Development of a Water Supply and Water Treatment Facility for a Small Rural Community

Thames Water treats approximately 2800Ml/d of water originating mainly from the lowland rivers Thames and Lee for supply to over 7.3million customers, principally in the cities of London and Oxford. This paper reviews aspects of Thames Water's research, design and operating experiences of treating algal rich reservoir stored lowland water. Areas covered include experiences of optimising reservoir management, uprating and upgrading of rapid gravity filtration (RGF), standard co-current dissolved air flotation (DAF) and counter-current dissolved air flotation/filtration (COCO-DAFF®) to counter operational problems caused by seasonal blooms of filter blocking algae such as Melosira spp., Aphanizomenon spp. and Anabaena spp. A major programme of uprating and modernisation (inclusion of Advanced Water Treatment: GAC and ozone) of the major works is in progress which, together with the Thames Tunnel Ring Main, will meet London's water supply needs into the 21st Century.

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Climate change impacts on water resources in a rural community in Limpopo province, South Africa: a community-based adaptation to water insecurity

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/ijccsm-04-2020-0033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 587-598

Author(s):

Sejabaledi Agnes Rankoana

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

South Africa ◽

Water Resources ◽

Water Supply ◽

Rural Community ◽

Limpopo Province ◽

Community Based ◽

Content Type ◽

Adaptation Practices ◽

Community Based Adaptation

Purpose The study explored the impacts of climate change on water resources, and the community-based adaptation practices adopted to ensure water security in a rural community in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The participatory approach was used to allow community members to share their challenges of water scarcity, and the measures they have developed to cope with inconsistent water supply. Findings The study results show that the community obtains water for household consumption from the reticulation system supplied by Mutale River and the community borehole. These resources are negatively impacted by drought, change in the frequency and distribution of rainfall, and increased temperature patterns. The water levels in the river and borehole have declined, resulting in unsustainable water supply. The community-based adaptation practices facilitated by the water committee include observance of restrictions and regulations on the water resources use. Others involve securing water from neighbouring resources. Originality/value This type of community-based action in response to climate change could be used as part of rural water management strategies under climate change.

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Addressing the challenges in projects of water treatment plants and storage of potable water: a case studies of the water supply system in the state of Goiás, Brazil

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-021-04382-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Anne Louise de Melo Dores ◽

Felipe Corrêa Veloso dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Water Supply ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Water System ◽

Treatment Phase ◽

Water Treatment Plant ◽

Operating Efficiency ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Storage Tanks ◽

Variation Curve

AbstractTo elaborate efficient and economical water supply systems is one of the main objectives in the sanitation companies water system projects. In order to address the challenges faced in reaching this objective, this study aims to identify, first, the relation between the percentage of non-conformed samples in treated water and the inefficiency of the filtering units installed in the water treatment plant, and second, if, by drawing the consumption variation curve it is the most efficient way to predict the storage tanks volume—comparing necessary capacity, determined by the consumption curve, and installed capacity, predict by the outdated Brazilian normative. In order to reach answers for these two questions, this study measured the operating efficiency of the treatment plant as well as have set a quantitative comparison between the two dimensioning criteria for storage tanks volume present in the literature. As a result, the analysis provided the authors to detect a focus of contamination in the single-layered filtering units, limited by the filtering capacity of 2–6 m3/(m2 day), whilst operating at 333.13 m3/(m2 day). As well as to detect by the drawing of the consumption variation curve an oversize of 68% and 60% in the dimensioning of the studied storage tanks. With the results provided by this analysis approach, it was possible to efficiently detect and correct critical impairments in the treatment phase and to conclude that a long-term analysis should be drawn in order to affirm if the consumption variation curve is the best design methodology for the reservoirs.

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Assessment of water supply system from catchment to consumers as framed in WHO water safety plans: A study from Maiduguri water treatment plant, North East Nigeria

Sustainable Environment ◽

10.1080/27658511.2021.1901389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1901389

Author(s):

Mohammed Mustapha ◽

Mynepalli Sridhar ◽

Akinwale O. Coker

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

Water Supply ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Water Treatment Plant ◽

Supply System ◽

Water Supply System ◽

Water Safety ◽

North East ◽

Water Safety Plans

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Experiences with the practical implementation and operation of biological nitrification for a small-scale drinking water treatment plant

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2016.042 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 922-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

L. Richard ◽

E. Mayr ◽

M. Zunabovic ◽

R. Allabashi ◽

R. Perfler

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Water Supply ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Water Treatment Plant ◽

Drinking Water Supply ◽

Small Scale ◽

Treatment Performance ◽

Biological Nitrification

The implementation and evaluation of biological nitrification as a possible treatment option for the small-scale drinking water supply of a rural Upper Austrian community was investigated. The drinking water supply of this community (average system input volume: 20 m3/d) is based on the use of deep anaerobic groundwater with a high ammonium content of geogenic origin (up to 5 mg/l) which must be treated to prevent the formation of nitrites in the drinking water supply system. This paper describes the implementation and operation of biological nitrification despite several constraints including space availability, location and financial and manpower resources. A pilot drinking water treatment plant, including biological nitrification implemented in sand filters, was designed and constructed for a maximum treatment capacity of 1.2 m3/h. Online monitoring of selected physicochemical parameters has provided continuous treatment performance data. Treatment performance of the plant was evaluated under standard operation as well as in the case of selected malfunction events.

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Swing Operation Envelope of River-Sourced Water Treatment Facility for Water Injection Purpose in Banyu Urip Field

10.2118/205625-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Amin Rois ◽

Willy Dharmawan

Keyword(s):

Water Treatment ◽

River Water ◽

Rainy Season ◽

Treatment Cost ◽

Water Injection ◽

Injection Rate ◽

Raw Water ◽

Treatment Facility ◽

Water Parameters ◽

Water Basin

Abstract Banyu Urip reservoir management heavily rely on river-sourced water as water injection to meet Voidage Replacement Ratio target of 1. The treatment facility which consist of Raw Water Basin, Clarifiers, Multi Media Fine (MMF) Filters and Cartridge Filters, is sensitive to seasonal transition and river condition. This paper shares lesson learnt in operating such facility and troubleshooting guidance to overcome challenges of high turbidity during rainy season and lack of river water volume during drought season. To maintain the design intent of Banyu Urip (BU) water treatment facility in achieving water injection quality and quantity at reasonable cost, following activities were undertaken: [1] Critical water parameters data gathering & analysis across each unit; [2] Clarifier Chemical injection dosage verification based on laboratory test; [3] MMF Media coring inspection to assess the filtering media condition; [4] MMF Filters backwash parameters optimization; [5] MMF Filter on-off valve sequencing optimization to address water hammering issue; [6] Water injection rate management to deal with river water source availability along the year. Critical water parameters analysis revealed that chemical dosages were in-adequate to treat the five times higher turbidity coming into Clarifiers during early rain 2019. On top of this, low Raw Water Basin level at the end of long drought further contributed to jeopardize Clarifier's operation. Although in-adequate chemicals injection was resolved at early 2020, the treatment cost remained high, especially on filtration section. Media coring result on MMF Filters confirmed that the filtering media have been poisoned by carried-over mud from Clarifiers during upset. The operation of MMF Filters required extensive optimization on backwash parameters to successfully recover the MMF Filters performance without media replacement. Latest media coring on the worst MMF Filter showed that there was no more top mud layer and the amount of trapped mud had been decreased significantly. Cartridge Filter replacement interval was improved from 38 hours to 186 hours, therefore water treatment cost dropped with quite significant margin. Additionally, the availability of each MMF Filters was also improved. At the same time, the high water injection rate during 2020 rainy season, had successfully increased reservoir pressure buffer up to its maximum point as the anticipation of prolonged drought season. This paper provides the troubleshooting guidance for MMF Filter application in season-prone water treatment facility including insights on interpretation of media coring result and linking it back to optimization strategy on the MMF Filters drain down time for effective backwash process without having excessive media loss.

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