Sustainability of Rice Production at Baixo Mondego, Portugal

This chapter aims to analyze the rice production system at the Baixo Mondego Valley to understand the main concerns. Field research and field trials were carried out to analyze rice production, marketing systems, and different irrigation alternatives. An analysis on the worries was made, and a correlational attempt was done. The results show a production system oriented by agri-environmental policies. The problems related with rice irrigation are water scarcity, environmental impacts on water quality, agroecosystems, and methane emissions. To reduce water demand, the alternate wetting and drying flooding method, and the improvement of the precise land levelling were studied on the scope of MEDWATERICE Project. About 12-14% of water saving was observed, with impact on production lower than 3.5%, allowing period of 11-19 days of dry soil, expecting positive implications for greenhouse gas emissions. Innovation in the irrigation system may help to reduce some of the farmers' concerns and help to better adapt this crop to the new needs of agriculture in terms of environmental competitiveness.

Design of Prototype Information System for Tracking & Tracing Fish Distribution Based on Mobile Agent

The National Fish Logistics System or often called SLIN is an Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries program that aims to maintain the stability of the production and marketing systems and control the disparity in national fish prices. Central Sulawesi is the Province that becomes the main corridor of this program. The inefficient distribution monitoring process generally causes several problems in the field of fisheries distribution management that still often occur today by the regional Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. It indicates that SLIN is not yet running optimally. This study purpose a prototype design of fish distribution tracking based on a mobile agent that can use to help consumers to track distribution channels and get information about the origin of the fish to be purchased. The data will further process for monitoring fish distribution in a real-time manner by the regional Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. A proper monitoring mechanism will undoubtedly help the government in making policies and conducting supervision to make the SLIN implementation successful in Central Sulawesi. By the research, we found that the proposed method can gather data from every level fish distribution agent then processed the data to inform about distribution line and the origin of the fish for the consumer. The proposed solution framework could be implemented and nearly fit with current implementation criteria. The framework later can be a base framework for developing a more advanced information system for SLIN in Central Sulawesi Region.

PENGARUH PELAYANAN DAN SISTEM PEMASARAN TERHADAP KINERJA PEMASARAN MELALUI PERSAINGAN USAHA PROPERTY PT.GRIYA KENARI MAKASSAR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh pelayanan dan sistem pemasaran secara langsung terhadap kinerja pemasaran dan tidak langsung melalui persaingan usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang dilaksanakan pada PT. Griya Kenari Makassar. Populasi adalah seluruh pegawai PT. Griya Kenari Makassar sebanyak 75 orang dengan menggunakan tehnik non-probability sampling (sampling jenuh). Tehnik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, kuesioner dan dokumentasi sedangkan analisis data menggunakan SmartPLS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada PT. Griya Kenari Makassar, pelayanan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap persaingan usaha dan kinerja pemasaran, empati yang dimiliki karyawan mampu mendorong kemampuan persaing dan mengembangkan pelanggan, sementara sistem pemasaran berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap persaingan usaha namun tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran, segmentasi yang diterapkan oleh perusahaan telah mendorong kemampuan bersaing dengan memahami kemampuan pesaing, meskipun dalam kinerja pemasaran belum signifikan sebab pelanggan yang berbeda karakteristik membutuhkan pendekatan yang berbeda. Persaingan usaha berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran, dengan lingkup bersaing telah mampu meraih banyak pelanggan, dan pada pengaruh tidak langsung, pelayanan dan sistem pemasaran berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pemasaran melalui persaingan usaha. The research aims to determine and analyze the effect of services and marketing systems directly on marketing performance and indirectly through business competition. It is a quantitative type, and was conducted at PT. Griya Kenari Makassar. The population is all employees of PT. Griya Kenari Makassar as many as 75 employees, using non-probability sampling (total sampling). Data collection techniques are through observation, interviews, questionnaires and documentation with data analysis using SmartPLS. The results showed that at PT. Griya Kenari Makassar, service has a positive and significant effect on business competition and marketing performance, employee empathy is able to encourage competitiveness and develop customers, while marketing system has a positive and significant effect on business competition but not significant on marketing performance, segmentation applied by the company has encouraged the ability to compete by understanding the capabilities of competitors, although in marketing performance it has not been significant because different customer characteristics require different approaches. Business competition has a positive and significant effect on marketing performance, with the scope of competition being able to reach many customers, and on the indirect effect, services and marketing systems have a positive and significant effect on marketing performance through business competition.

Constructively Engaging Exploitive Waste Management in India: The Case of Paryavaran Mitra and its Justice Motivated Effort at Empowering Rag-Picking Women

Constructive Engagement (CE) aims at developing sustainable and equitable marketing systems that ensure collective well-being. This paper reflects on an initiative that constructively engages with impoverished market actors, i.e., rag-picking women in India. It is endeavored by operationalizing Integrative Justice Model (IJM) principles while trying to tackle the issue of solid waste management. Our findings suggest that CE across the spectrum in the value chain is required to alleviate the conditions of disadvantaged market actors and improve their well-being. Our qualitative inquiry in rag-picking women’s lives and an initiative of social enterprise contribute to the ongoing conversation in macromarketing literature- (1) by empirically evidencing how the CE operationalizes the IJM and help redress the issues of social traps and internalities; (2) by uniquely connecting the macro issues of waste management with the issues of honesty, fairness, dignity and deserved justice in the neglected market transactions; (3) that IJM principles guide the constructive engagement process.

The Impact of Online Reviews on the Information Flows and Outcomes of Marketing Systems

Online reviews are changing the way that consumers shop and firms respond to consumer feedback. Viewed more broadly, online reviews are a type of information flow altering the functioning of marketing systems at the micro, meso, and macro levels. A systematic review of the past two decades of research shows great attention to the impact of online reviews on information flows, as well as the nuances of micro-and meso-level efficiency outcomes. However, there is scant consideration for the effectiveness related outcomes of online reviews (such as customer well-being, distributive justice, and externalities). Through a macromarketing lens, online reviews are an information flow with the potential to change well-being outcomes for all stakeholders, rather than just a tool to be exploited by firms or consumers. A theoretical framework and a series of questions are presented for future research on how online reviews and more generally information flows between actors may impact the efficiency and effectiveness of a marketing system.

Engineering in digital marketing

Revealed the features of engineering in digital marketing. Engineering in digital marketing as an approach to improving marketing systems based on restructuring and / or modernizing existing market relations using the expanding potential of digitalization.

Directions of development of digital marketing systems at the macro level in the conditions of digital transformation of the economy

The aim of the article. The article addresses drivers of digital marketing development as a marketing system at the macro level in the context of digital transformation of the economy. The topic is relatively new and needs attention since most research devoted to digitalization in marketing is usually undertaken on the microlevel. Due to such a bias little is known about ties of digital marketing development with digital transformation on the macrolevel. The article aims at developing of conceptual frameworks of relations thereof. The methodological base of the work is the ternary structure of the digital marketing system. It consists of IT sector, digital marketing and extended digital marketing. IT-sector provides for tools of digital marketing, thus encompassing digital marketing mix. Analyses results. Digital marketing englobes tools and platforms for which digital technology are essential, while extended digital marketing layer embraces the most of marketing activities, which are in the process of digitalisation. The development of digital marketing on the macrolevel is proposed to consider as a process of transformation, like the process of organizational change of Beckhard and Harris. This process is aimed at digital transformation of the entire economy. It applies four major means of digital transformation, namely: digital privatization, digital industrialization, digital investment and reinvestment, and e-governance and paperless. Digital privatization is aimed at ensuring higher efficiency of the economy by correcting existing inefficient models in certain industries by introducing digital platforms and solutions. Digital industrialization is undertaken by the rapid introduction of digital technologies in various sectors of the economy, other than the IT sector, the transition to a new technological mode and thus ensure increased productivity and productivity in the implementation of economic exchanges. The implementation of digital industrialization requires the deployment of digital entrepreneurship, including the renewal of existing and the creation of a new infrastructure of production, management, and support processes. E-governance and paperless can improve the efficiency of management decisions, as they integrate digital data with models that allow simulation and forecasting, eliminate the problem when digital data is not converted into information and does not get into databases needed for management decisions to be made. Digital investment and reinvestment refers to the development of foundations and factors of digital economy development - digital infrastructure, hardware and software, as well as institutional conditions of digitalization, education, training and development of the workforce, creating and maintaining the necessary conditions for its development and reproduction. With the help of digital industrialization, one can expect the development of digital platforms. It should lead to an increase in the number of users and partners - an increase in coverage, both in terms of demand (consumption and penetration rate) and in terms of production and provision of services (number of digital service providers and digital producers). products). The main areas of digital investment and reinvestment are the development of the IT sector and digital platforms, but there are also points of effort at the level of expanded digital marketing - in areas that are being digitized. Efforts should be directed towards the development of digital consumption through the transfer of procurement, including public services to the digital environment. Conclusions and directions for further research. Implementing this strategy requires macroeconomic stability, without which success in long-term macro-level projects seems to be unlikely, especially in projects involving large investments and significant technological transformations. Some directions of further research are defined, such as: driving forces influencing purchasing behaviour on digital platforms, conditions for effective development of digital entrepreneurship, organizational conditions and mechanism of digital industrialization, investment and reinvestment, state economic policy that encourages the development of e-commerce, forms of communication and mechanisms of influence between digital marketing systems at different levels of the economy and the knowledge economy, etc.