Changes in the alveolar bone thickness of maxillary incisors after orthodontic treatment involving extractions — A systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objectives: This review aimed at evaluating changes in alveolar bone thickness after completion of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Only prospective clinical studies that reported bone thickness in adult patients undergoing non-surgical orthodontic treatment were considered eligible. MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to July 2018. Results: A total of 12 studies met the selected criteria. Most of the studies showed that orthodontic treatment produces a reduction in bone thickness of incisors, mainly at the palatal side. Conclusion: On patients undergoing different orthodontic treatment techniques, there was a significant bone thickness reduction, mainly on the palatal side. Clinical relevance: These findings are relevant and have to be considered in diagnosis and planning of tooth movement, in order to prevent the occurrence of dehiscence and fenestration in alveolar bone.

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The Significance of Utilizing A Corticotomy on Periodontal and Orthodontic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology10080803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 803

Author(s):

Jonathan Gao ◽

Trung Nguyen ◽

Snehlata Oberoi ◽

Heesoo Oh ◽

Sunil Kapila ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Bone Density ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Tooth Movement ◽

Weighted Mean Difference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Hand Search ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

Canine Distalization

Purpose: This systematic review compares the clinical and radiographic outcomes for patients who received only a corticotomy or periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with those who received a conventional orthodontic treatment. Methods: An electronic search of four databases and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles published in English between January 1980 and June 2021 were performed. Human clinical trials of ≥10 patients treated with a corticotomy or PAOO with radiographic and/or clinical outcomes were included. Meta-analyses were performed to analyze the weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence interval (CI) for the recorded variables. Results: Twelve articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis revealed a localized corticotomy distal to the canine can significantly increase canine distalization (WMD = 1.15 mm, 95% CI = 0.18–2.12 mm, p = 0.02) compared to a conventional orthodontic treatment. In addition, PAOO also showed a significant gain of buccal bone thickness (WMD = 0.43 mm, 95% CI = 0.09–0.78 mm, p = 0.01) and an improvement of bone density (WMD = 32.86, 95% CI = 11.83–53.89, p = 0.002) compared to the corticotomy group. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the meta-analyses, the localized use of a corticotomy can significantly increase the amount of canine distalization during orthodontic treatment. Additionally, the use of a corticotomy as a part of a PAOO procedure significantly increases the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and it is accompanied by an increased buccal bone thickness and bone density compared to patients undergoing a conventional orthodontic treatment.

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Facial alveolar bone thickness and modifying factors of anterior maxillary teeth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cone-beam computed tomography studies

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01495-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Julio Rojo-Sanchis ◽

David Soto-Peñaloza ◽

David Peñarrocha-Oltra ◽

Miguel Peñarrocha-Diago ◽

José Viña-Almunia

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Asian Populations ◽

Modifying Factors ◽

Secondary Objective ◽

Maxillary Premolars ◽

Maxillary Incisors ◽

Gingival Phenotype

Abstract Background Understanding the anatomy of the facial alveolar bone (FAB), provides a prognostic tool for estimating the degree of dimensional ridge alterations after tooth extraction. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the FAB thickness and modifying factors of anterior maxillary teeth measured by CBCT scans. A secondary objective was to assess the facial distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the bone crest. Methods An electronic search was made of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar up to December 2019. Studies that analyze and quantitatively compare FAB thickness at maxillary teeth by CBCT scans were included. The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised using the ROBINS-I tool and the overall meta-evidence certainty using the GRADE approach. A single means random-effects meta-analysis was performed to obtain the weighted mean for 95% confidence interval. A meta-regression of covariates and subgroup analysis was conducted. The nullity Qh test and I2 index for heterogeneity was estimated. Results 2560 potentially relevant articles were recorded from which 29 studies were selected for the qualitative analysis, including 17,321 teeth. Seventeen studies considered the facial bone crest, and 12 the CEJ as a reference point for their measurements. Mean FAB thickness was ≤ 1 mm in maxillary incisors and canines (0.75–1.05 mm) and 1–2 mm in premolars. Patients over 50 years of age, females and thin gingival phenotype was associated with thinner FAB at some apico-coronal locations of maxillary incisors and canines. The geographical setting was an effect modifier that could explain up to 87% of the heterogeneity in FAB thickness, being Asian populations that showed the lowest FAB thickness values. The CEJ-bone crest distance was 2–2.5 mm in all teeth analyzed. Population over 50 years of age exhibited greater CEJ-bone crest distances, and males also showed a trend for greater distance. Evidence certainty has shown moderate quality in most analysis subsets. Conclusions Facial alveolar bone at anterior maxillary teeth is thin, heterogeneous in width along its apico-coronal dimensions, and increases in thickness in maxillary premolars. The CEJ-bone crest distance presented homogeneous and similar values in all teeth analyzed.

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Alveolar bone changes in maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth during orthodontic treatment: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Orthodontics and Craniofacial Research ◽

10.1111/ocr.12421 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Runzhi Guo ◽

Liwen Zhang ◽

Menglong Hu ◽

Yiping Huang ◽

Weiran Li

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Bone Changes

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Orthodontic approach in dental trauma: systematic review and meta-analysis

ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION ◽

10.21270/archi.v5i6.1719 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christine Men Martins ◽

Victor Eduardo de Souza Batista ◽

Ana Caroline Gonçales Verri ◽

Fellippo Ramos Verri ◽

João Eduardo Gomes Filho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Dental Trauma ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Tooth Avulsion ◽

Previous Trauma ◽

Maxillary Incisors ◽

Dichotomous Outcomes

Introduction: There is a high prevalence of dental trauma in patients in need of orthodontic treatment, so it is important the knowledge about the orthodontic approach in cases of traumatized teeth. Thus, this study conducted a systematic review about orthodontic approach in dental trauma. Materials and Methods: Two investigators performed a systematic review with meta-analysis. MEDLINE/PubMed and Cochrane Library supplied relevant data from studies published between February 2004 and September 2015 on the relationship between dental trauma and orthodontic treatment. Results: Susceptibility to pulp necrosis was the dichotomous outcomes measure evaluated by risk ratio (RR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). The quality was evaluated using the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (EbM) guidelines. A search strategy and application of eligibility criteria enabled selection and evaluation of four studies on orthodontic treatment in traumatized teeth. In total, 1.696 patients (average age 11.6 years) with orthodontic treatment over 24.2 months were studied, and 484 had already suffered dental trauma and undergone orthodontic treatment. The primary observed sequelae after orthodontic treatment indicated greater susceptibility to pulp necrosis in traumatized teeth compared to no previous trauma. The patients with orthodontically treated traumatized maxillary incisors were more susceptible to pulp necrosis (RR: 7.6; 95% CI: 3.64 to 15.87; p= 0.00001) compared to patients with previous dental trauma to the maxillary incisors and no subsequent orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: There is no well-established protocol for these cases; such treatment must be careful and respect the healing period post-trauma, when these teeth are more susceptible to pulp necrosis and pulp obliteration. Descriptors: Tooth Injuries; Wounds and Injuries; Tooth Avulsion; Orthodontics, Corrective.

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Predisposing factors to severe external root resorption associated to orthodontic treatment

Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics ◽

10.1590/s2176-94512013000100022 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 110-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Gracemia Vasconcelos Picanço ◽

Karina Maria Salvatore de Freitas ◽

Rodrigo Hermont Cançado ◽

Fabricio Pinelli Valarelli ◽

Paulo Roberto Barroso Picanço ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Alveolar Bone ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Predisposing Factors ◽

Crown Root ◽

External Root Resorption ◽

Lateral Cephalograms ◽

Maxillary Incisors

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate predisposing factors among patients who developed moderate or severe external root resorption (Malmgren's grades 3 and 4), on the maxillary incisors, during fixed orthodontic treatment in the permanent dentition. METHODS: Ninety-nine patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with fixed edgewise appliances were selected. Patients were divided into two groups: G1 - 50 patients with no root resorption or presenting only apical irregularities (Malmgren's grades 0 and 1) at the end of the treatment, with mean initial age of 16.79 years and mean treatment time of 3.21 years; G2 - 49 patients presenting moderate or severe root resorption (Malmgren's grades 3 and 4) at the end of treatment on the maxillary incisors, with mean initial age of 19.92 years and mean treatment time of 3.98 years. Periapical radiographs and lateral cephalograms were evaluated. Factors that could influence the occurrence of severe root resorption were also recorded. Statistical analysis included chi-square tests, Fisher's exact test and independent t tests. RESULTS: The results demonstrated significant difference between the groups for the variables: Extractions, initial degree of root resorption, root length and crown/root ratio at the beginning, and cortical thickness of the alveolar bone. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that: Presence of root resorption before the beginning of treatment, extractions, reduced root length, decreased crown/root ratio and thin alveolar bone represent risk factors for severe root resorption in maxillary incisors during orthodontic treatment.

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Comparison of InvisalignⓇ Aligners versus Fixed Appliance Treatment in pain perception: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.9973/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Dinis Pereira ◽

Vanessa Machado ◽

João Botelho ◽

José João Mendes ◽

Ana Sintra Delgado

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Orthodontic Treatment ◽

Pain Perception ◽

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Multiple Time ◽

Case Control Studies ◽

Standard Material ◽

Fixed Appliances

Abstract Background: This systematic review aimed to compare the pain discomfort levels between InvisalignⓇ aligners comparing with traditional fixed appliances at multiple time points, through Pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Methods: Four electronic databases (Pubmed, Medline, CENTRAL and Scholar) were searched up to February 2019. There were no restrictions on year and publication status. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and case-control studies comparing pain perception through VAS in patients treated with Invisalign aligners and with labial appliances were included. Risk of bias within and across studies was assessed using Cochrane tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) approach. Random-effects meta-analysis were conducted. VAS score at 1, 3 and 7 days, and analgesic consumption was collected. Pairwise and Binary Random-Effects Meta-analyses were used to synthesize available data. Results: At the initial search, a total of 87 articles were retrieved. Following the review protocol, 4 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included, with a total of 214 participants (139 females, 75 males). All studies were considered of high methodological quality. The results demonstrate that Invisalign aligners seems to be associated with significantly less pain than fixed appliances at 7 days after beginning the orthodontic treatment, although at 1 and 3 days the pain experience was similar in both orthodontics appliances. In regard to the type of material, SmartTrackⓇ aligners appear to give significantly better comfort for orthodontic patients than previous standard material, being that 3 days after appliance’s insertion this pain differential becomes significant, and this difference is more pronounced at 7 days. Conclusion: Patients treated with Invisalign experience less pain discomfort than those treated with fixed appliances and consume less analgesics. Overall, Invisalign promotes better pain and discomfort experience for the patient in the course of orthodontic treatment. Larger RCTs are needed to definitely demonstrate these findings throughout the orthodontic treatment.

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