scholarly journals Morphological characterization of natural populations of Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linnaeus, 1758) from three selected reservoirs in South Western, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
T.E. Oladimeji ◽  
M.O. Awodiran ◽  
F.A. Ola-Oladimeji
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Morphological Heterogeneity ◽  
Southwest Nigeria ◽  
Sarotherodon Galilaeus ◽  
Meristic Data

Morphological characterization of Sarotherodon galilaeus (Linnaeus, 1758)from Opa, Asejire and Ero reservoirs in southwest, Nigeria was carried out with a view to determining the morphological heterogeneity or homogeneity among the three different populations and to determine whether there are morphotypes of this species in the selected study areas. Twenty five morphometric measurements and six meristic counts were recorded on 150 specimens; fifty from each reservoir population. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) were performed on the morphometric and meristic data using PAST software. All the clusters produced by the PCA and CVA analyses on the morphometric and meristic data overlapped widely; indicating a low level of morphological differentiation among the three populations of Sarotherodon galilaeus. The study concluded that the Sarotherodon galilaeus populations from Opa, Asejire and Ero reservoirs are morphologically similar and phenotypically inseparable. Keywords: Morphometric, Meristic, Morphological differentiation, Reservoirs in south-western Nigeria, Sarotherodon galilaeus

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus BURCHELL, 1822) STRAINS INTRODUCED TO INDONESIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Iswanto ◽  
Imron Imron ◽  
Rommy Suprapto ◽  
Huria Marnis
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The Other ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Genetic Purity ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Morphometric Characterization ◽  
Meristic Data

African catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burchell, 1822) has become a great important species in Indonesian aquaculture. Several strains of the African catfish have been introduced to Indonesia for aquaculture purposes, initiated by Dumbo strain from Taiwan in 1985, followed by Paiton strain from Thailand in 1998, then Egypt strain from Egypt in 2007, Masamo strain from Thailand in 2010 and later Kenya strain from Kenya in 2011. Since its introductions, there were no reports yet on their characterization studies. The present study was conducted to morphologically characterize the strains of African catfish introduced to Indonesia, i.e. Dumbo, Paiton, Egypt, Masamo, and Kenya strains. Morphometric and meristic data obtained were analyzed using Principal Component Analysis. Results of the morphometric characterization in the present study revealed that Dumbo, Paiton, Masamo, and Kenya strains were indistinguishable, while morphometric characteristic of Egypt strain was more or less different from those of the other strains. On the other hand, results of the meristic characterization suggested that meristic characteristics of all strains of the introduced African catfish were not different from each other. Therefore, to keep the genetic purity of those introduced strains, they should be properly maintained in isolated places.

scholarly journals DIFERENCIACIÓN MORFOLÓGICA DE LAS ESPECIES DE PIANGUA ANADARA TUBERCULOSA Y ANADARA SIMILIS (ARCIDAE) EN DIFERENTES BOSQUES DE MANGLAR A LO LARGO DE LA COSTA PACÍFICA COLOMBIANA MEDIANTE MORFOMETRÍA GEOMÉTRICA

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennee Lorena Cano Otalvaro ◽  
Óscar Enrique Murrillo García ◽  
Jaime Ricardo Cantera Kintz ◽  
Diego Luis Gil Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Ocean Current ◽  
Left Valve ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Larval Dispersion ◽  
Specific Comparison

The morphological characterization of two piangua species Anadara tuberculosa (Sowerby) and Anadara similis (Adams) was performed using geometric morphometric. Shells of both species were collected in nine different areas of the Colombian Pacific coast during 2009 as part of a project on the natural populations of piangua. The left valve of the shell was used to draw seven landmarks and evaluate the geometric configuration of the shell. Pianguas were grouped based on the mangrove cover of the localities where they were collected. Intra-specific comparison showed that areas where the organisms were collected do not affect valve configuration. Contrarily, centroide size showed significant variation in organism collected in different zones. Differences due to size are not sufficient to determine the existence of different populations, mainly because these differences may happen due to differences in fishery patterns increasing the ratio of smaller sizes. Pacific Ocean current might favor the genetic flux of organisms of both species, limiting the possibility of evolution of independent populations. It is important to complement this study with other investigations in genetics and larval dispersion in order to corroborate our findings.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of elite cacao trees (Theobroma cacao L.) in Tumaco, Nariño, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 313 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Ballesteros P. ◽  
Tulio César Lagos B. ◽  
Hugo Ferney L.
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Rural Poverty ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Anthocyanin Pigmentation ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Moniliophthora Perniciosa ◽  
Plant Collections ◽  
And Cluster Analysis

The cacao has become an essential part of the fight against the effects of illegal crops and rural poverty in Colombia. Because of their bromatological characteristics, cocoa beans are preferred in markets. However, there are few studies on the variability of the regional genotypes. The goal of this study was to characterize the cacao trees in Tumaco, Nariño (Colombia) and establish their morpho-agronomic variability. Plant collections were conducted in five production zones of the municipality between 0 to 270 m. On each farm, the productivity and plant health variables were recorded for the outstanding plants. The characterization was carried out using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) and Cluster analysis. In the PCA, the first five components explained 70.2% of the variation. The first three components were characterized by productivity, while the last two components showed a low pod and grain index. In the MCA, the first three factors expressed 39.5% of the variation. The first three corresponded to the cundeamor cacao, acute pod apex, absence of anthocyanin in ripe fruits, without notable pulvinus, staminodes without anthocyanins, and moderately susceptible to <em>Moniliophthora perniciosa</em>. The last two components reported tolerance to <em>M. roreri</em> and <em>Crinnipellis perniciosa, </em>intense anthocyanin pigmentation on the floral buttons and Angoleta-shaped fruit. The selected genotypes showed important characteristics that must be analyzed with molecular and sensorial analyses.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization of Moringa oleifera seeds from different crops of Mexico

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ruiz-Hernández ◽  
Martha Hernández-Rodríguez ◽  
Rosy G. Cruz-Monterrosa ◽  
Mayra Díaz-Ramírez ◽  
Judith Jiménez-Guzmán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Length Width

Objective: to characterize the seeds of Moringa oleifera present in various crops in Mexico morphologically. Design / Methodology / Approach: An analysis of variance, principal components, and conglomerates of qualitative morphological descriptors (shape, color, presence of wings and wing color) and quantitative (length, width, and weight) were carried out. Results: Significant statistical differences (P˂0.05) were found in the seeds' length, width, weight, and almonds. The principal component analysis indicated that components 1 (70.58%) and 2 (25.59%) contributed 96.17% of the variation, and the cluster analysis identified four groups. The evaluated populations showed qualitative variation (shape, color, presence of wings, and color of wings) and quantitative (length, width, and weight). Study limitations/implications: the germination percentage could not be evaluated because no information was obtained on the age of the seed and the storage conditions. Result/Finding:Conclusion: This information enriches the knowledge of Moringa oleifera in Mexico and serves as a basis for selecting materials of most significant interest.

scholarly journals Characterization of West and Central African accessions from a pearl millet reference collection for agro-morphological traits and Striga resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Sattler ◽  
M. D. Sanogo ◽  
I. A. Kassari ◽  
I. I. Angarawai ◽  
K. W. Gwadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Pennisetum Glaucum ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Striga Hermonthica ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Reference Collection ◽  
Breeding Programmes

AbstractTo promote the utilization of West and Central African (WCA) genetic resources of pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.], this study aimed at agro-morphological characterization of selected accessions from the pearl millet reference collection, established by the Generation Challenge Program and the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). A total of 81 accessions were included, comprising 78 landraces originating from 13, predominantly WCA countries and three improved cultivars. All 81 accessions were evaluated together with 18 checks for resistance to the parasitic weed Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. in an artificially infested field at one location in Niger. Determined by available seed quantity, 74 accessions were characterized together with seven checks in the rainy season 2009 in field trials under low-input and fertilized conditions in Nigeria, Niger and Mali, respectively. Wide ranges were observed for various traits. Several accessions were identified as sources for specific traits of interest, i.e. long panicles, high-grain density, earliness, Striga resistance and stable yielding across environments. The observed yield inferiority of all Genebank accessions compared with checks may indicate lost adaptation or inbreeding depression due to an insufficient effective population size during multiplication. A principal component analysis revealed an immense diversity but also strong admixture among the tested accessions, i.e. there were no clearly distinct groups. The seed of all genotypes is available from ICRISAT. The online availability of the characterization data is expected to facilitate efficient use of these pearl millet accessions by breeding programmes in WCA and worldwide.

Morphological characterization of Badis species (Teleostei: Badidae) from Nepal 

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4524 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
WILLIAM K. BLAIR ◽  
STEFAN VAN DER VOORT ◽  
DAVID R. EDDS
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Major River ◽  
Distribution And Ecology ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
River Drainages

We characterized morphological variation among 172 specimens of Badis sp. (Teleostei: Badidae), collected from across Nepal and previously identified as Badis badis, to investigate whether any represented an undescribed species. Size-corrected principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and discriminant analysis (DA) revealed four significantly different groups. One group was characterized by shallower body depth and shorter pelvic to anal distance than other groups and lacked a cleithral blotch. It was identified as Badis andrewraoi, previously unknown from Nepal, yet represented in our sample by 19 specimens from small rivers in the southeastern part of the country. Distribution of the remaining groups, all identified as B. badis, did not correspond to a zoogeographic hypothesis relating to major river drainages. Instead, morphological differences among these groups was better explained by allometric shifts. We provide information on the distribution and ecology of B. andrewraoi and B. badis in Nepal. 

scholarly journals Characterization of the vineyard byotyp collection of peach as step in prebreeding process

Genetika ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Bakic ◽  
Vera Rakonjac ◽  
Dragan Nikolic ◽  
Milica Fotiric-Aksic ◽  
Slavica Colic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Colour ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Flower Type ◽  
High Degree

In this research, morphological characterization of vineyard peach collection was conducted. In 78 accessions thirty qualitative traits of tree, flower, leaf, fruit and stone were analysed by using UPOV and ECPGR descriptors. Most of the studied traits showed a high degree of variability. The lowest variability obtained for the leaf traits, and highest for skin and flesh colour. Not only were the accessions sorted into a large number of categories by the most of their properties, but also there was a significant level of variability in the collection, reflecting in the fact that the traits were recombinant in a different way. Principal component analysis (PCA) and a dendrogram were performed to determine relationships among accessions and to obtain information on the usefulness of those characters for the discrimination. The PCA revealed that the first 4 principal components were able to represent 43.1% of total variance. Traits with high discriminating values comprised internal and external fruit colour, flower type and colour, flower bud density and stone shape. The cluster analysis showed that the accessions were placed in three main clusters. The greatest impact on the separation in clusters had fruit over colour and extent of fruit over colour. Moreover, the collection can also comprise some accessions with the preferred recombination of properties that might be interesting for further studies in breeding.

Morphological characterization and genetic diversity studies of promising brinjal genotypes for hybridization program in Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-235
Author(s):  
Abul Hasnat Muhammad Solaiman ◽  
Takashi Nishizawa ◽  
Mahmuda Khatun ◽  
Shahabuddin Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Canonical Variate ◽  
Genetic Advance ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Number Of Branches

In this Morphological variation of thirty-five brinjal genotypes was investigated in order to screen efficient genotypes for a hybridization program in Bangladesh. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than that for the genotypic. The PCV estimates were high for the number of branches, number of fruits per plant, and single fruit weight. Heritability estimates were high for the single fruit weight with high genetic advance. In spite of high heritability values for most traits, the expected genetic advance as a percentage of the mean ranged from 19.92 to 121.51. Multivariate analysis was performed using principal component analysis (PCA), principal coordinate analysis, cluster analysis and canonical variate analysis. With PCA, multivariate analysis of Mahalanobis's distance (D2), and cluster analysis, the genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The longest inter-cluster distance was between clusters II and III, and the shortest was between clusters V and VI. Cluster VI showed the longest intra-cluster distance but cluster II showed the shortest. Genotypes of cluster I were suitable for the number of branches per plant, cluster II for the fruit length, cluster III for the number of fruits per plant, and cluster IV for the single fruit weight and yield. Considering the performances, genotypes SM-111, SM-84, EGN-27, SM-183, and BARI begun-6 are suitable parents for the hybridization program.

scholarly journals CHARACTERIZATION AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF MANGABEIRA IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS, BRAZIL

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 560-571
Author(s):  
ELIZIA APARECIDA PINHEIRO ◽  
RONALDO RODRIGUES COIMBRA ◽  
KELLEN LAGARES FERREIRA SILVA ◽  
WAGNER DE MELO FERREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Morphological Variables ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Hancornia Speciosa ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize three natural populations of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) located in parts of the Cerrado in the region of Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins, as well as to evaluate phenotypic variability in individual plants based on the physicochemical properties of their fruits. Ten genotypes were selected from each population, and 20 fruits of each genotype were collected for analysis. Fruits were analyzed for transverse and longitudinal diameters, total mass, pulp mass and yield, and number and fresh mass of seeds. Two seeds were taken from each fruit for the measurement of longitudinal and transverse diameter and thickness. Furthermore, pH and soluble solids were measured in the total pulp of each genotype. Descriptive statistics were performed on the data from morphological characterization, and populations were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's test at 5% probability level. The relationship between variables was estimated by the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Phenotypic variability was verified using the principal component analysis. All three natural populations of mangabeira investigated here exhibited similar characteristics regarding fruit morphology and pH. Significant differences were detected only in the transverse diameter of the seed (Canaã had the highest value) and for total soluble solids content (Providência had the highest value). Significant correlations were found for corresponding morphological variables and pH in each population, except for several negative correlations that were observed in the Canaã population, which produced more homogeneous fruit. The Providência population presented the largest and most massive fruit. The greatest phenotypic variabilities were observed in the São Judas Tadeu and Providência populations.

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