scholarly journals Warning signs to fasten seat belts result in higher rates of rear seat belt use in rideshare vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 2046-2050
Author(s):  
Kenneth Nemire
Keyword(s):  
San Francisco ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Using seat belts reduces traffic injuries and fatalities. Passengers in the rear seat typically use their seat belts less often than drivers or front-seat passengers. Seat belt use in the back is even less frequent in vehicles for hire such as taxi cabs and rideshare vehicles than in private passenger vehicles. This observational study of adult passengers video-recorded in rideshare vehicles in San Francisco found that a sign mounted at rear passenger seated eye level, and that warned of the risks of failing to wear a seat belt, resulted in significantly higher rates of seat belt use than for rear seat passengers not exposed to the warning sign. Results also showed that age, gender, and trip duration did not have a significant effect on rear seat belt use. Implications for future research and other countermeasures are discussed.

Compliance with Seat Belt Use in Benin City, Nigeria

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pius Ehiawaguan Iribhogbe ◽  
Clement Odigie Osime
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Road Traffic Crashes ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Seat Belt Use

AbstractIntroduction:Trauma is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. A quarter of all fatalities due to injury occur due to road traffic crashes with 90% of the fatalities occurring in low- and medium-income countries. Poor compliance with the use of seat belts is a problem in many developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of seatbelt compliance in motor vehicles in Benin City, Nigeria.Methods:A five-day, observational study was conducted in strategic locations in Benin City. The compliance rates of drivers, front seat passengers, and rear seat passengers in the various categories of vehicles were evaluated, and the data were subjected to statistical processing using the Program for Epidemiology.Results:A total of 369 vehicles were observed. This consisted of 172 private cars, 64 taxis, 114 buses, 15 trucks, and four other vehicles. The seat belt compliance rate for drivers was 52.3%, front seat passengers 18.4%, and rear seat passengers 6.1%. Drivers of all categories of vehicles were more likely to use the seat belt compared to front seat passengers (p = 0.000) and rear seat passengers (p = 0.000). Drivers of private cars were more likely to use seat belts compared to taxi drivers (p = 0.000) and bus drivers (p = 0.000). Front seat passengers in private cars were more likely to use the seat belt compared to front seat passengers in taxis (p = 0.000) and buses (p = 0.000). Rear seat pas-sengers in private cars also were more likely to use seat belts compared to rear seat passengers in taxis (p = 0.000) and buses (p = 0.000).Conclusions:Compliance with seat belt use in Benin City is low. Legislation, educational campaigns, and enforcement of seat belt use are needed.

Seat belt use by adult rear seat passengers in private passenger, taxi, and rideshare vehicles

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1644-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Nemire
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Using seat belts reduces traffic injuries and fatalities. There are no observational studies comparing use of seat belts by front and rear seat adult passengers in the United States (U.S.), and no comparisons of rear seat belt use by adult passengers in private, taxi, and rideshare vehicles. This observational study of drivers and adult passengers in two cities, one with a primary and the other with a secondary seat belt enforcement law, found the laws affected seat belt use by drivers but not by rear seat passengers, and that rear seat passengers wore seat belts more in private vehicles than in taxis. The latter result was not because of lack of seat belt availability in taxis. Results also showed that modeling of seat belt use by drivers had little effect on seat belt use by rear seat passengers. Results from rideshare vehicles was mixed. Implications for future research and countermeasures are discussed.

Estimating the Effect of Standard Enforcement of a Rear Seat Belt Law for Rear Seat Fatality Prevention

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (33) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Findley ◽  
Morgan Sanchez ◽  
Timothy Nye
Keyword(s):  
Injury Severity ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Practice Standard ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Data were collected from the NHTSA’s Fatality Analysis Reporting System to analyze the link between primary enforcement of rear seat belt use and injury severity in fatal vehicle collisions. Specifically, this study predicted the amount of fatalities that may have been prevented had there been standard enforcement of a rear seat belt law in effect. Previous literature concludes that increasing seat belt use will decrease injury severity in collisions and the primary enforcement of seat belts laws will increase seat belt use by approximately 14%. This study recorded and compared the number of rear seat fatalities in states that did and did not have primary enforcement laws for rear seat occupants. The results indicated that, on average, for every properly restrained rear seat fatality there are 0.45 more rear seat fatalities in states without primary enforcement than states with primary enforcement. It also predicts that the states that do not practice standard seat belt enforcement could have seen approximately 772 to 1,032 fatalities prevented from 2011 to 2015, had there been primary rear seat belt enforcement. This corresponds to an estimated national crash cost savings of $8.6 billion, or $1.7 billion annually.

Passenger Seat Belt Usage Rates on Shuttle Buses

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 1674-1678
Author(s):  
Caroline Crump ◽  
Robyn Brinkerhoff ◽  
Douglas Young
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Passenger Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Seat ◽  
National Highway ◽  
Final Rule ◽  
Seat Belt Use

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recently published a final rule requiring lap/shoulder seat belts in all new large motorcoaches and buses manufactured on or after November 28, 2016 (NHTSA, 2013). Studies of vehicle belt use in passenger vehicles demonstrate that many factors other than availability influence whether a seat belt is used by an individual in a particular circumstance. The present observational study examined passenger seat belt use in airport shuttle buses traveling short distances over urban roads with frequent stops, in four U.S. cities. Seat belts were used very rarely when provided - only 1% (2 out of 156) of passengers buckled up. These findings are consistent with other studies of passenger seat belt use in motorcoach buses, and suggest that without concomitant legislation mandating and enforcing seat belt usage, the vast majority of bus passengers are unlikely to use seat belts even when provided.

The Influence of Age on the Forces Produced During Normal Seat Belt Buckling

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving S. Scher ◽  
Douglas E. Young ◽  
Doris Trachtman
Keyword(s):  
Seat Belt ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Secondary Use ◽  
Back Seat ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Historically, the observed seat belt usage rate for occupants has varied across a number of factors (e.g., primary or secondary use law, seat location, etc.). Of these factors, the age of the driver or occupant has been consistently noted as an important characteristic that is linked to the use of the seat belt. For example, the seat belt use rate for drivers and front seat passengers in the U.S. in 2002 was estimated to be over 70% for adults [1] but over 10% less for pre-teens [2] and teenagers [3], which are generally less than 60%. This discrepancy between younger age groups and adults has been reported in several states across the country [2–5]. Eby et al. [4] reported that individuals 4–15 years old, seated in the second and third rows, wore seat belts about 50% of the time in the left and right positions. In a separate four-state observational study of teenage and older occupants by Womack et al. [6], teen seat belt use in the back seats was only 10.9%. Together, these studies indicate pre-teen and teenagers wear seat belts less frequently than comparable adult cohorts, and that they will be even less likely to wear a seat belt when they are located in the back seat positions.

Rear seat belt use in the United Arab Emirates

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salaheddine Bendak ◽  
Sara S. Alnaqbi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Severe-to-Fatal Injury Risks in Crashes With Two Front-Seat Occupants by Seat Belt Use

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Viano ◽  
Chantal S. Parenteau
Keyword(s):  
Seat Belt ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Fatal Injury ◽  
Seat Belt Use

scholarly journals Nighttime seat belt use among front seat passengers: Does the driver's belt use matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Kwaku F. Boakye ◽  
Ruth A. Shults ◽  
Jerry D. Everett
Keyword(s):  
Seat Belt ◽  
Front Seat ◽  
Seat Belt Use

Self-reported factors that influence rear seat belt use among adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandi L. Taylor ◽  
Melissa Daily
Keyword(s):  
Seat Belt ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Seat Belt Use

On Informing Women of Child Bearing Age about Seat Belt Risk during Pregnancy

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 943-946
Author(s):  
Kenya Freeman ◽  
Michael S. Wogalter
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
Seat Belts ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Seat Belt Use ◽  
Serious Injuries

Seat belts have been effective in reducing serious injuries and deaths in vehicular accidents. However, their use by women in the third trimester of pregnancy can cause placental damage and fetal injury or death in relatively minor motor vehicle accidents without severely injuring pregnant women. The lack of seat belt use in similar or more serious accidents could cause severe injuries or death to pregnant women from impacts within the cabin or from ejection, and in turn could lead to fetal injuries or deaths. The present study sought to determine whether women between the ages of 16 and 45 (child bearing age) would like to be informed of these risks. Ninety-nine of the 101 women surveyed indicated they would like to be informed of the risks, and that they would expect to find this information in the vehicle's owners manual. in dealing with the risks, some women indicated that they would wear the seatbelts and others indicated they would not. Most respondents indicated that they would reduce the risks by reducing their use of the vehicle during pregnancy. These results have implications for risk communications.

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