The Empirical Context—Pacemaker Technology

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-72
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Banbury
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Context

Contrite Modernity, Contrite Catholicism

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Economic Inequality ◽  
American Catholicism ◽  
Empirical Context ◽  
Societal Problems ◽  
Contemporary Catholicism ◽  
The Church ◽  
Societal Role

This chapter explains the book’s objective in probing how contemporary Catholicism grapples with the challenge of maintaining relevance amid increased secularization. It discusses the theoretical and empirical context for the book’s inquiry and its anchoring in American Catholicism and society. The chapter explains why Jurgen Habermas’s construct of contrite modernity opens up new lines of dialogue and action for the Church in light of contemporary societal problems of economic inequality and related ills, and it outlines what is entailed in postsecular expectations of reflexive dialogue between moderate religious and secular actors. It also discusses the book’s working assumption that the postsecular expectations Habermas outlines for religious–secular engagement, including issues of language and authority, are the same expectations required of Catholicism as it negotiates both its public societal role and the array of doctrinal issues of particular relevance to Catholics. The chapter also briefly introduces the data and subsequent chapters.

The Promise of Pragmatism: Richard Rorty and Business Ethics

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Sareh Pouryousefi ◽  
R. Edward Freeman
Keyword(s):  
Business Ethics ◽  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Richard Rorty ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Global Markets ◽  
Democratic Deliberation ◽  
Philosophical Inquiry ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
Modern Slavery ◽  
Empirical Context

Pragmatists believe that philosophical inquiry must engage closely with practice to be useful and that practice serves as a source of social norms. As a growing alternative to the analytic and continental philosophical traditions, pragmatism is well suited for research in business ethics, but its role remains underappreciated. This article focuses on Richard Rorty, a key figure in the pragmatist tradition. We read Rorty as a source of insight about the ethical and political nature of business practice in contemporary global markets, focusing specifically on his views about moral sentiments, agency, and democratic deliberation. Importantly for business ethicists, Rorty’s approach sets in stark relief our moral responsibility as useful, practical thinkers in addressing the societal challenges of our time. We use “modern slavery” as an empirical context to highlight the relevance of Rorty’s approach to business ethics.

Tacit knowledge transfer in coopetition

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Swarup Kumar Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Service Firms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Tacit Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
Empirical Context

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how firms affiliated to business groups (BGs) are able to improve their innovation capability (IC) when engaged in coopetition (collaboration between competing firms). This study aims to explore the relationship between coopetitive relationship strength (CRS), the extent of tacit knowledge transfer (TKT) and IC as well as examine the moderating effect of both BG affiliation and coopetitive experience. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines inter-firm relationships within the empirical context of Indian manufacturing and service firms, by adopting (ordinary least square) regression analysis to test the various hypotheses. The central thesis is that the TKT in coopetition constitutes an important driver to the IC. Findings The paper provides some evidence that inter-firm CRS influences the extent of TKT, and the extent of TKT affects firm IC. The results support that firms in coopetition gain more if their coopetitive partner has a BG affiliation. In absence of a BG affiliation of any of the coopetitive partners, the buildup of TKT reduces as CRS is increased. Research limitations/implications Additional large-sample of data may attempt to validate relationships. The study, however, did not consider all enablers that are critical for TKT. Despite these limitations, analysis provides important and novel perspectives. Practical implications The paper contributes to develop executives’ practices in understanding potential benefits of coopetitive relationship. The implications of this research are important for managers seeking understanding of the management of coopetition. Originality/value The paper makes a modest attempt to investigate the various scenarios of the presence or absence of the moderation of BGs and its impact on CRS in the buildup of TKT. This is the first attempt to link coopetition to the TKT in the BG literature. This study also contributes to our understanding of coopetition in a non-western context.

Political Pressures and Bureaucratic Consequences: Vignettes of Janmabhoomi Implementation in Andhra Pradesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Konkipudi ◽  
Suraj Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
State Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Voter Mobilization ◽  
Local Politicians ◽  
Empirical Context ◽  
Political Game

Drawing on vignettes from fieldwork in Andhra Pradesh, the article explores how political pressures shape bureaucratic practices around the government’s flagship Janmabhoomi programme. It argues that competitive state politics manifests in clientelist–populist voter mobilization leading to two-level political pressures—state politicians pressure higher bureaucracy which in turn pressures the lower bureaucracy tasked with implementation, and local politicians allied with the governing party put direct pressures on lower bureaucracy for favouritism. Lower level bureaucrats cope with these impossible pressures by subverting official procedures, so that actual practices hardly match the rational Weberian construction in official documents. The article’s contribution lies in linking the ‘political game’ and the ‘bureaucratic game’ in a grounded empirical context.

NORMALIZATION OF EMPIRICAL CONTEXT IN ONTOLOGICAL DATA ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Valentina Andreevna Semenova ◽  
Sergei Viktorovich Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Empirical Context

scholarly journals SAMFUND? Durkheim revisited i Amazonas og videre

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanne Veber
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Cultural Representations ◽  
Talcott Parsons ◽  
Structured Systems ◽  
The Social ◽  
Functionalist Theory ◽  
Empirical Context ◽  
Objective Structures

“Society” appears a difficult notion. We use it all the time. But is it any good as an analytical concept? Sociologists seem to agree it is not. Few societies have the empirical characteristics of the bounded entity that structural-functionalist theory assumed. Constructivist notions of society as “imagined community” appear to be tied up with the existence of the State or with the spread of information technology. This leaves contemporary anthropology with “society” as a residue, the left-over from culture’s gluttonous theoretical supper. Still, social science aims to explain or understand social relations, interactions, and the processes by which structures and functions are worked into social systems as implied by the notion of society. The notion of society allows us to assume the existence of objective structures of order in the social life of people. Unlike the notion of culture, however, the notion of society has not been critically scrutinized by anthropologists. In contemporary Danish anthropology with its focus on culture and cultural representations, writers tend to simply take society for granted as the intrinsic empirical context of culture. From the perspective of Durkheimian notions of “the social”, the paper provides a brief review of interpretations that retrospectively have appeared analytical dead-ends. The author goes on to suggest that the notion of “symbolically generalized media of communication” may offer a productive opening that embraces both sides of the culture/society dichotomy in the search for structured systems of social existence whether subjectively or objectively conceived. The idea of “symbolically generalized media or communication” was originally formulated by Talcott Parsons and subsequently reworked by German sociologist Niklas Luhmann. Rather than an interrelated series of parts that make up a whole plus something else in the classic Durkheimian sense, society from this perspective appears in the form of structured sets of actions oriented by a horizon of possibilities and expectations, symbolically constituted, yet always provisional and emergent. Inspired by analyses of two different cases in Amazonian research the paper offers a brief hint at how the notion may be employed in anthropology.

scholarly journals Fellow Traveller Versus Moral Stranger: How Overall Views of Offenders Impact on Punishment and Rehabilitation Decisions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Stephanie Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Fellow Traveller ◽  
The Media ◽  
Empirical Context ◽  
Objective View ◽  
Moral Stranger ◽  
The Way

<p>Theoretical discussions have proposed that opinions relating to offenders can be viewed along a continuum, with the moral stranger at one end and the fellow traveller at the other (Connolly & Ward, 2008). At the very basic level the moral stranger is the offender who is a bad person, while the fellow traveller is the offender who has done a bad thing. It is proposed that where an individual’s view of offenders sits on the continuum will help determine punishment and rehabilitation decisions that they make about offenders. It is further proposed that these views are influenced by outside factors such as the way that the media portrays offenders. The media is an important source of information on crime and offenders (Gilliam & Iyengar, 2000; Klite, Bardwell, & Salzman, 1997), and so the way that the media write about offenders can influence the public’s opinions about offenders. The moral stranger and the fellow traveller are theoretical concepts at present, so the aim of the current research was to investigate these concepts in an empirical context. Firstly, Studies 1 and 2 presented crime vignettes written from either the moral stranger perspective or the fellow traveller perspective and then investigated what punishment and rehabilitation differences there were. Study 3 then developed a measure to evaluate individuals’ opinions about offenders, to create an empirical basis for the existing theory. The Opinions about Criminal Offenders (OCO) Scale was developed in Study 3. Study 4 then tested the psychometric properties of this Scale, and through further factor analysis the scale was pared down to 12-items made up of four subscales. Study 5 then brought together the empirical work from Studies 1 and 2 and the developed measure from Studies 3 and 4. Participants were presented with two vignettes, one written from a subjective view and the other from an objective view. They were also given the 12-item OCO Scale. Structural Equation Modelling was then used to extend the work of Studies 1 and 2, and to further develop the decision making process individuals go through. Results indicated that each subscale of the OCO predicted different judgements made about the offender, in terms of his characteristics and likelihood of reoffending, and that these judgements then predicted different judgements about the outcome of the offence, including punishment motive. These studies, together, show that the moral stranger and fellow traveller concepts do exist, as a continuum, and the development of the OCO Scale showed that there is utility in the scale in terms of the type of judgements made about an offender and an offence. The current study was conducted with a sex offence in the vignettes and so further research needs to extend this by using different offence types and different offender characteristics, to investigate how generalisable these findings are.</p>

scholarly journals The Effects of State Development Banks on the Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-411
Author(s):  
Jadranka Petrović
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
State Development ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
Development Banks ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Empirical Context ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Abstract The views regarding the role and the need for state development banks have evolved in the 20th century, from considering their role as very important in the 1950s, through the stance of their inadequacy and ineffectiveness, to a renewed interest for public development banks at the beginning of 21st century. In this study we will concentrate on the state development banks as an important instrument of state financial support to small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The Republic of Srpska Investment-Development Bank (RSIDB) provided the empirical context for our research. By applying the Mann-Whitney U Test and the correlation analysis the authors examined the effect of RSIDB loans on certain business performance indicators of SMEs. From the results of Mann-Whitney U Test it can be concluded that the average sales, number of employees and net profit in the five-year period after using the RSIDB loan is statistically significantly higher for the RSIDB borrowers compared to non-borrowers. The results of correlation analysis show that there is statistically significant positive correlation of medium strength between the use of RSIDB loans and the total sales, net profit and number of employees in the 5-year period after using the RSIDB loan. The study showed the positive impact of RSIDB loans on the growth of sales, net profit and employment of SME borrowers.

scholarly journals Communication, Context, and Narrative

Theoria ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (166) ◽  
pp. 31-59
Author(s):  
Navid Hassanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Real World ◽  
Jürgen Habermas ◽  
Jurgen Habermas ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
Communication Context ◽  
Empirical Context

Although often cast by realists as an exemplar of moralist or rationalist thinking, Jürgen Habermas and certain commentators on his work reject this characterisation, highlighting elements of his thought that conflict with it. This article will examine dimensions of Habermas’s work that relate to many realist concerns in political theory. I argue that while he escapes the commonplace caricature of an abstract thinker who is inattentive to real world affairs, Habermas’s claims in relation to communication, historical and empirical context, and the development of rights in history, reveal a narrow consideration of what defines context and a progressivist narrative of history that fails to address seemingly outdated beliefs and political forces. An analysis of these issues can serve to inform understandings of these topics in realist thought and in political theory more broadly.

Assembling geographical knowledges of changing worlds

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline McGuirk
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Critical Questions ◽  
Knowledge Practices ◽  
Process Oriented ◽  
Empirical Context

This piece is sympathetic to the critical questions and epistemological arguments Larner (2011) presents for the current conjuncture of global transformations. I mobilize Larner’s arguments for process-oriented assemblage thinking and apply them to the particular conjuncture through which one of these transformations – climate change – is being problematized in the Australian empirical context, and its connection to existing and emergent institutional and political formations and knowledge practices. I also point to emergent process-oriented, situated scholarly accounts of climate change in Australia and their potential to expand the contestable spaces whereby alternative politicizations and alternative political and institutional forms might be imagined and enacted. In closing, I reflect on the connection between situated accounts, such as these, and the potential performative effects of situated theorizing.

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