Preliminary Evaluation of the Fossomatic Somatic Cell Counter for Analysis of Individual Cow Samples in a Central Testing Laboratory1

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 523-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. HEALD ◽  
G. M. JONES ◽  
S. C. NICKERSON ◽  
W. N. PATTERSON ◽  
W. E. VINSON
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
California Mastitis Test ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counter

This study evaluated the feasibility of using the Fossomatic somatic cell counter in the Dairy Herd Improvement Association (DHIA). DHIA utilizes preserved milk samples which have usually been stored for 1–5 days. Milk samples were stored for various periods, up to 7 days, and were preserved with (a) dichromate at 5 C, (b) dichromate at ambient temperatures, or (c) without dichromate at 5 C. These samples were evaluated with the Fossomatic and compared to direct microscopic cell counts (DMC) of these same milks when fresh. The best storage scheme was dichromate preservation at 5 C. The correlation between Fossomatic (FOM) at 7 days and DMC was .96. The regression equation was FOM = 20 + 1.11 (DMC). Analysis of variance of treatments 1 and 2 was significantly different (P < .01) with treatment 1 (dichromate at 5 C) having lower mean counts and a high correlation with DMC. Results were not sufficiently different, however, to appreciably change the evaluation of an individual cow's mastitis status. Treatment 3 (unpreserved milk) gave lower correlation coefficients than treatment 1 or 2 and at times, samples were uncountable. Comparison of the somatic cell count with bacterial isolation showed that 68% of 929 mammary quarters had <500,000 cells/ml and no bacterial infection. Agreement between California Mastitis Test (CMT) and Fossomatic scores decreased with increasing cell numbers/ml to a low of 16% agreement for CMT 3. The Fossomatic flouro-optical quantitative technique for somatic cells affords a low sample cost, high volume, accurate system adaptable for central laboratory use.

scholarly journals Short communication: Influence of the sampling device on somatic cell count variation in cow milk samples (by official recording)

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e05SC01
Author(s):  
Ramiro Fouz ◽  
María J. Vilar ◽  
Eduardo Yus ◽  
María-Luisa Sanjuán ◽  
Francisco J. Diéguez
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Portable Devices ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Sampling Device ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts

<p>The objective of this study was to investigate the variability in cow´s milk somatic cell counts (SCC) depending on the type of milk meter used by dairy farms for official milk recording. The study was performed in 2011 and 2012 in the major cattle area of Spain. In total, 137,846 lactations of Holstein-Friesian cows were analysed at 1,912 farms. A generalised least squares regression model was used for data analysis. The model showed that the milk meter had a substantial effect on the SCC for individual milk samples obtained for official milk recording. The results suggested an overestimation of the SCC in milk samples from farms that had electronic devices in comparison with farms that used portable devices and underestimation when volumetric meters are used. A weak positive correlation was observed between the SCC and the percentage of fat in individual milk samples. The results underline the importance of considering this variable when using SCC data from milk recording in the dairy herd improvement program or in quality milk programs.</p>

Comparison of the Automated with the Semi-Automatic Coulter Counter Method and the Direct Microscopic Somatic Cell Count (DMSCC) on Raw Milk Samples1

1979 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 567-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. GINN ◽  
V. S. PACKARD ◽  
D. R. THOMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counter ◽  
Electronic Cell Counter

The automatic Milk Cell Counter (MCC) and semi-automatic electronic cell counter (ESCC) of Coulter Electronics were compared with each other and with the direct microscopic cell count (DMSCC) on raw milk samples with various cell counts. The average DMSCC count on 241 samples of milk with Wisconsin Mastitis Test (WMT) results of 22 mm and higher was 55,000 cells/ml above the average MCC count when calibrated to a 4.4-μm minimum particle diameter. This difference is statistically significant at the 1% level. On 24 different raw milk samples of widely varying somatic cell count analyzed in replicate six times per sample, the standard deviations for replicate samples were 34,300, 34,900 and 136,000 for the MCC, ESCC and DMSCC, respectively. For these tests, the MCC had been calibrated to a 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter. The average difference between counts by the MCC and ESCC methods was only 6080/ml, but this was statistically significant at the 5% level. The average MCC count with the equipment set at 4.3-μm minimum particle diameter was 58,000 above the average DMSCC count.

scholarly journals Variation in Somatic Cell Counts in Dairy Herd Improvement Milk Samples

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1119-1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.W. Bodoh ◽  
W.J. Battista ◽  
L.H. Schultz ◽  
R.P. Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts

Mastitis vaccination using a commercial polyvalent vaccine or a herd-specific Staphylococcus aureus vaccine

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (04) ◽  
pp. 219-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hamedy ◽  
Oliver Passarge ◽  
Axel Sobiraj ◽  
Markus Freick ◽  
Yvonne Frank ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Health State ◽  
Udder Health ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts

Summary Objective of this study was the improvement of selected parameters of udder health by mastitis vaccination in a dairy herd with elevated bulk milk somatic cell counts and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus as predominant mastitis causing pathogen. Material and methods: On a dairy farm, pregnant heifers (status group [SG] 1; n = 181) as well as cows stratified for their udder health state (classification based on results of cytobacteriological investigations of quarter milk samples obtained before dry cow therapy [MS0]) (SG 2–4; n = 416) were randomly assigned to one of the following vaccination groups (VG): Startvac® (VG SV), Bestvac® Rind Mastitis (containing herd-specific S. aureus-strains; VG BV) and the unvaccinated control (VG Co, placebo), respectively. The collected data (5 [MS5] and 52 [MS52] days in milk [DIM]: quarter milk somatic cell count [QSCC] and bacteriological investigation of quarter milk samples; dairy herd improvement test [DHIT] days 1–10: milk yield and individual cow somatic cell count; until 305 DIM: clinical mastitis cases) were compared between the VG within their SG. Results: S. aureus prevalences were significantly lower in VG SV (p < 0.001) and VG BV (p = 0.006) within SG 3 and in VG SV (p = 0.008) within SG 4, respectively, in comparison to VG Co. Milk yields (DHIT days [p = 0.042] and 305-day milk yield [p = 0.040]) were significantly less in VG SV within SG 4 compared to VG Co. Significant different changes over time in comparison to VG Co indicating a vaccine effect during lactation were only observed for QSCC within SG 4 for VG BV (p = 0.017; increase towards MS52) and for S. aureus prevalence within SG 3 for VG BV (p < 0.001; opposing trends from MS0 towards MS52). All other interactions of time and VG under investigation were not significant in any of the SG. Furthermore, there were no descriptive differences in the incidence of clinical mastitis and duration of a necessary mastitis therapy, respectively, between the VG within their SG. Conclusion: In this field study, the application of two different mastitis vaccines was not an appropriate tool to improve the considered parameters of udder health sustainably.

Use of the Fossomatic Somatic Cell Counts in a Mastitis Control Program1

1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 490-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. JONES ◽  
C. W. HEALD ◽  
W. N. PATTERSON ◽  
D. E. ROBINSON
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Average Percentage ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Herd Milk ◽  
Mastitis Control

The Fossomatic determination of somatic cells present in individual cow milk samples was instituted in the Virginia Dairy Herd Improvement testing program in June, 1976. During the first 6 months the average count was 449,060 cells/ml for 113,735 observations. The average percentage of cows according to ranges in cell counts was: under 150,000, 47.9%; 150–400,000, 25.8%; 400–800,000, 12.5%; 800–1,500,000, 7.2%; and over 1,500,000, 6.6%. The percentage of cows with less than 150,000 cells/ml was reduced for September, 1976. On a herd basis, 66% averaged less than 500,000 cells/ml, 30% between 500 to 1,000,000, and 4% exceeded 1,000,000. The percentage of herds with less than 500,000 cells/ml decreased from June to September, 1976 but increased in October. Quarters infected with primary pathogens were estimated by Westgarth's equation to be 10.4% resulting in a calculated 5% reduction in total herd milk production. Procedures are described which would assist dairymen in the interpretation of somatic cell counts.

Evaluation of low cost in-line milk samplers for estimating individual cow somatic cell counts

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIMOTHY CLARKE ◽  
SIMON-PETER ANDREWS ◽  
PETER J. MOATE ◽  
CARMEL A. POLLINO ◽  
WERNER L. SCHMIDT
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
High Line

The Dairy Herd Improvement Fund of Victoria recently identified a requirement for a simple and inexpensive in-line sampler to enable dairy farmers to collect representative milk samples for counting somatic cells. We found that the currently available simple in-line milk samplers, when connected to standard 35 ml collection vessels, terminate sampling early in a milking, and thus provide samples that are unrepresentative of the whole milking. We showed that cell count during a milking varies greatly, tending to be high for the first 1–2 l. Analyses of resulting samples will thus tend to overestimate cell counts if samplers are used in their traditional way. We found greater sampling rates in high-line compared with low-line milking systems, and consequently developed modified samplers suitable for both situations. Our samplers utilize low sampling rates (∼1–3%) and large collection vessels (450 ml). Compared with currently available simple in-line samplers, our type of sampler provided milk samples considerably more representative of the entire milking for the majority of cows. In conjunction with subsampling, they provided samples of appropriate size (12·5 ml minimum to 25 ml maximum) for testing fat, protein, lactose and cell count. Cell count results indicated that errors associated with the use of currently available simple in-line samplers could frequently be >200%. In contrast, we found that use of our samplers gave an estimate for cell count that was only slightly higher (mean 20%) than that from samples collected by an approved Tru-Test sampler.

Frequency of individual udder quarters with elevated CMT scores in cows' milk samples with low somatic cell counts

2004 ◽  
Vol 155 (7) ◽  
pp. 213-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Berglund ◽  
G. Pettersson ◽  
K. Svennersten‐Sjaunja ◽  
K. Östensson
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts

scholarly journals Rapid Detection of Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae in Cattle Bulk Tank Milk in Cyprus and Relations with Somatic Cell Counts

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 841
Author(s):  
Maria Liapi ◽  
George Botsaris ◽  
Costas Arsenoglou ◽  
Nikolas Markantonis ◽  
Christodoulos Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Mycoplasma Bovis ◽  
Bulk Tank Milk ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Bulk Tank

One hundred and seventy-seven (177) bulk tank milk samples were analyzed with a commercially available real-time polymerase chain reaction kit and 11 (6.21%), 41 (23.16%), and 58 (32.77%) tested positive for Mycoplasma bovis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus agalactiae, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between the presence of S. aureus and S. agalactiae. Enumeration of somatic cells was performed in the same samples by flow cytometry. The somatic cell counts were found higher in S. aureus and S. agalactiae positive samples. No association was found between M. bovis presence and somatic cells counts. Low internal assay control Ct values were found to be related with high somatic cell counts. Noticeably, this is the first report for the presence of M. bovis in Cyprus. Therefore, its presence was confirmed by bulk tank milk culture, conventional PCR, and next generation sequencing. Furthermore, M. bovis was typed with multilocus sequencing typing and was allocated to sequence type 29 (ST 29). Real-time PCR in bulk tank milk samples is a useful tool to detect mammary infections, especially for neglected pathogens such as M. bovis.

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