The Rational Construction of Rational Agency

Author(s):  
David Moshman
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunzhong Wang ◽  
Saixing Tang ◽  
Yating Wen ◽  
Shuyuan Zheng ◽  
Bing Yang ◽  
...  

<div>Persistent room-temperature phosphorescence (p-RTP) from pure organics is attractive </div><div>due to its fundamental importance and potential applications in molecular imaging, </div><div>sensing, encryption, anticounterfeiting, etc.1-4 Recently, efforts have been also made in </div><div>obtaining color-tunable p-RTP in aromatic phosphors5 and nonconjugated polymers6,7. </div><div>The origin of color-tunable p-RTP and the rational design of such luminogens, </div><div>particularly those with explicit structure and molecular packing, remain challenging. </div><div>Noteworthily, nonconventional luminophores without significant conjugations generally </div><div>possess excitation-dependent photoluminescence (PL) because of the coexistence of </div><div>diverse clustered chromophores6,8, which strongly implicates the possibility to achieve </div><div>color-tunable p-RTP from their molecular crystals assisted by effective intermolecular </div><div>interactions. Here, inspirited by the highly stable double-helix structure and multiple </div><div>hydrogen bonds in DNA, we reported a series of nonconventional luminophores based on </div><div>hydantoin (HA), which demonstrate excitation-dependent PL and color-tunable p-RTP </div><div>from sky-blue to yellowish-green, accompanying unprecedentedly high PL and p-RTP </div><div>efficiencies of up to 87.5% and 21.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, the p-RTP emissions are </div><div>resistant to vigorous mechanical grinding, with lifetimes of up to 1.74 s. Such robust, </div><div>color-tunable and highly efficient p-RTP render the luminophores promising for varying </div><div>applications. These findings provide mechanism insights into the origin of color-tunable </div><div>p-RTP, and surely advance the exploitation of efficient nonconventional luminophores.</div>


2018 ◽  
Vol 941 (11) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
A.M. Lelyuhina ◽  
М.V. Litvinenko ◽  
O.V. Miklashevskaya

The current issues of reforming the current tax system in the Russian Federation in the context of the transition to determining the amount of real estate taxes based on the cadastral value of real estate objects are discussed. The decision on adopting elements of a tax system in practice should be scientifically and methodologically based. The rational construction of the tax system of Russia contributes to the study of foreign tax systems’ models. In the article, the systems for calculating real estate tax established in the foreign countries under consideration are highlighted. Everything is based on analyzing the practice of real estate valuation in the UK, France, Belgium, Latvia, Finland, USA and Chile. A comparison is made of the grounds for calculating the property tax, their distinctive features. The main approaches to determining the cadastral value taking place in the cadastral systems of foreign countries are summarized. The conducted studies provide grounds for identifying trends in real estate valuation, which are being introduced into modern Russian cadastral valuation practice.


Author(s):  
Tim Henning

This chapter considers various cases of irrationality (such as akrasia, weakness in executive commitments, doxastic incontinence, etc.), all of which involve a break between an agent’s considered judgment and her effective mental states. It is shown that parentheticalism can solve puzzles that these phenomena typically raise. The discussion leads into a deeper grasp of the rationale behind parenthetical and non-parenthetical uses of verbs like “believe” and “want”: They are associated with aspects of rational agency that normally coincide but can come apart. In the latter cases, our willingness to use verbs like “believe” and “want” is conflicted in a way that confirms parentheticalism. Finally, I suggest that parentheticalism can help us understand the role of the agent in rational agency and solve the Missing Agent Problem.


Author(s):  
Karen Jones

This chapter addresses the question, “What is the role and authority of conscious deliberation and judgment in human rational agency?” Anti-rationalists claim that the rationalist account of its role and authority is mistaken: conscious deliberation and judgment plays a relatively small part in our practical lives, can be used in the service of rationalizing bullshit, and is not the only or necessarily the most reliable path of access to our reasons. Against the anti-rationalist, the chapter argues that their critique rests on an analogy between the authority of judgment and the authority of an expert, when the rationalist models judgment’s authority on that of a judge. Against the traditional rationalist, the chapter argues the judge model fails. The chapter explores a third model—the monitor model—which, like rationalism, gives our reflective capacities a significant regulatory role, but accommodates the anti-rationalist emphasis on emotion and fast non-deliberative action.


Author(s):  
Tiansu Zhao ◽  
Qing Niu ◽  
Guocheng Huang ◽  
Qiaoshan Chen ◽  
Yanxin Gao ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuxiu Guo ◽  
En Lin ◽  
Jia Gao ◽  
Tianhui Mao ◽  
Dong Yan ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Wang ◽  
Zheng Lu ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Tian Zheng ◽  
Zidong Zhang ◽  
...  

Rational construction of self-supporting electrode has been extensively investigated in energy conversion and storage. Herein, hierarchical N-doped carbon encapsulated Ni3S2 grown on 3D porous Ni foam (H-Ni3S2@NC/NF) is controllably synthesized...


2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (18) ◽  
pp. 182102
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Zhao ◽  
Bin Tang ◽  
Liyan Gong ◽  
Junchun Bai ◽  
Jiafeng Ping ◽  
...  

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4000-4015
Author(s):  
Monika Szefczyk ◽  
Natalia Szulc ◽  
Marlena Gąsior-Głogowska ◽  
Anna Modrak-Wójcik ◽  
Agnieszka Bzowska ◽  
...  

The incorporation of cyclopentane-based beta-amino acid in the sequence of peptide forming coiled-coil induced formation of nanofibrils.


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