functional connectivity of parietal subregions with the cortex regions showed significant differences between the patients with WMHs and healthy controls which may be associated with cognitive deficits in WMHs.

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CHANGES IN ANTERIOR CINGULATE GYRUS MORPHOLOGY ARE CORRELATED WITH TYPICAL NEUROLEPTIC USE IN SUBJECTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA.

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.1097/00042871-200311000-00022 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

pp. 337

Author(s):

A Kopelman ◽

P Nopoulos ◽

N C Andreasen

Keyword(s):

Anterior Cingulate ◽

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Anterior Cingulate Gyrus

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Awake Transcortical Approach Resection of Dominant Posterior Cingulate Gyrus Glioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

Operative Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/ons/opy347 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. E19-E20 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N U Farrukh Hameed ◽

Bin Wu ◽

Fangyuan Gong ◽

Jie Zhang ◽

Hong Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Posterior Cingulate ◽

Posterior Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Transcortical Approach

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Volumetric reduction in various cortical regions of elderly patients with early-onset and late-onset mania

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610210000633 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 149-154 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Shou-Hung Huang ◽

Shang-Ying Tsai ◽

Jung-Lung Hsu ◽

Yi-Lin Huang

Keyword(s):

Elderly Patients ◽

Early Onset ◽

Late Onset ◽

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Posterior Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Left Caudate ◽

Cortical Regions ◽

The Right ◽

Bipolar Patients ◽

Left Middle

ABSTRACTBackground: Few studies have examined alterations of the brain in elderly bipolar patients. As late-onset mania is associated with increased cerebrovascular morbidity and neurological damage compared with typical/early-onset mania, we investigated differences in the volume of various cortical regions between elderly patients with early-onset versus late-onset mania.Methods: We recruited 44 bipolar patients aged over 60 years, who underwent volumetric magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5 T. The analytic method is based on the hidden Markov random field model with an expectation-maximization algorithm. We determined the volume of each cortical region as a percentage of the total intracranial volume. The cutoff age for defining early versus late onset was 45 years.Results: The study participants consisted of 25 patients with early-onset mania and 19 patients with late-onset mania; their mean ages were 65.7 years and 62.8 years, respectively. The demographic variables of the two groups were comparable. The volumes of the left caudate nucleus (p = 0.022) and left middle frontal gyrus (p = 0.013) were significantly greater and that of the right posterior cingulate gyrus (p = 0.019) was significantly smaller in the late-onset group. More patients with late-onset mania had comorbid cerebrovascular disease (p = 0.072).Conclusions: The right posterior cingulate gyrus is smaller and the left caudate nucleus and left middle frontal gyrus are larger in patients with late-onset mania compared with those with early-onset mania. Volumetric change in brain regions may vary in elderly bipolar patients with early and late-onset mania.

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Cerebral Mechanisms in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s1092852900006179 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (7) ◽

pp. 44-46

Author(s):

Juan Carlos Goldar ◽

Dario Rojas ◽

Mariano Outes

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Brain Lesion ◽

Brain Lesions ◽

Cingulate Gyrus ◽

Cerebral Function ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Level Change ◽

Clinical Level ◽

Cerebral Mechanisms

AbstractBrain lesions cause different level change in cerebral function. They may conflict with the existing antagonistic mechanisms between the dorsal and ventral brain. At a clinical level, a dorsal brain lesion may constitute praxis disorders, while a ventral lesion may represent preventive inhibition. Further instinctive symptoms originate in the cingulate gyrus and its connections with the thalamic peduncle. This area may be an importan obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) pathway, that is utilized therapeutically during neurosurgical interventions in OCD.

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