scholarly journals Community infrastructure to boost social relations: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bagnall ◽  
J South ◽  
K Southby ◽  
S Di Martino ◽  
G Pilkington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Moderate Evidence ◽  
Community Wellbeing ◽  
Community Infrastructure

Abstract Background ‘Boosting social relations’ in communities has been identified as a priority UK policy-related topic. An earlier scoping review identified evidence gaps in social relations & community infrastructure. We undertook a mixed method systematic review on this topic, which has potential for immediate practical impact. Methods A comprehensive search included 11 databases (1997-2017), grey literature and citation checking. Studies of interventions to improve or make alternative use of community or neighbourhood places, reporting outcomes of social relations, community wellbeing & related concepts were included. Established validity checklists. Qualitative data was synthesised thematically and a narrative synthesis was produced. GRADE and CERQual approaches were used to rate the overall strength of evidence for each outcome. Results 51 included studies, mostly of poor to moderate quality, and mostly qualitative, provided moderate evidence that: Community hubs may promote social cohesion, increase social capital and build trust, widen social networks, increase interaction, and increase knowledge or skills;Changes to neighbourhood design may positively affect sense of belonging and pride in a community;Green and blue space interventions that provide the opportunity to participate in activities or meetings may improve social interactions, increase social networks, bonding and bridging social capital, physical activity and healthy eating, and improve people’s skills and knowledge. There were also common themes relating to facilitators and barriers to successful interventions. Conclusions There is moderate evidence that a range of intervention approaches to community infrastructure can boost social relations and community wellbeing. Future research should prioritise high quality evaluations using repeated measures and validated tools, and robust and credible qualitative evidence. Key messages There is moderate evidence that a range of intervention approaches to community infrastructure can boost social relations and community wellbeing. Community hubs may promote social cohesion, increase social capital and build trust, widen social networks, increase interaction, and increase knowledge or skills.

scholarly journals Social Capital during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Case of the Island of Menorca

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12720
Author(s):  
Ester Villalonga-Olives ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Ildefonso Hernández-Aguado
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Sociodemographic Differences ◽  
The World ◽  
Permanent Residents

The rapidly evolving coronavirus pandemic has drastically altered the economic and social lives of people throughout the world. Our overall goal is to understand the mechanisms through which social capital shaped the community response to the pandemic on the island of Menorca, Spain, which was under a strict lockdown in 2020. Between April and June 2020, we performed qualitative interviews (n = 25) of permanent residents of the island. From the findings, it is evident that social capital is an important resource with the capacity to organize help and support. However, the dark sides of social capital, with lack of social cohesion and lack of trust, also emerged as an important negative issue. We identified sources of tension that were not resolved, as well as important sociodemographic differences that are primary drivers for health inequalities. The investment in social networks and social capital is a long-term need that should consider sociodemographic vulnerability.

scholarly journals The influence of intangible forms of capital on farms 

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 251-262
Author(s):  
M. Lošťák
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Types Of Knowledge

Intangible issues, which are often very difficult to be quantified become more and more the field of interest of social sciences. There are many research works demonstrating that various types of knowledge, institutions, social networks, and social relations have a great influence on human activities as for efficient achievement of the actors’ goals. This paper relates expert knowledge (shaping professional qualification) to human capital and tacit knowledge (understood as a broader, general, and contextual knowledge) to cultural capital. Both forms of capital exist in their primary form only in concrete individual persons. Concerning collective persons (firm, community), cultural and human capitals are transformed into intellectual capital. Work with specific knowledge, tacit knowledge and capitals corresponding to them shows the role of social networks and social capital in their organization. Using the analysis of two farms based on natural experiment, the paper demonstrates the role of tacit knowledge and cultural capital (opposing to the overestimated role of expert knowledge and human capital). The conclusions outline social determination of both types of knowledge through social networks and social capital needed for an efficient work of a farm. 

scholarly journals Network Capital: an expression of social capital in the Network Society

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Acevedo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Network Society ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Physical Proximity ◽  
Collective Goals

Social capital is a measure of social cohesion, and an important indicator of human development. There are various definitions of social capital, but all make reference to the relationships and social practices that favor collaboration among members of a particular society in order to pursue collective goals. As communities are increasingly defined by interests, besides by physical proximity, they are becoming organized into social networks. It then becomes relevant to examine social capital produced withing networks, which could be termed network capital. Network capital could be understood as a measure of the value that communities structured as social networks and using network tools (in particular computer networks) generate for themselves, for others and for society as a whole. Thus, it would be a kind of social capital specific and exclusive to what we call the Information Society (or in Castell’s terms the Network Society).

scholarly journals Relational citizenship as social networks: Immigrant youth’s maps of their friendships

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne Hebert ◽  
Jennifer Wen-Shya Lee ◽  
Shirley Xiaohong Sun ◽  
Chiara Berti
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Weak Ties ◽  
Immigrant Adolescents ◽  
Spatial Concept ◽  
Graphic Representations ◽  
The Common

Seeking to understand what it means for immigrant youth to make new connections in a host country, we explore their networks of social relations and situate these with respect to social capital and to citizenship as a relational and spatial concept. Focusing on graphic representations of friendships of nearly sixty immigrant adolescents, the analysis examines the possible influences of gender, ethnicity, time and context; the philosophical meanings of the horizontal or vertical spatial orientation of these drawings; as well as the youth’s own understandings of friendship. The findings indicate that holding a vertical, hierarchical and competitive orientation to friendship may be advantageous, in that the youth’s understanding of friendship as a mutually alternating resource allows for weak ties of acquaintances to facilitate social mobility, the transportation of information and integration. Thus, the development of close friends to access the knowledge, skills and perspectives available in such friendships, family and school, is necessary but not sufficient to assure integration and participation in society. The notion of relational citizenship is expanded to include the development of both close friends and acquaintances for the former fosters an understanding of reciprocal trust while the latter allow for investment in action for the common good.

scholarly journals MODAL SOSIAL KOMUNITAS DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN EKONOMI PURNA PEKERJA MIGRAN PEREMPUAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-39
Author(s):  
Arif Rofiuddin ◽  
Ida Ruwaida
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Assets ◽  
Economic Capacity ◽  
Female Migrant

Abstract: This study aims to determine the empowerment carried out by the community in increasing the economic and social capacity of former female migrant workers. The research design used was descriptive qualitative. The research instruments included interview guides, observation guidelines and documentation. The results showed that the empowerment carried out by the community in increasing economic capacity had progressed and increased compared to before. The community here has social capital in the form of a social network in the social sphere to increase economic assets for former female migrant workers. Social capital itself has the power to capitalize social relations, including values, social networks and trust to obtain economic and social benefits.Abstrak:Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  pemberdayaan yang dilakukan komunitas dalam meningkatkan kemampuan ekonomi dan social para mantan buruh migran perempuan. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif.Instrumen penelitian meliputi pedoman wawancara, pedoman observasi dan dokumentasi.Hasil penelitian menunjukan pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh komunitas dalam meningkatkan kemampuan ekonomi mengalami kemajuan dan peningkatan dibandingkan sebelumnya. Komunitas disini  memiliki modal sosial yang  berupa jaringan  social dalam lingkup social untuk  menaikan asset ekonomi bagi para mantan buruh migran perempuan. Modal social sendiri memiliki kekuatan dalam mengkapitalisasiakn relasi-relasi social, mencakup nilai-norma, jaringan social dan kepercayaan untuk memperoleh keuntungan ekonomi dan social.

scholarly journals CAPITAL SOCIAL E REDES: uma análise dos efeitos do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar em municípios diferenciados no Estado de Goiás

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Leandro de Lima Santos ◽  
Denise Paiva Ferreira ◽  
Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
The State ◽  
Capital Social ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Family Program ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
Set Up

Este trabalho investiga como os efeitos/resultados de uma política pública podem sofrer os elementos de capital social em redes formadas. Neste sentido, faz uma análise comparativa do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar (PAA) constituído em diferentes municípios do estado de Goiás, Itapuranga e Silvânia. A contribuição central da pesquisa é identificar e compreender a formação e a tipologia das redes sociais que envolvem os atores do programa em cada localidade, como heranças do enlace histórico, social e político, e qual sua ligação com os resultados do PAA. Na articulação e no diálogo entre a coesão social das redes formadas e a efetividade de um programa governamental reside o avanço deste estudo, que pretende, também, perceber os efeitos do programa para os agricultores familiares, a partir de indicadores que fundamentassem a ideia de efetividade da ação governamental, que por sua vez estão ligados às características produtivas, ambientais e econômicas desses beneficiários. Traz, por fim, a discussão das redes sociais e sua significância a esses efeitos.Palavras-chave: Capital social, Coesão social, Redes, Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos da Agricultura Familiar.CAPITAL AND NETWORKS: an analysis of the effects of Agriculture Food Acquisition Family Program in different cities in the State of Goiás Abstract: This research presents an investigation on how the effects / results of a public policy may be influenced by social capital elements formed by networks. In this sense, there was a comparative analysis of Family Farming Food Acquisition Program (PAA) set up in different cities in the state of Goiás, Itapuranga and Silvânia. The central contribution of the research is to identify and understand the formation and the types of social networks involving the program's actors in each location, as legacies of historical, social and political link, and what is its connection with the results of PAA. The articulation and dialogue between the social cohesion of networks formed and the effectiveness of a government program which in turn are linked to the productive characteristics, environmental and economic of these beneficiaries. Brings finally the discussion of social networks and their significance to these effects. Key words: Social capital, Social cohesion, Network, Agriculture Food Acquisition Family Program.

The Built Environment and Social Capital: A Systematic Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumya Mazumdar ◽  
Vincent Learnihan ◽  
Thomas Cochrane ◽  
Rachel Davey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Social Cohesion ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Environmental Psychology ◽  
Research Synthesis ◽  
Health Geography

A growing literature has indicated a relationship between social capital and certain aspects of the built environment with contributions from various disciplines, including environmental psychology, urban design, and health geography. In this systematic review and research synthesis, we summarize the literature in this domain using existing sociological and design frameworks to ascertain the effect of specific built environment domains on social capital. Our review shows that there is a significant relationship between social capital and the built environment, specifically between social cohesion and access to destinations/walkability. Positive relationships exist between social capital, design, and diversity, whereas the effect of population density on social capital is negative and unclear. We find significant methodological limitations and gaps in the published literature, including the absence of longitudinal studies and the use of a plethora of social capital and built environment measures.

Social and Network Capital: the Relationship Between Concepts in a Network Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-2) ◽  
pp. 231-251
Author(s):  
Raisa Zayakina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Network Approach ◽  
Extreme Position ◽  
Social Forms ◽  
The Relationship

This article explores the differences between “social capital” and “network capital”, which are used in the context of network reflection. It is emphasized, that both capitals are interpretative variables and can be seen differently, depending on a semantic context. Every social structure implies branched social relations. That is why methodological tools of network approach are “convenient” for the study of social capital. In its core we find nuances of the interpretation of social capital. They depend not only on the nature of network actors but also on the researcher’s focus, on the network connections configuration or their content. Regardless of the course of the research, social capital is necessary for understanding social networks and social processes and is a result of said processes. As regards network capital, it can be defined as a form of social capital giving access to resources through interpersonal relationships (relational dimension). Defining characteristics of such relationships are trust and mutuality. However, the semantic emphasis can be transferred from the nature of relations to their modern support technologies. And so network capital appears as a measure of the value of communications maintained through telecommunication channels. The extreme position to social and network capitals suggests that social capital should be removed from the network approach and be completely replaced by the network capital. Otherwise, science denies other social forms of capital with their social characteristics. The author pays special attention to the ways of studying social networks using the theoretical capabilities of network capital in all its interpretations. The standpoint of its disregard, individualistic, and group approaches are highlighted.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document