The Computational Cost and Accuracy of Spray Droplet Collision Models

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpit Agarwal ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Long Liang ◽  
Chitralkumar Naik ◽  
Ellen Meeks
2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Schmidt ◽  
Christopher J. Rutland

Droplet collision models have been criticized for creating large mesh dependency in spray calculations. These numerical errors are very troublesome; they behave erratically and interfere with the predictive ability of physical models. The collision method used in KIVA can cause mesh dependent changes in average drop size of over 40 microns. In order to reduce mesh dependency, a new method has been developed for calculating the incidence of collision. The solution is to create a special collision mesh that is optimized for accuracy. The mesh is created automatically during the spray calculation. Additionally, a different stochastic collision sampling technique is also used. The new method, called the NTC algorithm, was incorporated into KIVA and found to be much faster than older algorithms. Calculations with 60,000 parcels required only a few CPU minutes. With the new NTC method and collision mesh, the mesh dependence of the drop size is only nine microns. This remaining mesh dependency is found to be due to the drag calculations and is not the fault of the collision algorithm.


2017 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huang Zhang ◽  
Yuzheng Li ◽  
Jianxin Li ◽  
Qianfeng Liu

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Wareham ◽  
Robert Robere ◽  
Iris van Rooij
Keyword(s):  

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 739-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
W. Clint Hoffmann ◽  
Bradley K. Fritz ◽  
Noel Cote ◽  
Todd W. Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Schwille ◽  
Richard M. Lueptow

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (14) ◽  
pp. 378-1-378-7
Author(s):  
Tyler Nuanes ◽  
Matt Elsey ◽  
Radek Grzeszczuk ◽  
John Paul Shen

We present a high-quality sky segmentation model for depth refinement and investigate residual architecture performance to inform optimally shrinking the network. We describe a model that runs in near real-time on mobile device, present a new, highquality dataset, and detail a unique weighing to trade off false positives and false negatives in binary classifiers. We show how the optimizations improve bokeh rendering by correcting stereo depth misprediction in sky regions. We detail techniques used to preserve edges, reject false positives, and ensure generalization to the diversity of sky scenes. Finally, we present a compact model and compare performance of four popular residual architectures (ShuffleNet, MobileNetV2, Resnet-101, and Resnet-34-like) at constant computational cost.


2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satinderjit Singh

Median filtering is a commonly used technique in image processing. The main problem of the median filter is its high computational cost (for sorting N pixels, the temporal complexity is O(N·log N), even with the most efficient sorting algorithms). When the median filter must be carried out in real time, the software implementation in general-purpose processorsdoes not usually give good results. This Paper presents an efficient algorithm for median filtering with a 3x3 filter kernel with only about 9 comparisons per pixel using spatial coherence between neighboring filter computations. The basic algorithm calculates two medians in one step and reuses sorted slices of three vertical neighboring pixels. An extension of this algorithm for 2D spatial coherence is also examined, which calculates four medians per step.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florencia Klein ◽  
Daniela Cáceres-Rojas ◽  
Monica Carrasco ◽  
Juan Carlos Tapia ◽  
Julio Caballero ◽  
...  

<p>Although molecular dynamics simulations allow for the study of interactions among virtually all biomolecular entities, metal ions still pose significant challenges to achieve an accurate structural and dynamical description of many biological assemblies. This is particularly the case for coarse-grained (CG) models. Although the reduced computational cost of CG methods often makes them the technique of choice for the study of large biomolecular systems, the parameterization of metal ions is still very crude or simply not available for the vast majority of CG- force fields. Here, we show that incorporating statistical data retrieved from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) to set specific Lennard-Jones interactions can produce structurally accurate CG molecular dynamics simulations. Using this simple approach, we provide a set of interaction parameters for Calcium, Magnesium, and Zinc ions, which cover more than 80% of the metal-bound structures reported on the PDB. Simulations performed using the SIRAH force field on several proteins and DNA systems show that using the present approach it is possible to obtain non-bonded interaction parameters that obviate the use of topological constraints. </p>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Jun Ang ◽  
Wujie Wang ◽  
Daniel Schwalbe-Koda ◽  
Simon Axelrod ◽  
Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli

<div>Modeling dynamical effects in chemical reactions, such as post-transition state bifurcation, requires <i>ab initio</i> molecular dynamics simulations due to the breakdown of simpler static models like transition state theory. However, these simulations tend to be restricted to lower-accuracy electronic structure methods and scarce sampling because of their high computational cost. Here, we report the use of statistical learning to accelerate reactive molecular dynamics simulations by combining high-throughput ab initio calculations, graph-convolution interatomic potentials and active learning. This pipeline was demonstrated on an ambimodal trispericyclic reaction involving 8,8-dicyanoheptafulvene and 6,6-dimethylfulvene. With a dataset size of approximately</div><div>31,000 M062X/def2-SVP quantum mechanical calculations, the computational cost of exploring the reactive potential energy surface was reduced by an order of magnitude. Thousands of virtually costless picosecond-long reactive trajectories suggest that post-transition state bifurcation plays a minor role for the reaction in vacuum. Furthermore, a transfer-learning strategy effectively upgraded the potential energy surface to higher</div><div>levels of theory ((SMD-)M06-2X/def2-TZVPD in vacuum and three other solvents, as well as the more accurate DLPNO-DSD-PBEP86 D3BJ/def2-TZVPD) using about 10% additional calculations for each surface. Since the larger basis set and the dynamic correlation capture intramolecular non-covalent interactions more accurately, they uncover longer lifetimes for the charge-separated intermediate on the more accurate potential energy surfaces. The character of the intermediate switches from entropic to thermodynamic upon including implicit solvation effects, with lifetimes increasing with solvent polarity. Analysis of 2,000 reactive trajectories on the chloroform PES shows a qualitative agreement with the experimentally-reported periselectivity for this reaction. This overall approach is broadly applicable and opens a door to the study of dynamical effects in larger, previously-intractable reactive systems.</div>


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