Figures of speech, from natural discourse to associative discourse

2018 ◽  
pp. 51-80
Author(s):  
Antonio Alberto Semi
Keyword(s):  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Natural Discourse

From Figures of Speech to Figments of Thought

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-223
Author(s):  
Boaz Keysar
Keyword(s):  
Figures Of Speech

Emotions Explained Through Figures of Speech

1991 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 952-953
Author(s):  
Carroll E. Izard
Keyword(s):  
Figures Of Speech

Metonymy in Dance: Ballet Bunheads Take a Cognitive Turn

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-34
Author(s):  
Edward C. Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Cognitive Science ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Level I ◽  
Dance Educators ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Metaphor And Metonymy

This essay considers metonymy in dance from the perspective of cognitive science. My goal is to unpack the roles of metaphor and metonymy in dance thought and action: how do they arise, how are they understood, how are they to be explained, and in what ways do they determine a person's doing of dance? The premise of this essay is that language matters at the cultural level and can be determinative at the individual level. I contend that some figures of speech, especially metonymic labels like ‘bunhead’, can not only discourage but dehumanize young dancers, treating them not as subjects who dance but as objects to be danced. The use of metonymy to sort young dancers may undermine the development of healthy self-image, impede strong identity formation, and retard creative-artistic development. The paper concludes with a discussion of the influence of metonymy in dance and implications for dance educators.

A Rhetorical Approach to the Prose of Daniel Defoe

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura A. Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Daniel Defoe ◽  
Figures Of Speech

Abstract: Previous attempts to account for Defoe's stylistic versatility have failed to take account of the important role played by his training in rhetoric. Ttiis essay argues that a useful taxonomy of styles can be generated by taking into account traditional rhetorical principles of sentence composition, prose rhythms and clausulae construction, the use of various figures of speech, and the frequency of tropes. This method of analyzing Defoe's prose shows deliberate rhetorical choices in his lesser-known essays and pamphlets as well as in his better-known fiction.

One small step for MIP towards automated metaphor identification?

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aletta G. Dorst ◽  
W.Gudrun Reijnierse ◽  
Gemma Venhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Small Step ◽  
Lexical Unit ◽  
Basic Meaning ◽  
General Rules ◽  
Natural Discourse ◽  
Authentic Data ◽  
Large Corpus

The manual annotation of large corpora is time-consuming and brings about issues of consistency. This paper aims to demonstrate how general rules for determining basic meanings can be formulated in large-scale projects involving multiple analysts applying MIP(VU) to authentic data. Three sets of problematic lexical units — chemical processes, colours, and sharp objects — are discussed in relation to the question of how the basic meaning of a lexical unit can be determined when human and non-human senses compete as candidates for the basic meaning; these analyses can therefore be considered a detailed case study of problems encountered during step 3.b. of MIP(VU). The analyses show how these problematic cases were tackled in a large corpus clean-up project in order to streamline the annotations and ensure a greater consistency of the corpus. In addition, this paper will point out how the formulation of general identification rules and guidelines could provide a first step towards the automatic detection of linguistic metaphors in natural discourse.

Are similes and metaphors interchangeable?

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuela Romano
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Figures Of Speech ◽  
Conceptual Semantic ◽  
Discourse Type ◽  
Opposite Process ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
News Interviews

Abstract Since Aristotle, scholars have regarded similes and metaphors as equivalent figures of speech sharing very similar comprehension, interpretation and usage patterns. By analysing the use of similes in real discourse, the aim of this study is to show that these two analogical figures reflect different cognitive processes, as well as different discursive functions, using as a framework cognitive models. To this end, this work presents, first, the main differentiating features of the two figures existing in the literature. And, second, it analyses 100 natural-occurring similes in English opinion discourse (news, interviews and commentary sections) in order to explain the conceptual-semantic and formal-syntactic factors which explain why similes and metaphors are not interchangeable in the discourse type under study; that is, why metaphors can usually be transformed into similes by adding like, whereas the opposite process seems to depend on specific conditions of structure, use and interpretation.

„Figur“, „Grund“ und narrative Kontinuität in der Grammatikalisierung des gotischen Protoartikels

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-391
Author(s):  
Natalia Pimenova
Keyword(s):  
Language Change ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Anaphoric Pronoun ◽  
Natural Discourse

AbstractThe author investigates the use of proto-article with locative nouns in the Gothic Bible and shows that the choice in Gothic among the anaphoric pronoun sa (proto-article) and Ø is pragmatically/functionally motivated. The locative nouns are mostly inherently definite and unmarked because of being elements of the frame in natural discourse. However, the anaphoric pronoun is used with unexpected locative objects or locative objects in surprising situations. It also marks the change NomLoc as ground > NomLoc as figure and serves as a highlighting device and as an attention-getter. When the topic-continuity is violated, the anaphoric pronoun is used as an invitation addressed to the hearer to mobilize previous knowledge in order to retrieve the referent. The investigation sheds light on the process of language change that led to the shift from demonstrative to article and the overall spread of anaphoric article.

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