The Personification of Present Mediated Political Communication

In recent decades, the political game in democratic societies has become increasingly personalized. The weakening of the role of parties as representatives of public interests is caused by the influence of personification, which in turn is facilitated by the growing importance of social media. Personalization is largely manifested in the period of election campaigns, since the electorate chooses specific individuals based on the image of a politician recreated in the media. Thus, the purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis about the increasing role of social media and the personification of the political game during election campaigns. The author chose bibliography analysis and content analysis as the research method. The author analyzed the profiles in social networks of candidates for deputies of the Legislative Assembly of the city of St. Petersburg, nominated by the electoral association "St. Petersburg regional branch of the All-Russian party "Unity and Fatherland" - "United Russia". Based on the analysis of the social media profiles of the candidates under consideration, the hypothesis put forward has not been confirmed. The paper concludes that the key factor in the personification of political discourse in the media is political competition. In the absence of political competition, politicians lose their incentives to disclose personalized information and form a positive image of a person in social media. The practical significance of the work for representatives of the political community lies in the fact that in order to increase public loyalty to the dominant party and trust in the activities of political leaders, politicians at all levels of government need to conduct a competent policy in social networks, based on the experience of democratic countries.

Behavioral Analysis in International Business Negotiations Based on the Bargaining Model of Game Theory

In the process of global digital trade rules negotiation, game and cooperation coexist, and all parties are actively seeking cooperative relationship while negotiating game. Against this background, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the negotiation process of global digital trade rules and analyzes the core issues of the negotiations and their implied political game. This paper firstly compares the core issues of global digital trade rules negotiations at multilateral and regional levels and quantitatively reflects the weighting relationship between core issues and keywords by means of a dynamic thematic model. In order to judge the potential partnership of each country, this paper constructs a theoretical model of partner selection for global digital trade rules negotiation from the perspective of political game and uses the data of 62 major digital trade countries for empirical testing. Compared with traditional trade agreements, the consensus reached in digital trade negotiations is less influenced by traditional economic geography factors and more influenced by the level of digital trade restrictions and political distance. When signing digital trade terms, a country tends to choose countries with similar levels of digital trade restrictions and high political similarity as partners. Financial restrictions and trade restrictions are the most important digital trade restriction factors that countries pay attention to when negotiating, and political stability is the most important political factor that countries pay attention to when negotiating. Compared with developed countries, developing countries pay more attention to market size, cultural differences, and digital infrastructure when negotiating. The formulation of global digital trade rules may follow a reconstructive path from bilateral to regional to multilateral, promoting regional digital trade rule systems at this stage and gradually expanding the scope of negotiations to the multilateral level.

Post-election political government partnerships in the Republic of Moldova: between desiderates and realities

The article examines some topics regarding the establishment, functionality and viability of the twelve governing coalitions that alternated in the Republic of Moldova in 1994– 2020. Particular attention is paid to the issue of forming a governing post-election parliamentary majority, based on political reason and substantial procedural consensus. The latter presupposes agreement on a set of procedures when taking decisions of common interest. It is concluded that the convergence of elites (coalition, alliance, partnership and other political collaboration arrangements for respecting the democratic political game) is a way of working of political elites and involves, in fact, a substantial transformation of unconsolidated democracy into a functioning, consolidated democracy.

Local Perceptions of COVID-19 in Pakistan’s Sindh Province: “Political Game”, Supernatural Test, or Western Conspiracy?

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has received various distinct perspectives and responses at the local as well as global levels. The current study pays attention to local perspectives, which have appeared in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Focusing on a small town of the province, we have found that some people consider the disease is a “political” game or a “supernatural test.” The given perceptions then guide further actions: either ignore or adopt the preventive measures or take supernatural preventive measures. Considering it as a test of God, Muslims perform prayers, while Bāgrrī community who practice Hinduism are taking the cow urine to deal with the virus. This study brings these perspectives to the center stage, yet the results cannot be generalized across the country, including the province. Moreover, the study situates these perspectives within the global and socio-cultural, economic, and political contexts and invites more in-depth studies to inquire why such perspectives emerge. We maintain that documenting these various perspectives and analyzing their impacts at the preparedness programs is essential yet understanding the causes behind the stated standpoints—if not more—then is equally essential.

Analisis Institusionalisasi Kebijakan Dana Kelurahan di Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo

Abstrak Institusionalisasi kebijakan dana kelurahan merupakan studi yang mempelajari tentang proses pelaksanaan terhadap kebijakan dana kelurahan yang telah ditetapkan pemerintah. Dana kelurahan dialokasikan pemerintah melalui Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 17 Tahun 2018 tentang Kecamatan dengan melihat keberhasilan yang dicapai dana desa dalam pembangunan dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dan menganalisis model institusionalisasi kebijakan dana kelurahan di Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo. Tipe penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif yang memberikan gambaran faktual mengenai tujuan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: pelaksanaan kebijakan dana kelurahan di Kecamatan Tempe Kabupaten Wajo sesuai dengan model institusionalisasi, yakni Rational Choice Institusionalism, Historical Institusionalism, Sosiologis Institusionalism, Discursive Institusionalism, dan Political Game. Kata Kunci: Institusionalisasi, Dana Kelurahan, Kebijakan, Wajo Abstract The Institutionalization of urban village fund policy is a study to learn about the implementation of the urban village fund policy process. The fund was allocated by the government through Government Regulation Number 17 of 2018 about Sub-Districts for the development of urban village/village facilities, infrastructure, and community empowerment by referring to the success of urban village/village funds. This study aimed to examine and analyze the institutionalization model of urban village fund policy in Tempe District of Wajo Regency. This research used qualitative approach to provide a factual picture of the research objectives. The results showed that the implementation of urban village fund policy in Tempe District of Wajo Regency fulfilled the institutionalization models namely Rational Choice Institutionalism, Historical Institutionalism, Sociological Institutionalism, Discursive Institutionalism, and Political Game. Keywords: Institutionalization, Village Fund, Policy, Wajo

Opposition behaviour against the third wave of autocratisation: Hungary and Poland compared

Hungary and Poland are often placed in the same analytical framework from the period of their ‘negotiated revolutions’ to their autocratic turn. This article aims to look behind this apparent similarity focusing on opposition behaviour. The analysis demonstrates that the executive–parliament power structure, the vigour of the extra-parliamentary actors, and the opposition party frame have the strongest influence on opposition behaviour, and they provide the sources of difference between the two country cases: in Hungary an enforced power game and in Poland a political game constrain opposition opportunities and opposition strategic behaviour.

Websites as Spaces for Building the Identities of Political Parties

Initially, studies on policy and the internet considered websites as spaces for the propagation of political and electoral marketing. However, this proposal presents a different perspective regarding the internet as a space for building the identity of political parties with their diverse audiences: cross-party and intra-party. The chapter is divided into three parts: the first deals with politics and the internet focusing on the theory of equalization and normalization to match the political game between major and minor parties. Thus, to understand the organizational structure of the parties, the theory of the parties of cadres and masses is offered. Also, to deepen this discussion, the selective and collective incentives that are part of the genetics of political parties are treated. As the results, the website serves as an instrument of communication of the party, divulging the objectives, the internal disputes between the different factions, and the way the party works.

ss ieskats Astrīdas Lindgrēnes piemiņas balvas (ALMA) specifikā un bērnu literatūras apbalvošanas fenomenā. ALMA Latvijas grāmatizdošanas kontekstā

Historically, children’s literature awards have been established both to improve the quality of children’s literature and to promote the market for children’s books. Today, an international prize for literature can be seen as a socio-political game with the aim of disseminating specific values and sharing various ideas that seem relevant to a society. The Astrid Lindgren Memorial Award (ALMA) is the most generous children’s literature award in monetary terms – and, at the same time, one of the largest literary awards. The study examines the details and choices of ALMA nomination, provides a brief insight into the problems of the awarding phenomenon, as well as considers ALMA in the context of Latvian book publishing.

Political Game-Changers: The Importance of Leaders for Newly Emerged Parties in Romania

Party leaders continue to be crucial players in politics. The theories of personalization and presidentialization of party politics reflect the centrality of leaders’ roles. Little attention has been paid to the effects of leaders on the formation and development of newly emerged parties. This article aims to fill that gap by analyzing the effect of leaders on the formation, intra-party cohesion, and membership organization of three newly emerged Romanian parties between 2015 and 2019. The qualitative analysis uses content from primary (party documents and elite discourses) and secondary sources (media reports). The findings indicate that the leaders’ approaches towards party formation and organization differ substantially across the examined parties and explain their cohesion and electoral appeal.