The present chapter focuses on the importance of infrastructure in the dryland areas of West Bengal, India, covering four districts, namely, Purulia, Bankura, West Midnapore and Birbhum. The importance and necessity of having good infrastructure is a well-known phenomenon but it carries a special significance for the drylands, where good infrastructure can open various avenues of earning, communication, better life standard as well as management and nourishment of all types of natural resources in these areas. Sustainable use of natural resources occur utmost importance because it is the only source of livelihood for the people of these areas. Through this study, we have tried to make an assessment of the existing infrastructure scenarios in these four districts for the period 2003-04 to 2012-13. Doing the SWOT analysis amongst the districts, the results show that West Midnapur and Bankura are in a better position than Purulia and Birbhum, although, Birbhum is in a good position in few indicators.