The Federal Government's Role in Community Infrastructure in the 1980s and Beyond

2021 ◽  
pp. 257-259
Author(s):  
Beth Walter Honadle



Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802199889
Author(s):  
Alexander Lord ◽  
Chi-Wan Cheang ◽  
Richard Dunning

Governments the world over routinely undertake Land Value Capture (LVC) to recover some (or all) of the uplift in land values arising from the right to develop in order to fund infrastructure and public goods. Instruments to exact LVC are diverse but are usually implemented independently. However, since 2011 England has been experimenting with a dual approach to LVC, applying both a tariff-style levy to fund local infrastructure (the Community Infrastructure Levy) and negotiated obligations, used primarily to fund affordable housing (Section 106 agreements). In this article we employ a difference-in-differences (DID) method to identify the interaction of these two instruments available to local planning authorities. We explore the question of whether the Community Infrastructure Levy ‘crowds out’ affordable housing secured through Section 106 planning agreements. In so doing we show that the interaction of these two approaches is heterogeneous across local authorities of different types. This raises questions for understanding the economic geography of development activity and the theory and practice of Land Value Capture.





Author(s):  
Ashley Bowes

Planning obligations are a development from the power first given to local planning authorities by s 34 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1932 to enter into planning agreements with landowners for regulating the development or use of their land. From that Act, the power found its way into the Town and Country Planning Act 1947; and thence into the Town and Country Planning Act 1971 as s 52. On the consolidation of planning legislation in 1990, s 52 of the 1971 Act was replaced by s 106 of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990 as the new statutory authority for the power to enter into planning agreements. Now, following the passing of the Planning and Compensation Act 1991, the original s 106 of the 1990 Act has been replaced in its entirety by new ss 106, 106A, and 106B which have been inserted into the 1990 Act in its place. The replacement sections also introduced new arrangements and new terminology. From 25 October 1991, the power to enter into a ‘planning agreement’ under the 1990 Act was repealed and replaced by the power to enter into a ‘planning obligation’.



Author(s):  
I Putu Danu Swastika ◽  
Made Kembar Sri Budhi ◽  
Made Henny Urmila Dewi

This study aims to analyze: 1) the influence of government policy on entrepreneurship and infrastructure; 2) the influence of government policy, entrepreneurship and infrastructure on agro-tourism development; 3) the influence of agro-tourism development on community welfare in Petang District, Badung Regency; 4) whether government policies have an indirect effect on the development of agro-tourism through entrepreneurship and infrastructure; 5) whether government policies, entrepreneurship and infrastructure have an indirect effect on the welfare of the people in Petang District, Badung Regency through the development of agro-tourism. Sampling technique with Saturated Sampling involved 91 workers. Data analysis using PLS-SEM. The result of research that government policy have positive and significant influence to entrepreneurship and infrastructure, but have no significant effect on agrotourism development and community welfare. Entrepreneurship has positive and significant impact on agro-tourism development, but has no significant effect on the welfare of the community. Infrastructure has positive and significant impact on agro-tourism development, but has no significant effect on the welfare of the community. Agro-tourism development has positive and significant impact on the welfare of the community.



2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wadley ◽  
Peter Elliott ◽  
Hoon Han


2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1209-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiduan Borrion ◽  
Jun Matsushita ◽  
Kat Austen ◽  
Charlotte Johnson ◽  
Sarah Bell


2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bagnall ◽  
J South ◽  
K Southby ◽  
S Di Martino ◽  
G Pilkington ◽  
...  

Abstract Background ‘Boosting social relations’ in communities has been identified as a priority UK policy-related topic. An earlier scoping review identified evidence gaps in social relations & community infrastructure. We undertook a mixed method systematic review on this topic, which has potential for immediate practical impact. Methods A comprehensive search included 11 databases (1997-2017), grey literature and citation checking. Studies of interventions to improve or make alternative use of community or neighbourhood places, reporting outcomes of social relations, community wellbeing & related concepts were included. Established validity checklists. Qualitative data was synthesised thematically and a narrative synthesis was produced. GRADE and CERQual approaches were used to rate the overall strength of evidence for each outcome. Results 51 included studies, mostly of poor to moderate quality, and mostly qualitative, provided moderate evidence that: Community hubs may promote social cohesion, increase social capital and build trust, widen social networks, increase interaction, and increase knowledge or skills;Changes to neighbourhood design may positively affect sense of belonging and pride in a community;Green and blue space interventions that provide the opportunity to participate in activities or meetings may improve social interactions, increase social networks, bonding and bridging social capital, physical activity and healthy eating, and improve people’s skills and knowledge. There were also common themes relating to facilitators and barriers to successful interventions. Conclusions There is moderate evidence that a range of intervention approaches to community infrastructure can boost social relations and community wellbeing. Future research should prioritise high quality evaluations using repeated measures and validated tools, and robust and credible qualitative evidence. Key messages There is moderate evidence that a range of intervention approaches to community infrastructure can boost social relations and community wellbeing. Community hubs may promote social cohesion, increase social capital and build trust, widen social networks, increase interaction, and increase knowledge or skills.



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