The Social and Economic Precursors of Crack Use in Inner Cities

2012 ◽  
pp. 25-42
Keyword(s):  
Inner Cities ◽  
Crack Use ◽  
The Social

‘Latino Gentrification’?: Focusing on Physical and Socioeconomic Patterns of Change in Latin American Inner Cities

Urban Studies ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 2085-2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Inzulza-Contardo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Morphology ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Socioeconomic Patterns

Although gentrification is an accepted process nowadays around the globe, little debate is found in the Latin American context—particularly, when considering that 70 per cent of this continent is urbanised and that major physical and socioeconomic changes have been observed in its historical neighbourhoods in the past 20 years. This paper focuses on the continuity and change that Santiago, Chile, has shown in recent decades. Empirical data are provided to reflect both the physical and socioeconomic patterns of change that have modified the urban morphology and the social capital of Santiago’s inner city. Furthermore, by selecting Bellavista—one of the oldest inner-city neighbourhoods of Santiago—this paper draws conclusions about how specific urban regeneration strategies can promote gentrification and then links them with wider patterns of ‘Latino gentrification’.

scholarly journals Canaries in the mine? Gay community, consumption and aspiration in neoliberal Washington, DC

Urban Studies ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel M Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Property Ownership ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Gay Community ◽  
Creative City ◽  
The Social ◽  
Gay Communities

Gay men have been implicated in neoliberal urban development strategies (e.g. the creative city) as a ‘canary’ population that forecasts growth. Paradoxically, both neoliberal re-development of North American inner-cities and the ways in which gay men become neoliberalised as individuals contribute to the dissolution of urban gay communities. In contrast to discourses of homonormativity, which suggest that gay men’s declining attachments to gay communities stem from new equalities and consequent desires to assimilate into the mainstream, this article argues that gay men in DC have internalised neoliberal discourses that call for career development, home ownership and social hypermobilities. The narratives of 24 gay-identified men living in DC indicate that the social and spatial dissolution of the gay community is linked with individual aspirations that are increasingly difficult to achieve. These aspirations include career advancement in a transient local economy, property ownership in an out-of-reach market, and the attainment of social status based on an ability to move through multiple neighbourhoods and venues with ease. As might be expected, African American and working class men are often left beyond the fray of these new neoliberal ideals.

The Critical Margin and America's Inner Cities

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Rostow
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Inner City ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Pathology ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
Urban Problem ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
World Environment

I agree with British economist Alfred Marshall about the high costs of "wasteful negligence" of the poor and with the Economist that the slums in our cities constitute "America's main domestic challenge." But those judgments alone would not justify making the urban problem the subject of the final substantive chapter of this book. What argues for coming to rest here on the contemporary urban problem is the view that it will be impossible, over a period of time, for the United States to play the role of critical margin on the world scene if we do not solve the urban problem. By "solve," I do not mean a reduction of the social pathology within the inner cities to the level of the more affluent counties that surround them. That will take time, perhaps a generation or more. Indeed, it might never happen. In any case, there is no quick fix. By "solve," I mean the bringing about of a systematic and substantive process of decline in the social pathology of the inner city. That demonstration will convince those who live there and the community as a whole that the job is doable. Right now, the greatest obstacle to a solution of the problem is the belief both in the inner city and the community at large that the job is not doable. As I said on another occasion:… When i am asked how I would rate the urban problem on the agenda of national-security problems, I reply it is our number one nationalsecurity problem. If we succeed in mastering the current urban problem of our country, we shall strengthen our hand on the world scene. We shall demonstrate that we can he a truly multiracial society, which is at the same time true to the international ideals to which we as a nation have long been committed. Nothing constructive can be accomplished in this dynamic, contentious, aspiring world without the active participation of the United States. But, ii we fail to master the urban problem, we shall, I fear, turn inward, away from the world. We shall he unable to play our part at the critical margin. And we shall risk a world environment of chaos.

scholarly journals Food insufficiency among HIV-infected crack-cocaine users in Atlanta and Miami

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1478-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas S Vogenthaler ◽  
Craig Hadley ◽  
Sarah J Lewis ◽  
Allan E Rodriguez ◽  
Lisa R Metsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Food Insufficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Crack Use ◽  
The Social ◽  
Prevention Programmes ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Cocaine Users

AbstractObjectiveTo measure the occurrence and correlates of food insufficiency among HIV-infected crack-cocaine users in Atlanta and Miami, USA.DesignNon-probability cross-sectional sample.SettingInner-city hospitals in Atlanta and Miami.SubjectsTwo hundred and eighty-seven HIV-infected crack users.ResultsOne-third (34 %) of respondents experienced food insufficiency within 30 d of interview. Increased odds of food insufficiency was associated with current homelessness (adjusted OR = 3·78, 95 % CI 1·70, 8·41), living alone (adjusted OR = 2·85, 95 % CI 1·36, 5·98), religious service attendance (adjusted OR = 2·34, 95 % CI 1·02, 5·38) and presence of health insurance (adjusted OR = 2·41, 95 % CI 1·06, 5·54). Monthly income greater than $US 600 (adjusted OR = 0·19, 95 % CI 0·06, 0·58) was associated with decreased odds of food insufficiency, and less than weekly crack use was marginally associated with decreased odds of food insufficiency (adjusted OR = 0·39, 95 % CI 0·13, 1·08).ConclusionsFood insufficiency is very prevalent among HIV-infected urban crack-cocaine users in Atlanta and Miami. Correlates of food insufficiency confirm the social vulnerability of these individuals. Routine assessment for food insecurity should become a routine component of treatment and prevention programmes in at-risk populations.

scholarly journals WHY WAIT? By-laws and regulations for high impact crime prevention

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ted Leggett
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Laws And Regulations ◽  
Economic Inequalities

Reducing crime is not just about making arrests and convicting criminals. The social and economic inequalities that cause crime require ‘crime prevention’ measures that can take years to show any results. But there is an alternative. This article argues for locally based interventions that can change social behaviour in the short term and have an immediate impact on safety and security. By-laws, for example, can be used to target those with something to lose and to regulate the ‘free-for-all’ environment that grips many of our inner cities.

Those Inner Cities: Reconciling the Social and Economic Aims of Urban Policy

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (3) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
A. G. Champion ◽  
Brian Robson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Inner Cities ◽  
The Social
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