Construction of Short-Term Memory Training Model in Consecutive Interpretation

With the deepening of the reform and opening up policy, China is moving towards the world dramatically, and the importance of interpretation is becoming increasingly prominent. Based on the theory of memory in interpretation and the theory of discourse type in interpretation, this paper aims to demonstrate the fit between discourse type and memory, and analyze the effectiveness of the training model through empirical research. In the experiment, students of Translation Class 2018 (reference class) and students of Translation Class 2019 (experimental class) were selected as the research objects, and a six week teaching experiment was carried out. Through the analysis of students' data, questionnaires and interviews, it can be found that the application of the theory of discourse type in interpretation to the training of short-term memory in interpreting can improve the logic and integrity of information transmission, so this teaching model is effective and feasible. The purpose of this study is to construct a training model of short-term memory in consecutive interpretation teaching with the help of the theory of discourse type, so that students can experience the joy of progress in the process of practice, monitoring and reflection, which will greatly mobilize students' subjective initiative in learning, stimulate students' innovative consciousness and cultivate students' innovative ability.

Eponymy and discursive-functional context

In this paper, which continues the series of his previous publications on theoretical and methodological issues in eponymy research, the author argues for the feasibility of the expansion of his three-component parametric model for description and analysis of this class of linguistic entities by adding to its three principal components, relating to the three parts of eponymic derivational relationship, a fourth part dealing with eponymy’s discursive- functional context. It is the author’s contention that the relationship between an eponym and the linguistic and extralinguistic cognitive-communicative environment in which it comes to being and/or occurs is the essential, intrinsic and crucial, rather than fortuitous and inconsequential, feature of the former, which therefore should be taken into account in in-depth research. Accordingly, an initial discursive parameter in this research should be tracing down the occurrence of eponyms in various types of discourse distinguished by their cognitive and communicative-functional characteristics, and so identifying items bound to such varieties as different from general-purpose ones. Next comes finding out the nature of relationship between a discourse variety and an eponym co-occurring in it, in particular, the influence of the former on the semantic and functional, and also, possibly, formal characteristics of the latter. An important eventuality that a comprehensive and inclusive eponymy description model should consider is the hierarchy of an eponym’s possible discursive contexts, i.e. the possibility of its use in a discourse type other than its original one. Regarding this, the author introduces the concept of inter- and intralinguistic contacts of discourses as linguistic-cultural modes as a framework in which discursive transpositions of eponyms should be elucidated, as well as such instances, in which an underlying proper noun is employed to coin an eponymic entity designed for the use in the discursive-functional environment other than its own. The author illustrated his theses with instances drawn from Ukrainian as well as some other languages, and in these, from the scientific, ideological, folklore, religious, mythological, folk, and everyday discursive varieties.

SUBJECTIVE AND OBJECTIVE PERSPECTIVES IN HEDGING STRATEGY. ENGLISH POLITICAL AND ACADEMIC TYPES OF ORAL DISCOURSE

The paper focuses on different perspectives of hedging in English and Russian communication strategies. The empirical corpus is compiled from the scripts of politicians' and academics’ public performances. The findings show that the choice of hedges is defined by discourse type, format of speech, ethnic, gender characteristics, status and personal qualities of the communicator.

Change of Discourse Type in a Social Activity

In this study, we propose classroom discourse as a dynamic activity whereby the discourse shifts from one mode to another within one social activity when students are involved to complete the task. The data for this study consisted of audio and video-recordings of the sessions. The analysis transcribed verbal and non-verbal behaviors of the students emerging during social activity. In the analysis, a transcript of one whole episode was taken from a larger study of the data set to inform about the discourse type used by the students during the social activity. The purpose of selecting one episode was to show the change in different types of discourse during a session. The finding of the study implies that in the context of social activity exploratory type discourse is required for learning. This study agrees with the general genetic law of cultural development that links the social, psychological, and cultural aspects during collaborative activities.

Another story

Quotative be like has been described as “one of the most striking developments [in English]” (Tagliamonte and D’Arcy 2004: 493). Despite the vast research on quotatives and the upsurge of be like, the potential impact of discourse type on the grammar of quotation has rarely been assessed. Yet, discourse type has proved a relevant factor in linguistic variation (see Travis 2007; Buchstaller 2011; Travis and Lindstrom 2016). Drawing on vernacular spoken data from our multigenerational corpus of Australian English, we include discourse type as a predictor in our recursive partitioning and logistic regression models. Our results show that similar linguistic constraints operate on be like across discourse types. However, significant differences emerge regarding its social conditioning in narrative as opposed to non-narrative discourse, pointing to a strong association between be like and female storytelling.

Genre

How is it that mass audiences often understand messages in remarkably similar ways, even though these audiences consist of many individuals, all of whom have to process these messages in their own unique cognitive environments? The answer is that just as people are very good in assessing what activity-type (Goffman) they are about to be involved in (visiting a museum, having a meeting with colleagues, going for dinner, attending a wedding), they are usually well aware of the genre of a discourse they are confronted with. Thanks to various genre-markers, they come to this awareness often even before they encounter the discourse itself. This awareness enormously steers and constrains people’s search for relevance in a discourse. Therefore, genre serves as an “interface” that greatly narrows down the infinitely large storehouse of knowledge, emotions, and attitudes that could theoretically be evoked by a discourse to the small subset of these that are directly relevant. Discourse genre, which in this chapter is taken to be equivalent to discourse type, is thereby the single most important pragmatic principle governing the interpretation of mass-communicative messages. This chapter discusses several sources on genre to support this view, discusses the importance of prototype theory for the notion of genre, and demonstrates how the importance of genre can be accommodated in classic RT.

Dialogue of Cultures in Musical Creative Works: Typology Experience

The relevance of the research is connected with progressive cultural interactions in the modern world, including the field of musical culture. The dialogue of cultures in musical art is deeply rooted, intensively growing and manifests itself in many ways. The problem lies in the insufficient theoretical development of the system of manifestations of the dialogue of cultures in the musical discourse by the domestic musicologists. The article proposes a partial solution to the problem. The main types and kinds of the dialogue of cultures are considered in the subtext and text areas. The result of the study was a typology represented in the subtext mental type of four kinds, and in the text and its two sub-spheres (verbal and musical) by three types with specific differentiation. Explicit and implicit modes of dialogue are taken into account. Keywords: dialogue of cultures, musical creative discourse, type of dialogue in music, subtext and textual spheres.

Temporal notions and narrative structure

In the given article, discourse type was addressed to the narrative. The temporal markers take part in a primary role in maintaining and creating the narrative continuity. The role of the temporal markers in the narrative structure of English literary text is very high, in the view of the fact is that for understanding the role of temporal markers in the narrative structure of the English literary text is considered one of the most necessary aspects when look at closely in order to read them. For the reason that all people use differently all kind of communications, speeches, spoken discourse and also written discourse in their languages.