Performance of Rear Seat Belt Restraints

1989 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey B. Wheeler

Keyword(s):

Seat Belt ◽

Rear Seat ◽

Design Features ◽

Case Examples ◽

Current Design ◽

History Of ◽

And Performance ◽

Belt Restraints ◽

Belt System

Front seat, rear seat, lap only and combination lap/shoulder belt restraints are analyzed for their effectiveness in injury mitigation. The question arises, have seat belt designs satisfactorily progressed over the years and can the performance of some current design features be improved? This paper reviews the history of seat belt development and the performance of some current design features. Specific interest is paid to 1) type 1 lap belt performance as seen in most rear seats and, 2) the current shoulder harness tension eliminator, window shade/comfort feature, in U.S. domestic automobiles, This paper reviews some case examples where seat belt design and performance in these areas can be significantly improved. Installation requirements of rear seat shoulder belts have recently been addressed by NHTSA. The tension-eliminator or window shade/comfort feature introduces slack into the system. The effect of slack on the performance of a lap/ shoulder belt system is examined

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Rear seat belt use in the United Arab Emirates

Policy and Practice in Health and Safety ◽

10.1080/14773996.2018.1560990 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 3-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Salaheddine Bendak ◽

Sara S. Alnaqbi

Keyword(s):

United Arab Emirates ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Rear Seat ◽

Seat Belt Use

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Estimating the Effect of Standard Enforcement of a Rear Seat Belt Law for Rear Seat Fatality Prevention

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198118790131 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2672 (33) ◽

pp. 67-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel J. Findley ◽

Morgan Sanchez ◽

Timothy Nye

Keyword(s):

Injury Severity ◽

Reporting System ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Rear Seat ◽

Previous Literature ◽

Seat Belts ◽

Vehicle Collisions ◽

Practice Standard ◽

Seat Belt Use

Data were collected from the NHTSA’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System to analyze the link between primary enforcement of rear seat belt use and injury severity in fatal vehicle collisions. Specifically, this study predicted the amount of fatalities that may have been prevented had there been standard enforcement of a rear seat belt law in effect. Previous literature concludes that increasing seat belt use will decrease injury severity in collisions and the primary enforcement of seat belts laws will increase seat belt use by approximately 14%. This study recorded and compared the number of rear seat fatalities in states that did and did not have primary enforcement laws for rear seat occupants. The results indicated that, on average, for every properly restrained rear seat fatality there are 0.45 more rear seat fatalities in states without primary enforcement than states with primary enforcement. It also predicts that the states that do not practice standard seat belt enforcement could have seen approximately 772 to 1,032 fatalities prevented from 2011 to 2015, had there been primary rear seat belt enforcement. This corresponds to an estimated national crash cost savings of $8.6 billion, or $1.7 billion annually.

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Fatal side impact crash scenarios for rear seat and seat belt–restrained occupants from vulnerable populations

Traffic Injury Prevention ◽

10.1080/15389588.2019.1641598 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (sup2) ◽

pp. S50-S56

Author(s):

Seth M. Fein ◽

Jessica S. Jermakian ◽

Kristy B. Arbogast ◽

Matthew R. Maltese

Keyword(s):

Vulnerable Populations ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Rear Seat ◽

Side Impact

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Influence of Vehicle Restraint System Design on the Kinematics and Neck Forces of a Rear Seat Small Occupant

ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/sbc2011-53779 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Donald S. Burke ◽

Martha W. Bidez ◽

Kathryn M. Mergl

Keyword(s):

Traffic Safety ◽

Motor Vehicle ◽

Seat Belt ◽

The United States ◽

Rear Seat ◽

Older Children ◽

Highway Traffic ◽

Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽

National Highway Traffic Safety ◽

Vehicle Collisions

In 2008, motor vehicle collisions resulted in 968 child occupant fatalities and 193,000 seriously injured children, ages 14 years old and younger, according to the most recent data provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) [1]. In fact, motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of death for all children ages 3 to 14 years old living in the United States [1]. As children grow older they require size-appropriate restraint types to fit their body at each developmental level. For older children, booster seats are not a total solution for child safety as they are often dependent on the design of the vehicle seat belt system (2). Additionally, there is no federal standard that requires vehicle manufacturers to dynamically test the performance of child seats of any type in their vehicles.

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Warning signs to fasten seat belts result in higher rates of rear seat belt use in rideshare vehicles

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/1071181319631515 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 2046-2050

Author(s):

Kenneth Nemire

Keyword(s):

San Francisco ◽

Seat Belt ◽

Rear Seat ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Future Research ◽

Warning Sign ◽

Seat Belts ◽

Front Seat ◽

Passenger Vehicles ◽

Seat Belt Use

Using seat belts reduces traffic injuries and fatalities. Passengers in the rear seat typically use their seat belts less often than drivers or front-seat passengers. Seat belt use in the back is even less frequent in vehicles for hire such as taxi cabs and rideshare vehicles than in private passenger vehicles. This observational study of adult passengers video-recorded in rideshare vehicles in San Francisco found that a sign mounted at rear passenger seated eye level, and that warned of the risks of failing to wear a seat belt, resulted in significantly higher rates of seat belt use than for rear seat passengers not exposed to the warning sign. Results also showed that age, gender, and trip duration did not have a significant effect on rear seat belt use. Implications for future research and other countermeasures are discussed.

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