Natural resources and post-conflict governance: Building a sustainable peace

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Bruch ◽  
Carroll Muffett ◽  
Sandra S. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace

Peacebuilding Functions of International Environmental Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ole Kristian Fauchald
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
International Environmental Governance ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Institutional Structures ◽  
Subject Specific ◽  
Key Aspects

This chapter seeks to focus on ‘peacebuilding’ as a construct of peace among groups that have previously been in conflict. This calls for moving beyond peacemaking and conflict resolution to consider the longer-term efforts at establishing sustainable peace. Notwithstanding the longstanding efforts of UNEP’s Post-Conflict and Disaster Management Branch, there has been very limited development of international normative and institutional structures targeting the process of post-conflict sustainable peacebuilding. How far the current international environmental governance (IEG) regimes are responsive to the specific challenges to post-conflict situations? It seeks to briefly consider four key aspects of IEG regimes: (i) Ad- hoc and subject specific (ii) Incremental and facilitative (iii) Degree of reciprocity and (iv) Science-based.

SYRIA: THE POTENTIAL FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Konstantin I. Kozhevnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Resource Potential ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reserves

The article considers the territorial and natural resource potential of Syria, which can ensure the development of the country's economy and social sphere in the XXI century. In post-conflict conditions. This potential is very diverse and includes, among other things, a strategic aspect - hydrocarbon reserves that have ensured the socio-economic development of the country for several decades. The author comes to the conclusion that at present it is important for Syria not so much to develop and restore the extraction of natural resources, as to improve the quality of human capital, which, in the digital era, has, according to the author, much higher efficiency as a factor of production.

The Arizona Market

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Sredl ◽  
Clifford J. Shultz ◽  
Ružica Brečić
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
War Economy ◽  
Community Needs ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Divided Society ◽  
Marketing Systems ◽  
Post War

Through this longitudinal study of a historically significant, complex, conflicted and evolving macromarketing space, Bosnia’s Arizona Market, the authors reveal that marketing systems are not merely random artifacts of human behavior; rather, they are adaptive, purposeful, can be pernicious and/or provisioning, and ultimately—if they are to reflect our humanity—must be well integrated into other prosocial systems to affect the best possible outcomes for all stakeholders. By engaging with a marketing system in a post-conflict, divided society, we are better able to understand the genesis and evolution of markets and marketing systems; the relationships among war economy, peace accords, and the ways that post-war marketing systems create community, provide for community needs, and create new vulnerabilities for some community members. The authors conclude with a discussion of implications for sustainable peace and prosperity in Bosnia and in other post-conflict marketing systems, and suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Bridging Gaps: From a Descriptive to a Practical Mid-Space Actor Typology?

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-80
Author(s):  
Anna Deekeling ◽  
Dahlia Simangan
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Conflict Settings ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Specific Skill ◽  
Favourable Environment ◽  
Bridge Building

AbstractThe concept of hybridity sheds light on the complexity of conflict settings. It helps to analyse the participation of all parties and actors involved and entangled in a social network of normative and political power, while avoiding theoretical binaries that over-simplify the process of post-conflict peacebuilding. What lacks, however, is a practical application of hybridity in peacebuilding that actively engages with bottom/local or grassroots, top/national and international actors through mediation in the mid-space to create sustainable peace. Given this practical shortcoming of hybridity, this chapter examines mid-space actors as gatekeepers and their capacities to enable dialogue among opposing parties. The aim is to offer insights for the international community, as outside intervenors, in promoting the bridge-building potentialities of gatekeepers. Specifically, externally led efforts to engage with the specific skill sets of mid-space local actors are explored. It is argued in this chapter that such engagement provides a favourable environment for sustaining peace by overcoming power struggles in and around the mid-space.

A price worth fighting for? Natural resources and conflict recurrence

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siri Aas Rustad ◽  
Helga Malmin Binningsbø
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Resource Distribution ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Resource Conflict ◽  
Resource Conflicts ◽  
Internal Armed Conflict ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Number Of Publications

While a number of publications show that natural resources are associated with internal armed conflict, surprisingly little research looks at how natural resources affect post-conflict peace. This article therefore investigates the relationship between natural resources and post-conflict peace by analyzing new data on natural resource conflicts. We argue that the effect of natural resources on peace depends on how a country’s natural resources can constitute a motive or opportunity for armed conflict. In particular, three mechanisms may link natural resources to conflict recurrence: disagreements over natural resource distribution may motivate rebellion; using natural resources as a funding source creates an opportunity for conflict; and natural resources may aggravate existing conflict, acting either as motivation or opportunity for rebellion, but through other mechanisms than distributional claims or funding. Our data code all internal armed conflicts between 1946 and 2006 according to the presence of these resource–conflict links. We claim such mechanisms increase the risk of conflict recurrence because access to natural resources is an especially valuable prize worth fighting for. We test our hypotheses using a piecewise exponential survival model and find that, bivariately, armed conflicts with any of these resource–conflict mechanisms are more likely to resume than non-resource conflicts. A multivariate analysis distinguishing between the three mechanisms reveals that this relationship is significant only for conflicts motivated by natural resource distribution issues. These findings are important for researchers and policymakers interested in overcoming the ‘curse’ associated with natural resources and suggest that the way forward lies in natural resource management policies carefully designed to address the specific resource–conflict links.

THE PEACEMAKING PEACEBUILDING-DEVELOPMENT NEXUS: MARRYING SOUTH AFRICA'S PEACE DIPLOMACY AND DEVELOPMENT AGENDA

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faith Mabera
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Security Architecture ◽  
Development Partner ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
Security Affairs

South Africa has often been lauded as an influential and pivotal actor inpeace and security affairs on the evolving African peace and security architecture. The centrality of Africa in South Africa's foreign policy has driven its exercise of peace diplomacy in a significant number of conflicts in Africa; where its mode of engagement has ranged from mediation to peacekeeping and post-conflict reconstruction and development assistance. Concomitant to its peace actor profile, South Africa's repertoire as an emerging development partner also forms a large part of its African agenda. The embedding of sustainable peace as a goal in the post2015 development agenda and the enduring relevance of the securitydevelopment nexus continue to exert profound influence on the parameters and conduct of South Africa's foreign policy and its pointedly Afro-centric agenda. This article argues for greater integration and harmonisation between South Africa's peace diplomacy and its development partnership agenda through the formulation of a peacebuilding and stabilisation strategy.

Agents of peace: place, identity and peacebuilding

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gëzim Visoka
Keyword(s):  
Place Identity ◽  
Critical Hermeneutics ◽  
The Core ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Sustainable Peace ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nuanced Understanding ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Modes Of Governance

This chapter provides a new account of identity and practices of agents in the context of post-conflict peacebuilding. It investigates how place, habitus, and fields of interaction alongside the performative roles shape the identity of agents and their socialization in practice. To explore the relation between the agents’ presence and their impact on peacebuilding, this paper bypasses the exclusionary dichotomies between local/international and liberal/indigenous agents, and develops a typology of six types of agents horizontally arranged around their insideness and outsideness towards a particular conflict-affected place. Using human geography and critical hermeneutics, this paper categorises ‘agents of peace’ in six different types: existential insiders, subjective insiders, empathetic insiders, behavioural insiders, objective outsiders, and existential outsiders. The core argument of this article is that the differentiation of agents around the geographical and performance towards a particular place facilitates the exploration of pluralist forms of agency and a more nuanced understanding of dynamics in post-conflict societies. An expanded and plural view of agents captures better the fields of interaction and hybridization, agential knowledge and narratives, modes of governance, and various everyday practices that enable or inhibit sustainable peace.

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