Influence of agricultural biodiversity on dietary diversity of preschool children in Matungu division, western Kenya

Objective. Rural and urban differences affect food availability, accessibility, and sustainability; thus, it has a greatimpact on household food security and dietary diversity. The relationship between the human environment andother factors threatens different domains of food systems resulting in food security. The objective of this study isto determine significant differences between the prevalence of household food security and diet diversity betweenurban and rural communities in Occidental Mindoro. Specifically, to determine the pattern of usual food intake ofpreschool children between rural and urban communities Methods. This study utilized a comparative, cross-sectional, analytic study design in order to determine theprevalence of each variable of interest in the two study areas. Radimer-Cornell Tool was utilized to assess the foodsecurity status of the household while the FAO-Dietary Diversity Score Questionnaire was used to the diversityof diet among PSC. A total of 480 (rural: n=240; urban: n=240) preschool children were recruited to participatein this study. Ratio and proportion using the point and interval estimate were used to determine the prevalencein different areas, meanwhile, chi-square of homogeneity was used to determine significant difference in the twoareas under study. Results. Food insecurity in rural communities was found to be at 56.25% (95% CI: 49.97% to 62.53%) while theprevalence in urban communities was 45.83% (95% CI: 39.53% to 52.14%). There was a significant differencein the prevalence of household food insecurity between rural and urban communities (p=0.0224). Meanwhile,the prevalence of less dietary diversity among preschool children in rural communities was 37.08% (95%: 30.97%to 43.19%) and 26.25% (CI: 20.68% to 31.82%) for urban communities. There was a significant differencein prevalence of low dietary diversity score among preschool children between rural and urban communities(p=0.0107). Conclusion. There were significant differences in terms of household food insecurity and less diverse dietbetween two community settings. Higher prevalence in rural areas signifies that there is a need to prioritize thesevulnerable communities in terms of hunger mitigation and nutrition programs. A combination of milk-rice-meat-fishwas observed in the diet of preschool children for both communities however, higher prevalence of less dietarydiversity was detected among rural communities.

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Selling Sprinkles as part of a health products package may reduce fever and diarrhea incidence but not respiratory illness in preschool children in western Kenya

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.392.4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 26 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Frederick Kobina Ebo Grant ◽

Reynaldo Martorell ◽

Rafael Ayala-Flores ◽

Conrad R. Cole ◽

Usha Ramakrishnan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Respiratory Illness ◽

Western Kenya ◽

Health Products ◽

Diarrhea Incidence

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Poor Adherence to the WHO Guidelines on Feeding Practices Increases the Risk for Respiratory Infections in Surinamese Preschool Children

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph182010739 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (20) ◽

pp. 10739

Author(s):

Jill R. Wormer ◽

Arti Shankar ◽

Michael Boele Van Hensbroek ◽

Ashna D. Hindori-Mohangoo ◽

Hannah Covert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Clinical Care ◽

Feeding Practices ◽

Child Feeding ◽

Young Child Feeding ◽

Infant And Young Child ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Tract Infections

Poor feeding practices in infants and young children may lead to malnutrition, which, in turn, is associated with an increased risk of infectious diseases, such as respiratory tract infections (RTIs), a leading cause of under-five mortality. We explored the association between RTIs and the WHO infant and young child feeding (IYCF) indicators: minimum dietary diversity (MDD), minimum meal frequency (MMF), and minimum acceptable diet (MAD), among infants and preschool children in Suriname. A validated pediatric food frequency questionnaire was used and data on RTIs, defined as clinical care for fever with respiratory symptoms, bronchitis, or pneumonia were obtained. Associations between feeding indicators and RTIs were explored using hierarchical logistic regression. Of 763 children aged 10–33 months, 51.7% achieved the MDD, 88.5% the MMF, and 46.5% the MAD. Furthermore, 73% of all children experienced at least one upper and/or lower RTI. Children meeting the MDD and MAD had significantly lower odds on RTIs (OR 0.53; 95%CI: 0.37–0.74, p < 0.001; OR 0.55; 95%CI: 0.39–0.78, p < 0.001, respectively). The covariates parity and household income were independently associated with RTIs. In conclusion, MDD and MAD were associated with (upper) RTIs. Whether these indicators can be used as predictors for increased risk for RTIs should be assessed in future prospective studies.

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Community-based educational intervention improved the diversity of complementary diets in western Kenya: results from a randomized controlled trial

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980015000920 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 3406-3419 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Lydiah M Waswa ◽

Irmgard Jordan ◽

Johannes Herrmann ◽

Michael B Krawinkel ◽

Gudrun B Keding

Keyword(s):

Nutrition Education ◽

Educational Intervention ◽

Treatment Effect ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Dietary Diversity ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Nutrition Knowledge ◽

Control Group ◽

Education Intervention ◽

Western Kenya

AbstractObjectiveLack of diversity is a major factor contributing to inadequate nutrient intakes among children during the complementary feeding period in many rural areas in developing countries. This has been attributed to inadequate feeding practices and nutrition knowledge among their caregivers. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of an educational intervention on children’s dietary diversity and nutrition knowledge of caregivers.DesignCluster randomization was applied and twenty matched village pairs were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. The nutrition education intervention consisted of four sessions comprising of group trainings and cooking demonstrations that were conducted over a period of 5 months.SettingHouseholds in rural communities in Bondo and Teso South sub-counties, western Kenya.SubjectsCaregivers with children aged 6–17 months receiving nutrition education.ResultsThe children’s dietary diversity scores (CDDS) and nutrition knowledge scores of the caregivers improved significantly in the intervention group at endline. The treatment effect on CDDS was positive and significant (P=0·001). The CDDS rate of the children in the intervention group was 27 % larger than it would have been without the treatment effect. The intervention also had a significant effect on the caregivers’ nutrition knowledge scores (incidence rate ratio=2·05; P<0·001). However, the nutrition knowledge of the caregivers did not have a significant effect on CDDS (P=0·731).ConclusionsThe nutrition education intervention led to improvements in children’s dietary diversity and nutrition knowledge of the caregivers.

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