scholarly journals The Significance of Utilizing A Corticotomy on Periodontal and Orthodontic Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 803
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gao ◽  
Trung Nguyen ◽  
Snehlata Oberoi ◽  
Heesoo Oh ◽  
Sunil Kapila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bone Density ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Canine Distalization

Purpose: This systematic review compares the clinical and radiographic outcomes for patients who received only a corticotomy or periodontal accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (PAOO) with those who received a conventional orthodontic treatment. Methods: An electronic search of four databases and a hand search of peer-reviewed journals for relevant articles published in English between January 1980 and June 2021 were performed. Human clinical trials of ≥10 patients treated with a corticotomy or PAOO with radiographic and/or clinical outcomes were included. Meta-analyses were performed to analyze the weighted mean difference (WMD) and confidence interval (CI) for the recorded variables. Results: Twelve articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis revealed a localized corticotomy distal to the canine can significantly increase canine distalization (WMD = 1.15 mm, 95% CI = 0.18–2.12 mm, p = 0.02) compared to a conventional orthodontic treatment. In addition, PAOO also showed a significant gain of buccal bone thickness (WMD = 0.43 mm, 95% CI = 0.09–0.78 mm, p = 0.01) and an improvement of bone density (WMD = 32.86, 95% CI = 11.83–53.89, p = 0.002) compared to the corticotomy group. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the meta-analyses, the localized use of a corticotomy can significantly increase the amount of canine distalization during orthodontic treatment. Additionally, the use of a corticotomy as a part of a PAOO procedure significantly increases the rate of orthodontic tooth movement and it is accompanied by an increased buccal bone thickness and bone density compared to patients undergoing a conventional orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Low-level Laser Therapy in the Acceleration of Fixed Orthodontic Tooth Movement: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Guo ◽  
Lijuan Zhou ◽  
Chong Feng ◽  
Xiao Chang ◽  
Kaifang Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Low Level Laser Therapy ◽  
Level Laser ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Orthodontic treatment is a long-term therapy with time-related adverse effects. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used in the clinic as an intervention to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and prevent adverse effects. Previous systematic reviews have evaluated the effectiveness of LLLT in the acceleration of OTM. However, it remains unclear which treatment parameters are appropriate for LLLT. This review will evaluate the efficacy of LLLT on the acceleration of fixed OTM and the prevention of adverse effects.Methods: Several electronic databases will be searched. Grey literature also will be retrieved. Parallel or clustered randomised controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of different LLLTs on the acceleration of fixed OTM will be included. Two researchers will independently screen all titles, abstracts, and full-text articles retrieval, as well as data extraction. The risk bias of each study will be appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool (RoB 2.0). The primary outcome will be the efficacy of LLLT on the acceleration of fixed OTM (e.g., canine movement distance, orthodontic treatment duration). Secondary outcomes will be the effectiveness of LLLT to reduce orthodontic adverse effects such as pain and root resorption. The mean difference (MD) and relative risk (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) will be chosen as effective measures for continuous and binary outcomes, respectively. When feasible, both fixed and random-effects pairwise meta-analyses and frequentist network meta-analyses will be conducted.Discussion: This network meta-analysis will compare the efficacy of LLLT on the acceleration of fixed OTM as well as whether LLLT can prevent adverse effects of this orthodontic treatment. By integrating the current evidence from direct and indirect comparisons and ranking all included interventions, our findings have the potential to help clinicians achieve more effective treatment goals.Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020175850

scholarly journals Efficacy of Oral Ginger (Zingiber officinale) for Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen X. Chen ◽  
Bruce Barrett ◽  
Kristine L. Kwekkeboom
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Methodological Quality ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses

This systematic review examines the efficacy of oral ginger for dysmenorrhea. Key biomedical databases and grey literature were searched. We included randomized controlled trials comparing oral ginger against placebo or active treatment in women with dysmenorrhea. Six trials were identified. Two authors independently reviewed the articles, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus with a third reviewer. We completed a narrative synthesis of all six studies and exploratory meta-analyses of three studies comparing ginger with placebo and two studies comparing ginger with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Ginger appeared more effective for reducing pain severity than placebo. The weighted mean difference on a 10 cm visual analogue scale was 1.55 cm (favoring ginger) (95% CI 0.68 to 2.43). No significant difference was found between ginger and mefenamic acid (an NSAID). The standardized mean difference was 0 (95% CI −0.40 to 0.41). Available data suggest that oral ginger could be an effective treatment for menstrual pain in dysmenorrhea. Findings, however, need to be interpreted with caution because of the small number of studies, poor methodological quality of the studies, and high heterogeneity across trials. The review highlights the need for future trials with high methodological quality.

Effect of micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement—a systematic review and a meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Shahabee ◽  
Hooman Shafaee ◽  
Mostafa Abtahi ◽  
Abdolrasoul Rangrazi ◽  
Erfan Bardideh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Canine Retraction

Abstract Background The micro-osteoperforation can be used to increase the rate of tooth movement, simplify complex orthodontic movements, and also help adjust the anchorage but there are conflicting reports on the effectiveness and adverse effects of this intervention. Objectives The aim of our systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effects of micro-osteoperforation on the rate of tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Search methods A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, ISI web of science, EMBASE, Scopus, and CENTRAL online databases for studies measuring the effects of micro-osteoperforation on the rate of orthodontic tooth movement from inception to February 2019 was performed. Selection criteria Based on the PICO model, human studies which evaluated the effects of MOP on the rate of tooth movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were selected for this review. Data collection and analysis The relevant data from the eligible studies were extracted using piloted custom extraction forms. The data were combined and analysed using inverse-variance random-effect meta-analysis and the mean difference was used for comparing the outcome measures. Results Six randomized clinical trials were finally included in this meta-analysis. The rate of canine retraction per month was significantly higher in the MOP group [mean difference (MD) = 0.45 mm, 95% CI = 0.17–0.74]. These results were similar with regard to different malocclusions, the jaw on which it was performed, and MOP methods. The patients did not report any significant differences in terms of pain severity levels after MOP. With regard to the adverse effects, one study reported higher amounts of root resorption among patients undergoing MOP. Conclusions The rate of tooth movement was increased after performing MOP but in at least one study higher root resorption was observed. Therefore, the use of MOP can be recommended after weighing the benefits and disadvantages this intervention can bring for each patient. Registration The protocol for this review was registered via crd.york.ac.uk/prospero with the ID CRD42019115499.

scholarly journals Fluoride Varnish and Dental Caries in Preschoolers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 502-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Santos de Oliveira de Sousa ◽  
Ana Paula Pires dos Santos ◽  
Paulo Nadanovsky ◽  
Philippe Hujoel ◽  
Joana Cunha-Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Program ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Prediction Intervals ◽  
Fluoride Varnish ◽  
Dental Services ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Meta Analyses

The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of fluoride varnish (FV) in reducing dentine caries at the patient, tooth, and surface levels as well as caries-related hospitalizations in preschoolers. We performed a systematic review of clinical trials of FV, alone or associated with an oral health program, compared with placebo, usual care, or no intervention. Bibliographical search included electronic searches of seven databases, registers of ongoing trials, and meeting abstracts, as well as hand searching. We performed random-effects meta-analyses and calculated confidence and prediction intervals. The search yielded 2,441 records; 20 trials were included in the review and 17 in at least one meta-analysis. Only one study had low risk of bias in all domains. We found no study reporting on caries-related hospitalizations. At the individual level, the pooled relative risk was 0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.81, 0.95); this means that in a population of preschool children with 50% caries incidence, we need to apply fluoride varnish in 17 children to avoid new caries in one child. At the tooth level, the pooled weighted mean difference was –0.30 (95% CI –0.69, 0.09) and at the surface level –0.77 (95% CI –1.23, –0.31). Considering the prediction intervals, none of the pooled estimates were statistically significant. We conclude that FV showed a modest and uncertain anticaries effect in preschoolers. Cost-effectiveness analyses are needed to assess whether FV should be adopted or abandoned by dental services.

scholarly journals Effect of orthodontic treatment on alveolar bone thickness in adults: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Sendyk ◽  
Daniele Sigal Linhares ◽  
Claudio Mendes Pannuti ◽  
João Batista de Paiva ◽  
José Rino Neto
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Thickness Reduction ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Treatment Techniques

ABSTRACT Objectives: This review aimed at evaluating changes in alveolar bone thickness after completion of orthodontic treatment. Methods: Only prospective clinical studies that reported bone thickness in adult patients undergoing non-surgical orthodontic treatment were considered eligible. MEDLINE, EMBASE and LILACS databases were searched for articles published up to July 2018. Results: A total of 12 studies met the selected criteria. Most of the studies showed that orthodontic treatment produces a reduction in bone thickness of incisors, mainly at the palatal side. Conclusion: On patients undergoing different orthodontic treatment techniques, there was a significant bone thickness reduction, mainly on the palatal side. Clinical relevance: These findings are relevant and have to be considered in diagnosis and planning of tooth movement, in order to prevent the occurrence of dehiscence and fenestration in alveolar bone.

Adverse Events after Rigid and Flexible Endoscopic Repair of Zenker’s Diverticula: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 161 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna Crawley ◽  
Salem Dehom ◽  
Shanalee Tamares ◽  
Abdullah Marghalani ◽  
Julina Ongkasuwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Endoscopic Techniques ◽  
Vocal Fold Palsy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective To determine adverse events after endoscopic flexible vs endoscopic rigid cricopharyngeal myotomy for treatment of Zenker’s diverticulum (ZD). Data Sources Systematic review of MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for all years according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Additional studies were identified from review citations and a by hand search of manuscripts referencing ZD. Review Methods A structured literature search was conducted to identify studies for this systematic review. Methodological Index for Non-randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria were applied to assess study quality. For inclusion, each study had to provide data for at least 10 adult patients who had undergone endoscopic ZD repair reporting clear association with the postprocedure course in each case. Data extracted included all reported adverse events, recurrences, follow-up, and operative times. Results In total, 115 studies were included. All but 8 were retrospective case series. Sixty-one reported series of patients after rigid endoscopic stapler repair, 31 after rigid laser repair, and 13 with other rigid endoscopic instruments. Twenty-nine flexible endoscopic studies were included. Mortality, infection, and perforation were not significantly more likely in either the rigid or the flexible group, but bleeding and recurrence were more likely after flexible endoscopic techniques (20% vs <10% and 4% vs 0%, respectively). Dental injury and vocal fold palsy were reported rarely in the rigid endoscopic groups. Conclusions Adverse events are rare after endoscopic Zenker’s repair. The flexible approach minimizes exposure limitations and can be completed in some patients without general anesthesia. Transoral rigid approaches result in fewer revision surgeries compared with flexible diverticulotomy.

scholarly journals Efficacy of the XEN-Implant in Glaucoma and a Meta-Analysis of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1118
Author(s):  
Huub Poelman ◽  
Jan Pals ◽  
Parinaz Rostamzad ◽  
Wichor Bramer ◽  
Roger Wolfs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Combined Procedure ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Xen Implant ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: To assess the efficacy of XEN-implant surgery in patients with glaucoma, and to perform a meta-analysis of previously published results and compare these to our data. Methods: Prospective case-control study, in which all eyes that underwent XEN-implant surgery were included from 2015 onwards. Sub-analyses were performed for eyes that underwent XEN-implant as standalone procedure and as cataract-combined procedure. To compare our results, a systematic review was performed using the Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane database. Meta-analyses were performed by combining data (intraocular pressure (IOP), IOP-lowering medication, and complications) from the retrieved studies. Results: A total of 221 eyes underwent XEN-implant surgery (124 standalone and 97 cataract-combined). The mean ± standard deviation IOP declined from 18.8 ± 6.5 to 13.5 ± 4.3 mmHg at the last follow-up (p < 0.001; 28.9%). Postoperative, no significant differences in IOP or IOP-lowering medication were found between patients with and without combined procedure. Secondary surgeries were performed in 20.8% of eyes, most of them (63.0%) within six months. A meta-analysis of 19 studies retrieved from the systematic review showed a two-years postoperative pooled mean (weighted mean difference) of 14.5 (7.3) mmHg and 1.0 (1.6) for IOP and IOP-lowering medications, respectively (compared to 13.5 (5.3) mmHg and 3.2 (2.4) in the current study). Conclusion: XEN-implant surgery was effective and safe in lowering IOP and the number of IOP-lowering medications. There were no differences between standalone and combined procedures.

scholarly journals Insufficient hyperfibrinolysis in COVID-19: a systematic review of thrombolysis based on meta-analysis and meta-regression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong-Long J Ji ◽  
Zhenlei Su ◽  
Runzhen Zhao ◽  
Andrey A Komissarov ◽  
Guohua Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Clinical Biomarkers ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
D Dimer

Background How aberrant fibrinolysis influences the clinical progression of COVID-19 presents a clinicopathological dilemma challenging intensivists. To investigate whether abnormal fibrinolysis is a culprit or protector or both, we associated elevated plasma D-dimer with clinical variables to identify a panoramic view of the derangements of fibrinolysis that contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19 based on studies available in the literature. Methods We performed this systematic review based on both meta-analysis and meta-regression to compute the correlation of D-dimer at admission with clinical features of COVID-19 patients in retrospective studies or case series. We searched the databases until Aug 18, 2020, with no limitations by language. The first hits were screened, data extracted, and analyzed in duplicate. We did the random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions (both univariate and multivariate). D-dimer associated clinical variables and potential mechanisms were schematically reasoned and graphed. Findings Our search identified 42 observational, or retrospective, or case series from six countries (n=14,862 patients) with all races and ages from 1 to 98-year-old. The weighted mean difference of D-dimer was 0.97 μg/mL (95% CI 0.65, 1.29) between relatively mild (or healthy control) and severely affected groups with significant publication bias. Univariate meta-regression identified 58 of 106 clinical variables were associated with plasma D-dimer levels, including 3 demographics, 5 comorbidies, 22 laboratory tests, 18 organ injury biomarkers, 8 severe complications, and 2 outcomes (discharge and death). Of these, 11 readouts were negatively associated with the level of plasma D-dimer. Further, age and gender were confounding factors for the identified D-dimer associated variables. There were 22 variables independently correlated with the D-dimer level, including respiratory rate, dyspnea plasma K+, glucose, SpO2, BUN, bilirubin, ALT, AST, systolic blood pressure, and CK. We thus propose that "insufficient hyperfibrinolysis (fibrinolysis is accelerated but unable to prevent adverse clinical impact for clinical deterioration COVID-19)" as a peculiar mechanism. Interpretation The findings of this meta-analysis- and meta-regression-based systematic review supports elevated D-dimer as an independent predictor for mortality and severe complications. D-dimer-associated clinical variables draw a landscape integrating the aggregate effects of systemically suppressive and locally (i.e., in the lung) hyperactive derangements of fibrinolysis. D-dimer and associated clinical biomarkers and conceptually parameters could be combined for risk stratification, potentially for tracking thrombolytic therapy or alternative interventions.

Metformin prescription and aortic aneurysm: systematic review and meta-analysis

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (17) ◽  
pp. 1351-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Yu ◽  
Dingsheng Jiang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Taiqiang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Meta Analyses

ObjectiveTo assess the association of metformin prescription with the risk of aortic aneurysm, aortic aneurysm events and the enlargement of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase and Scopus for epidemiological studies up to November 2018. We included observational studies which evaluated the association of metformin prescription with the risk of aortic aneurysm disease, and we also included studies involving progression and enlargement of AAA. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of included studies. Random-effect meta-analyses were conducted in line with the between-study heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity.ResultsEight studies enrolling 29 587 participants met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. We found that metformin prescription could significantly limit the enlargement of aortic aneurysm (weighted mean difference: −0.83 mm/year, 95% CI −1.38 to −0.28, I2=89.6%) among patients with AAA. Metformin prescription status may be associated with a decreased risk of aortic aneurysm and aortic aneurysm events.ConclusionsAccording to the available epidemiological evidence, metformin prescription could limit the expansion of AAA among patients with this disease, and may be involved with a lower incidence of aortic aneurysm and aortic aneurysm events. Randomised controlled trials are needed to confirm whether metformin could reduce the enlargement of AAA in patients with or without diabetes.

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