Internal oblique line implants in severe mandibular atrophies

BACKGROUND: The underlying morphology and behavior of abdominal muscles during breathing are still lacking in knowledge in healthy population. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of three different types of breathing on the architectural characteristics of abdominal muscles. METHODS: Ninety-eight healthy subjects were measured to assess the effects of breathing on the abdominal muscles, subjects performed three different types of breathing and the muscular thickness was measured with ultrasound imaging, analyzing also the differences between sexes. RESULTS: During the three different types of breathing and in comparison with the resting state, an increase of the thickness has been reported in the transversus abdominis (p< 0.001; effect size = 2.44, very large) and internal oblique (p< 0.001; effect size = 1.04, moderate) in both sexes, but with a higher increase in men. External oblique and rectus abdominis increased their thickness through breathing only while the lips were with pursed (p< 0.05) with trivial effect sizes and only differences between sexes were found in rectus abdominis. CONCLUSIONS: All breathings activated the deepest abdominal muscles, but the most superficial were only activated with lips pursed. Moreover, men appeared to activate more the deepest abdominal muscles but also the rectus abdominis. Findings in this study support the use of different types of breathing depending on the muscle to be activated or the sex, helping health care professionals to address their interventions on the abdominal muscles with a more focused approach.

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Cadaveric investigation of the minimum effective volume for ultrasound-guided suprainguinal fascia iliaca block

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine ◽

10.1136/rapm-2021-102563 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. rapm-2021-102563

Author(s):

Perada Kantakam ◽

Naraporn Maikong ◽

Apichat Sinthubua ◽

Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh ◽

De Q Tran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Subjects ◽

Dose Finding ◽

Effective Volume ◽

Ultrasound Guided ◽

Cadaveric Specimen ◽

Biased Coin Design ◽

Finding Study ◽

Fascia Iliaca Block ◽

Internal Oblique ◽

Previous Volume

BackgroundThis cadaveric dose-finding study investigated the minimum effective volume of dye in 90% of cases (MEV90), required to stain the femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous and obturator nerves for ultrasound-guided suprainguinal fascia iliaca block (SIFIB).MethodsIn cadaveric specimens of the lower limb, the block needle was advanced, medial to the anterosuperior iliac spine, until its tip was positioned between the internal oblique and iliacus muscles underneath the fascia iliaca. The dye was injected inside the fascia iliaca compartment. Volume assignment was carried out using a biased coin design, whereby the volume of dye administered to each cadaveric specimen depended on the response of the previous one. In case of failure, the next one received a higher volume (defined as the previous volume with an increment of 2.5 mL). If the previous cadaveric specimen had a successful block, the next one was randomized to a lower volume (defined as the previous volume with a decrement of 2.5 mL), with a probability of b=0.11, or the same volume, with a probability of 1–b=0.89. Success was defined as the staining of the femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous, and obturator nerves on dissection.ResultsThirty-six cadavers (60 cadaveric specimens) were included in the study. Using isotonic regression and bootstrap CI, the MEV90 for ultrasound-guided SIFIB was estimated to be 62.5 mL (95% CI 60 to 65).ConclusionFor ultrasound-guided SIFIB, the MEV90 of dye required to stain the femoral, lateral femoral cutaneous and obturator nerves is 62.5 mL. Further studies are required to correlate this finding with the MEV90 of local anesthetic in human subjects.

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Comparison among low intensity bridge exercises using suspension devices based on muscle activity and subjective difficulty

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/bmr-200057 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Sang-Yeol Lee ◽

Se-Yeon Park

Keyword(s):

Inclination Angle ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Erector Spinae ◽

Trunk Muscles ◽

Oblique Muscle ◽

Abdominal Muscles ◽

Internal Oblique Muscle ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Erector Spinae Muscle ◽

Internal Oblique

BACKGROUND: Recent clinical studies have revealed the advantages of using suspension devices. Although the supine, lateral, and forward leaning bridge exercises are low-intensity exercises with suspension devices, there is a lack of studies directly comparing exercise progression by measuring muscular activity and subjective difficulty. OBJECTIVE: To identify how the variations in the bridge exercise affects trunk muscle activity, the present study investigated changes in neuromuscular activation during low-intensity bridge exercises. We furthermore explored whether the height of the suspension point affects muscle activation and subjective difficulty. METHODS: Nineteen asymptomatic male participants were included. Three bridge exercise positions, supine bridge (SB), lateral bridge (LB), forward leaning (FL), and two exercise angles (15 and 30 degrees) were administered, thereby comparing six bridge exercise conditions with suspension devices. Surface electromyography and subjective difficulty data were collected. RESULTS: The rectus abdominis activity was significantly higher with the LB and FL exercises compared with the SB exercise (p< 0.05). The erector spinae muscle activity was significantly higher with the SB and LB exercises, compared with the FL exercise (p< 0.05). The LB exercise significantly increased the internal oblique muscle activity, compared with other exercise variations (p< 0.05). The inclination angle of the exercise only affected the internal oblique muscle and subjective difficulty, which were significantly higher at 30 degrees compared with 15 degrees (p< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Relatively higher inclination angle was not effective in overall activation of the trunk muscles; however, different bridge-type exercises could selectively activate the trunk muscles. The LB and SB exercises could be good options for stimulating the internal oblique abdominis, and the erector spinae muscle, while the FL exercise could minimize the erector spinae activity and activate the abdominal muscles.

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Design and Performance Evaluation of a Single-Phase Driven Ultrasonic Motor Using Bending-Bending Vibrations

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12080853 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 853

Author(s):

Dongmei Xu ◽

Wenzhong Yang ◽

Xuhui Zhang ◽

Simiao Yu

Keyword(s):

Single Phase ◽

Oblique Line ◽

Ultrasonic Motor ◽

Vibration Modes ◽

Bending Vibrations ◽

Bending Vibration ◽

Output Performance ◽

Resonance Frequencies ◽

And Performance ◽

Line Trajectory

An ultrasonic motor as a kind of smart material drive actuator has potential in robots, aerocraft, medical operations, etc. The size of the ultrasonic motor and complex circuit limits the further application of ultrasonic motors. In this paper, a single-phase driven ultrasonic motor using Bending-Bending vibrations is proposed, which has advantages in structure miniaturization and circuit simplification. Hybrid bending vibration modes were used, which were excited by only single-phase voltage. The working principle based on an oblique line trajectory is illustrated. The working bending vibration modes and resonance frequencies of the bending vibration modes were calculated by the finite element method to verify the feasibility of the proposed ultrasonic motor. Additionally, the output performance was evaluated by experiment. This paper provides a single-phase driven ultrasonic motor using Bending-Bending vibrations, which has advantages in structure miniaturization and circuit simplification.

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Perceptual distortion of an oblique line in the presence of an abutting vertical line

Vision Research ◽

10.1016/0042-6989(78)90019-6 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 923-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Peter Wenderoth ◽

Helen Beh ◽

Dennis White

Keyword(s):

Oblique Line ◽

Vertical Line ◽

Perceptual Distortion

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Electromyographic Analysis of Traditional and Nontraditional Abdominal Exercises: Implications for Rehabilitation and Training

Physical Therapy ◽

10.1093/ptj/86.5.656 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 86 (5) ◽

pp. 656-671 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Rafael F Escamilla ◽

Eric Babb ◽

Ryan DeWitt ◽

Patrick Jew ◽

Peter Kelleher ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Activity ◽

Latissimus Dorsi ◽

Rectus Femoris ◽

Rectus Abdominis ◽

Oblique Muscle ◽

Emg Activity ◽

Internal Oblique ◽

Rectus Femoris Muscle ◽

Femoris Muscle ◽

Roll Out

Abstract Background and Purpose. Performing nontraditional abdominal exercises with devices such as abdominal straps, the Power Wheel, and the Ab Revolutionizer has been suggested as a way to activate abdominal and extraneous (nonabdominal) musculature as effectively as more traditional abdominal exercises, such as the crunch and bent-knee sit-up. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of traditional and nontraditional abdominal exercises in activating abdominal and extraneous musculature. Subjects. Twenty-one men and women who were healthy and between 23 and 43 years of age were recruited for this study. Methods. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to assess muscle activity from the upper and lower rectus abdominis, external and internal oblique, rectus femoris, latissimus dorsi, and lumbar paraspinal muscles while each exercise was performed. The EMG data were normalized to maximum voluntary muscle contractions. Differences in muscle activity were assessed by a 1-way, repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results. Upper and lower rectus abdominis, internal oblique, and latissimus dorsi muscle EMG activity were highest for the Power Wheel (pike, knee-up, and roll-out), hanging knee-up with straps, and reverse crunch inclined 30 degrees. External oblique muscle EMG activity was highest for the Power Wheel (pike, knee-up, and roll-out) and hanging knee-up with straps. Rectus femoris muscle EMG activity was highest for the Power Wheel (pike and knee-up), reverse crunch inclined 30 degrees, and bent-knee sit-up. Lumbar paraspinal muscle EMG activity was low and similar among exercises. Discussion and Conclusion. The Power Wheel (pike, knee-up, and roll-out), hanging knee-up with straps, and reverse crunch inclined 30 degrees not only were the most effective exercises in activating abdominal musculature but also were the most effective in activating extraneous musculature. The relatively high rectus femoris muscle activity obtained with the Power Wheel (pike and knee-up), reverse crunch inclined 30 degrees, and bent-knee sit-up may be problematic for some people with low back problems.

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NEW SPECIES OF GEOMETRIDAE WITH NOTES, II

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent71249-12 ◽

1939 ◽

Vol 71 (12) ◽

pp. 249-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. McDunnough

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Oblique Line ◽

Black Spot ◽

Small Black Spot

Male. Palpi extremely short and stubby. Antennae slightly compressed laterally but not particularly thickened. Primaries light smoky gay, sprinkled with deeper smoky. Basal space light gray, bordered outwardly by a strong black oblique line which is angled rather sharply below costa and then somewhat concave outwardly to vein I, ending in a small black spot on inner margin.

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An Anatomic Study of the External Laryngeal Framework with Surgical Implications

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1177/019459989210600305 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 106 (3) ◽

pp. 235-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Lawrence Z. Meiteles ◽

Pi-Tang Lin ◽

Eugene J. Wenk

Keyword(s):

Vocal Fold ◽

Anterior Commissure ◽

Thyroid Cartilage ◽

Oblique Line ◽

Type I ◽

Anatomic Study ◽

True Vocal Cord ◽

Precise Knowledge ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

Superior Border

Precise knowledge of the level of the vocal fold as projected on the external thyroid cartilage is of critical importance for the performance of thyroplasty type I and supraglottic laryngectomy. Measurements of the external laryngeal framework were made on the larynges of 18 human cadavers in order to identify landmarks that will aid the surgeon in determining endolaryngeal anatomy. On the basis of our results, the following guidelines are recommended: (1) Thyroid cartilage incision for supra-glottic laryngectomy should be made on a line joining the juncture of the upper one third and lower two thirds of the midline length and the juncture of the upper one third and lower two thirds of the oblique line. This will ensure a position above the level of the anterior commissure and the true vocal cord; (2) In thyroplasty type I, the superior border of the thyroid cartilage window should be made at a line joining the midpoint of the midline length and the juncture of the upper two thirds and lower one third of the oblique line. Formation of the cartilage window according to this guideline will ensure its placement lateral to the vocalis muscle.

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Reconstruction of complex cranial and carniofacial defects utilizing iliac crest-internal oblique microsurgical free flap

Microsurgery ◽

10.1002/micr.1920090218 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 154-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Saleh M. Shenaq

Keyword(s):

Free Flap ◽

Iliac Crest ◽

Internal Oblique

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Anatomical landmarks of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve

Endocrine Surgery ◽

10.14341/serg10050 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 161-177

Author(s):

Viktor Y. Malyuga ◽

Aleksandr A. Kuprin

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cartilage ◽

Oblique Line ◽

Superior Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Laryngeal Nerve ◽

Constrictor Muscle ◽

External Branch ◽

Close Proximity ◽

Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor ◽

Line Type

Background. The external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervates a cricothyroid muscle, which provides tension in vocal cords and formation of high-frequency sounds. When the nerve is damaged during surgery, patients may notice hoarseness, inability to utter high pitched sounds, “rapid fatigue” of the voice, and dysphagia. According to literature, paresis of an external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve reaches up to 58% after thyroid surgery. Aim: to identify permanent landmarks and topographic variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. Materials and methods. The study is based on the autopsy material (21 complexes organs of the neck) and on identification of variations of 40 external branches of the superior laryngeal nerve. We identified two permanent landmarks that are located at the minimum distance from nerve and we made metrical calculations relative to them: oblique line of thyroid cartilage and tendinous arch of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Results. The piercing point of the nerve is always located at the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle without protruding beyond the oblique line of thyroid cartilage superiorly and tendinous arch of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle anteriorly. The nerve had the parallel direction in 92.8% of cases (angel less than 30 degrees) relative to the oblique line and in 85.7% cases it was in close proximity to this line (at distance up to 4 mm). The proposed topographic classification of the location of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve is based on localization of the piercing point of the nerve relative to the length of the oblique line of thyroid cartilage and the risk of nerve damage. In 14.2% of cases, the piercing point was in the front third of the line (type I), and in 50% it was in the middle third of this line (type II). These variations of the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve was in close proximity to the upper pole of the thyroid gland, which could have lead to its damage during surgery. In type III and IV (35.8%) – the piercing point in the muscle was located as far as possible from the upper pole of the thyroid gland and the greater part of the nerve was covered with the fibers of inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Conclusion. We identified the main orienteers for the search and proposed anatomical classification of the location of the external branch on the superior laryngeal nerve.

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