Novel Filtration System Improves Performance of Pre-Treatment and Electro-Deposition Stages of an Automotive Assembly Plant

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Paul
Keyword(s):  
Electro Deposition ◽  
Assembly Plant ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Automotive Assembly ◽  
Pre Treatment

Low-pressure membrane filtration with unconventional coagulation regimes

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.Y. Choi ◽  
B.A. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Charge Neutralization ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Pre Treatment

The objective of the research was to evaluate in-line coagulation to improve performance during ultrafiltration (UF). In-line coagulation means use of coagulants without removal of coagulated solids prior to UF. Performance was evaluated by removal of contaminants (water quality) and by resistance to filtration and recovery of flux after hydraulic or chemical cleaning (water production). We hypothesized that coagulation conditions inappropriate for conventional treatment, in particular under-dosing conditions that produce particles that neither settle nor are removed in rapid sand filters, would be effective for in-line coagulation prior to UF. A variety of pre-treatment processes for UF have been investigated including coagulation, powdered activated carbon (PAC) or granular activated carbon (GAC), adsorption on iron oxides or other pre-formed settleable solid phases, or ozonation. Coagulation pre-treatment is often used for removal of fouling substances prior to NF or RO. It has been reported that effective conventional coagulation conditions produced larger particles and this reduced fouling during membrane filtration by reducing adsorption in membrane pores, increasing cake porosity, and increasing transport of foulants away from the membrane surface. However, aggregates produced under sweep floc conditions were more compressible than for charge neutralization conditions, resulting in compaction when the membrane filtration system was pressurized. It was known that the coagulated suspension under either charge-neutralization or sweep floc condition showed similar steady-state flux under the cross-flow microfiltration mode. Another report on the concept of critical floc size suggested that flocs need to reach a certain critical size before MF, otherwise membranes can be irreversibly clogged by the coagulant solids. The authors were motivated to study the effect of various coagulation conditions on the performance of a membrane filtration system.

scholarly journals Comparative environmental impact evaluation using life cycle assessment approach: a case study of integrated membrane-filtration system for the treatment of aerobically-digested palm oil mill effluent

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeit Haan Teow ◽  
Meng Teck Chong ◽  
Kah Chun Ho ◽  
Abdul Wahab Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Unit Operations ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Aerobically Digested

AbstractAiming to mitigate wastewater pollution arising from the palm oil industry, this university-industry research-and-development project focused on the integration of serial treatment processes, including the use of moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), pre-treatment with sand filters and activated carbon filters, and membrane technology for aerobically-digested palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment. To assess the potential of this sustainable alternative practice in the industry, the developed technology was demonstrated in a pilot-scale facility: four combinations (Combinations I to IV) of unit operations were developed in an integrated membrane-filtration system. Combination I includes a MBBR, pre-treatment unit comprising sand filters and activated carbon filters, ultrafiltration (UF) membrane, and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, while Combination II excludes MBBR, Combination III excludes UF membrane, and Combination IV excludes both MBBR and UF membrane. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to evaluate potential environmental impacts arising from each combination while achieving the goal of obtaining recycled and reusable water from the aerobically-digested POME treatment. It is reported that electricity consumption is the predominant factor contributing to most of those categories (50–77%) as the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen oxides, and volatile mercury during the combustion of fossil fuels. Combination I in the integrated membrane-filtration system with all unit operations incurring high electricity consumption (52 MJ) contributed to the greatest environmental impact. Electricity consumption registers the highest impact towards all life cycle impact categories: 73% on climate change, 80% on terrestrial acidification, 51% on eutrophication, and 43% on human toxicity. Conversely, Combination IV is the most environmentally-friendly process, since it involves only two-unit operations – pre-treatment unit (comprising sand filters and activated carbon filters) and RO membrane unit – and thus incurs the least electricity consumption (41.6 MJ). The LCA offers insights into each combination of the operating process and facilitates both researchers and the industry towards sustainable production.

scholarly journals Assessment of Indoor Air Quality and Heat Stress Exposure in an Automotive Assembly Plant

Air Quality ◽  
10.5772/9765 ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziah ◽  
Edimansyah Abdin ◽  
Azwan ◽  
Lin ◽  
Rusli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Assembly Plant ◽  
Automotive Assembly

Microfiltration for Second-Stage Softening Provides Many Benefits to an Automotive Assembly Plant in Mexico

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 (6) ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
George C. Patrick ◽  
Gloria Garza ◽  
Claudia Aguilar ◽  
Larry Krzesowski ◽  
Stan Karrs
Keyword(s):  
Second Stage ◽  
Assembly Plant ◽  
Automotive Assembly

Product Variety and Manufacturing Performance: Evidence from the International Automotive Assembly Plant Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Paul MacDuffie ◽  
Kannan Sethuraman ◽  
Marshall L. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Product Variety ◽  
Assembly Plant ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
Automotive Assembly

Use of volcanic ash and its impact on algae proliferation in drinking water filtration

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-206
Author(s):  
Kalibbala Herbert Mpagi ◽  
Kaggwa Rose ◽  
Plaza Elzbieta
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Water Supply And Treatment ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

With increasing pollution of the available water resources, development of safe drinking water supplies is increasingly becoming a challenge, both for developing and developed countries. To alleviate the prevailing difficulties, approaches should focus on sustainable water supply and treatment systems that require minimal maintenance and operator skills. In this study, a pre-treatment of water containing algae using a combination of volcanic ash (VA) and sand in a filtration system was assessed. The results indicated that a combination of VA and sand performed better in the removal of algae than sand alone. However, it was noted that different algae genera were removed at different rates within the two types of media arrangement. In addition, there was an increase in the filtration run length of the ash-sand columns with VA on top of sand of about two and half times compared with the sand columns. It is therefore anticipated that pre-treatment of raw water laden with algae using ash-sand would probably improve on the performance of the subsequent conventional processes in removing intact cells of algae and thus reduce the threat of releasing toxins into the water that may not be removed by the subsequent conventional treatment processes.

Prediction of Passive Maintenance Opportunity Windows on Bottleneck Machines in Complex Manufacturing Systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Gu ◽  
Xiaoning Jin ◽  
Jun Ni
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Prediction Algorithm ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Assembly Plant ◽  
Automotive Assembly ◽  
Complex Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Random Failures ◽  
Production Losses

In this paper, we investigate hidden opportunities for performing proper maintenance tasks during production time without causing production losses. One of the maintenance opportunities on a machine is when the machine is starved or blocked due to the occurrence of random failures on its upstream or downstream machines. Such failure-induced starvation or blockage time is defined as a passive maintenance opportunity window (PMOW), and is predicted on the bottleneck machines in manufacturing systems with different configurations. The effectiveness of the PMOW prediction algorithm is validated through case studies in both simulations and an automotive assembly plant.

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