scholarly journals The impact of microfinance programmes on access to health care, knowledge to health indicators and health status among women in Moshi, Tanzania

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. Mtamakaya ◽  
Joachim Kessy ◽  
Damian Jeremia ◽  
Sia Msuya ◽  
Babill Stray-Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Program Participation ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Programme Participation ◽  
Self Assessed Health

Background:  Microfinance Institutions (MFI) award small loans and women are the primary target. Whilst much literature has explored and acknowledged its impact on poverty alleviation and gender equality few studies have examined whether the added income also improves health outcomes to program clients. This study examined the association between participation in MFI programmes and wellbeing of clients and their family members via social determinants of health in Moshi, Tanzania.Methods: Cross-sectional data among non-elderly women were collected between October and December 2011. Multistage random sampling technique was employed to obtain study participants. The primary predictor variable was participation in MFI programs while the outcome measures were: odds of facing exclusion to health care, knowledge to health indicators related to health promotion, and self-assessed health status. A questionnaire was used to collect extensive data on demographic and socioeconomic information of the study participants.Results: A total of 900 women participated in the study. Program participation was found to be associated with increasing age (p<0.001), increasing number of living children (p<0.002) and level of income (p<0.001).  We found no association between program participation and access to health care, knowledge to health indicators related to health promotion and self-assessed health status. Only one out of seven indicators (14.2%) was significantly associated with MFI participation and access to health care. Two out of six (33.3%) health indicators showed association to MFI programme participation, while only 3 out of 15 (20%) dimensions measured in self-assessed health status showed significant association to MFI programme participation.Conclusion: These findings indicate that MFI programme participation is not associated with improved health outcomes of clients and their family members in Moshi. Strategies are needed to enhance the health-promoting capacity of MFI programmes in Moshi as shown elsewhere.

scholarly journals A public health campaing – health promotion in Roma minority population in the City of Zagreb

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Polic-Vizintin ◽  
M Škes ◽  
M Marić Bajs ◽  
Z Šostar ◽  
I Portolan Pajić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The City

Abstract Background Researchers into health inequalities consistently show disadvantages in health status for various ethnic minority groups. Socially and economically Roma are one of the most vulnerable and disadvantaged groups. The Roma population of Zagreb approximates 2.755 according to the 2011 census. “Health promotion in Roma minority” is public health initiative undertaken in the City of Zagreb in 2018. Objectives The aim was to recognize the need for early risk factors prevention, to increase health literacy and to improve access to health-care in Roma minority. The stakeholders involved in this program were Roma NGOs, Andrija Stampar Institute of Public Health, local Medical Centre and City office for health. The role of Roma activist was inportant for including Roma population. Results In order to assess the health status and health-related lifestyle attributes a multidisciplinary approach was carried out including a total of 141 members of the Roma minority living in three different quarters. Activities included preventive exams, conducted workshops “Reproductive health”, “Access right to health-care”and “Healthy lifestyles”. Hypertension was found in 15,6% Roma using standard diagnostic criteria (i.e. BP ≥ 140/90 mm Hg). High blood shugar was found in 16,3% Roma. Screening mammography exams were also carried out including 73 Roma women over 50. BI-RADS 3 category was found in 17 women (23,3%) and BI-RADS 4 + 5 category was found in one woman. Conclusions The multisectoral collaboration and the involment of Roma activist could help to achieve better inclusion of Roma population, better perception of the health messages and behavioural changes. Health sector should promote and advocate for healthier lifestyle, but community and policy are to support and complement the actions. Access to health care cannot be discussed in isolation from other problems this population group experiences, such as poverty, restricted access to education and social exclusion. Key messages The empowerment is an outcome of health literacy, but does not automatically lead to empowerment. Individual’s social and cultural context must be in focus. The involment of Roma activist could help to achieve better results.

Preventative health screening community events, a mechanism to target minority ethnic populations in improving primary care utilisation to improve health outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711005
Author(s):  
Raza Naqvi ◽  
Octavia Gale
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Minority Ethnic

BackgroundPreventative medicine has become a central focus in primary care provision, with greater emphasis on education and access to health care screening. The Department of Health reports existing health inequalities and inequalities in access within ethnic minority groups. Studies assessing the value of community engagement in primary care have reported variable outcomes in term of subsequent service utilisation.AimTo consider the benefit of community-based health screening checks to improve access and health outcomes in minority ethnic groups.MethodAn open community health screening event (n = 43), to allow targeted screening within an ethnic minority population. Screening included BP, BMI, BM and cholesterol. Results were interpreted by a healthcare professional and counselling was provided regarding relevant risk factors. Post-event feedback was gathered to collate participant opinion and views.ResultsSeventy-nine per cent of participants were from ethnic minority backgrounds: 64% were overweight or obese and 53% of participants were referred to primary care for urgent review following abnormal findings. All those referred would not have accessed healthcare without the event referral. All (100%) participants believed it improved health education and access to health care.ConclusionThis study clearly demonstrates the value of targeted community-led screening and education events in public health promotion. There was a significant benefit in providing community-based screening. There is a need for a longitudinal analysis to determine the impact on health outcomes and long-term access to healthcare provision.

Disparities in Access to Health Care and Health Status Between Documented and Undocumented Mexican Immigrants in North Texas

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ximena Urrutia-Rojas ◽  
Khiya Marshall ◽  
Elizabeth Trevino ◽  
Sue Gena Lurie ◽  
Guadalupe Minguia-Bayona
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
North Texas ◽  
Access To Health

Susceptibility to Environmental Pollutants among Minorities

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 797-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Rios ◽  
Gerald V. Poje ◽  
Roger Detels
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Health Care Education ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Genetic Makeup

Susceptibility to environmental pollutants involves both biological and nonbiobgical factors. Individuals belonging to minority groups are much more likely to be subject to a number of these factors. This paper examines biological susceptibility of minorities to environmental pollutants and provides specific examples of susceptibility resulting from: genetic makeup; occupation; other factors such as compromised health status, exposure to mixtures of pollutants, substance abuse, and unemployment; and social inequality of access to health care, education, and communication skills. Recommendations are made for specific actions and for additional studies.

scholarly journals Patient-physician communication about financial problems: A cross-sectional study among over-indebted individuals

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Warth ◽  
Marie-Therese Puth ◽  
Ulrike Zier ◽  
Niklas Beckmann ◽  
Johannes Porz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Physician Communication ◽  
Financial Problems ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Health

Abstract Background About every tenth household across Europe is unable to meet payment obligations and living expenses on an ongoing basis and is thus considered over-indebted. Previous research suggests that over-indebtedness reflects a potential cause and consequence of psychosomatic health problems and limited access to health care. However, it is unclear whether those affected discuss their financial problems with general practitioners that often serve as patients’ initial medical contact. Therefore, this study examined patient-physician communication about financial problems in general practice among over-indebted individuals. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey among clients of 70 debt advice agencies in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in 2017. We assessed the prevalence of patient-physician communication about financial problems and its association with patient characteristics using descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. Of 699 individuals who returned the questionnaire (response rate: 50.2%), we included 598 respondents enrolled in statutory health insurance with complete outcome data in the analyses. Results Less than one fourth of respondents had ever discussed financial problems with their general practitioner (n=135; 22.6%). Individuals with a high educational level were less likely to communicate about financial problems compared to those with medium educational level (aOR 0.11; 95% CI 0.01-0.83) after adjustment for other sociodemographic characteristics, health status and measures of financial distress. Those without a migrant background (aOR 2.09; 95% CI 1.32-3.32), the chronically ill (aOR 1.90; 95% CI 1.16-3.13) and individuals who reported high financial distress (aOR 2.15; 95% CI 1.22-3.78) and cutting on necessities to pay for medications (aOR 1.86; 95% CI 1.12-3.09) were more likely to report communication than their counterparts after adjustment. Conclusions Few over-indebted individuals discussed financial problems with their general practitioner. The findings suggest that patients’ health status, coping strategies and perception of financial distress might contribute to variations in disclosure of financial problems. Thus, enhancing communication and screening by routine assessment of financial problems in clinical practice can help to identify vulnerable patients and promote access to health care and social services and well-being for all.

Health Status and Access to Health Care of Documented and Undocumented Immigrant Latino Women

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 916-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khiya J. Marshall ◽  
Ximena Urrutia-Rojas ◽  
Francisco Soto Mas ◽  
Claudia Coggin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Undocumented Immigrant ◽  
Latino Women ◽  
Access To Health

Health status and access to health care of British nationals living on the Costa Blanca, Spain

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL LA PARRA ◽  
MIGUEL ANGEL MATEO
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
British Home

ABSTRACTThe aims of this paper are to review the health status of British nationals living on the Costa Blanca in the Province of Alicante, Spain, and to examine their access to health-care services. A sample of 155 of those that spent over three months a year in the area was interviewed. The results for those aged 45 or more years have been compared with those of the Health Survey for England 2003, the British Household Panel Survey 2004, the National Health Survey for Spain 2003, and the Spanish Household Panel Survey 2000. British nationals resident on the Costa Blanca appear to have a similar health profile to the Spanish and the British populations, and score higher than Spaniards and the British home population on some indicators: they have, for example, fewer mobility problems and a more positive perception of their state of health. These findings are consistent with the ‘healthy migrant hypothesis’. The Valencia Region Health Service provides health-care services to 62 per cent of this population. The total number of British residents' visits to a general practitioner is approximately the same as that of their Spanish neighbours. As for admissions to hospital, British residents on the Costa Blanca show trends similar to the population of the United Kingdom. The use of private health-care is relatively high, compared to the Spanish and the British populations.

Health Status and Access to Health Care Services

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laureen H. Smith ◽  
Christopher H. Holloman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Access To Health
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