Evans, Walker (1903–1975)

Author(s):  
Naomi Slipp

Walker Evans was an American photographer best known for his work for the Farm Security Administration during the American Depression. His documentary style, historically regarded as detached, is now viewed as characteristic of Evans’s own point of view. Born to an affluent family in St. Louis, Missouri, Evans studied literature at Williams College before moving to Paris in 1926. In 1928, Evans moved to New York City and began taking photographs, citing Eugène Atget as an influence. He was given a solo exhibition at the Julien Levy Gallery in 1932. He traveled to Havana in the following year. The photographs taken there reveal a country in the midst of a revolution, and were published in The Crime of Cuba (1933) alongside text by journalist Carleton Beals. Two years later, Evans began working for Fortune magazine, eventually contributing over four hundred images to the publication before his departure in 1965. Evans’s penetrating documentary images express an interest in the everyday lives of individuals, balancing senses of both intimacy and detachment. His photographs of the Depression are considered some of the most iconic images of that era.

Author(s):  
Adam Meehan

Nathanael West was an author and screenwriter whose work spanned the decade of the 1930s. He was born Nathan Weinstein on 17 October 1903 in New York City; his decision to change his name at the age of twenty-two reflects a life-long ambivalence toward his Jewish ancestry. He is best known as a novelist whose work teems with characters suffering from psychological traumas stemming from the bleak atmosphere of Depression-era America. He died tragically and in relative obscurity with his wife Eileen in an automobile accident outside of El Centro, California in 1940. Miss Lonelyhearts (1933), his second novel, is widely considered his best work. Unlike his first novel, The Dream Life of Balso Snell (1931) — which was influenced by French surrealism and was highly experimental in style — Miss Lonelyhearts is rooted in the everyday challenges of the Great Depression. The title character, whose actual name is never given, works as an advice columnist for a newspaper in New York City. Although he and others see the job as trivial, the desperate letters from readers begin to take a heavy emotional toll, leading him on an ill-fated search for meaning. Although the book’s plot is tragic, it also features elements of black comedy, a pervasive element of West’s work.


2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
jøran rudi

bill fontana is an american composer and artist who has been working with large-scale sound installations since the 1970s. in his installations he recontextualises sounds by transmitting them from one location to another, and uses the transported sounds as acoustical ‘overlay’, masking the sounds naturally occurring in the installation spaces. his installations often occur in central urban environments, and he has, for example, been commissioned in conjunction with the fifty-year anniversary of d-day (1994, paris), and the 100-year anniversary of brooklyn bridge (1983, new york city).


Prospects ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 255-291
Author(s):  
John Raeburn

Berenice abbott's photographs of New York City in the 1930s, made under the aegis of the Federal Arts Project of the WPA, have never enjoyed the acclaim that the work of photographers for the Farm Security Administration (FSA) received from the 1930s onward, despite the fact that her work is at least the equal of theirs in both aesthetic and documentary interest. Her photographs have not exactly been neglected — she is dutifully mentioned in most histories of twentieth-century photography — but neither have they been seen as at least equally central to our understanding of the culture of 1930s America as the work of Rothstein, Mydans, Lee, and even Lange and Evans. Changing New York (1939), a collection of nearly 100 of her photographs taken between 1935 and 1938, is a major document of the Depression, one that has heretofore been slighted in evaluations of the decade's achievements.


Author(s):  
Jorge Pulla González

Walker Evans (1903-1975) es una figura central de lo que se ha llamado el “estilo documental”, en especial por el papel que tuvo en el seno del proyecto emprendido por la Farm Security Administration durante los años treinta. Evans fue despedido de la FSA muy tempranamente, pero su trabajo constituye el núcleo del proyecto y la base del estilo documental norteamericano. A lo largo de esta comunicación indicaremos las fuentes europeas de las que este surgió, entre las que se encuentra la literatura y la fotografía del entorno de las vanguardias, en especial del surrealismo francés. Mostraremos cómo la fotografía de Evans surge en un medio totalmente europeo y bebe de dos fuentes completamente distintas: En primer lugar, está la literatura, especialmente la literatura francesa encarnada en dos figuras fundamentales: el poeta Baudelaire, del cual extraerá el espíritu propio del flâneur, y Flaubert, figura clave del realismo exacerbado. El método de Flaubert será incorporado por Evans de modo natural, como una prolongación involuntaria de su fracasada actividad literaria. Walker Evans estableció una estrecha relación con la literatura francesa de vanguardia a través de sus lecturas, primero, en la biblioteca universitaria del Williams College y, más tarde, durante sus tres años de trabajo en la New York Public Library. En estas instituciones leyó a Baudelaire, a Gide y al resto de los escritores franceses más innovadores. Esta relación se hizo más estrecha aún durante la larga estancia en París de la que disfrutó los años 1926-1927. Aunque la estancia en Francia no le reportó ningún beneficio a su casi inexistente prosa, su experiencia europea y el contacto con la vanguardia literaria que esta le procuró han de tenerse en cuenta a la hora de entender su desarrollo posterior como fotógrafo, hecho que la crítica norteamericana tiende a minusvalorar a la hora de analizar su obra, que prefiere entender como algo pura e intrínsecamente estadounidense. Pero, como veremos, Evans mismo desmiente este acercamiento a su trabajo. En 1927 regresa a los Estados Unidos, abandonando definitivamente la escritura. Cuando comienza a fotografiar, la atención a los objetos comunes y a lo ordinario presentes en la literatura de las vanguardias serán inmediatamente el origen de las listas de temas de su trabajo, centrado, en línea con Mac Orlan, Benjamin y el surrealismo, en “los desechos de lo cotidiano” y en los signos urbanos: la publicidad y las señales, los maniquíes…   En segundo lugar, la fotografía, cuyos referentes más directos son Brady y, especialmente, el francés Atget, con cuya obra entabló contacto en ambientes muy influidos por el surrealismo. También asimiló estrategias de la fotografía constructivista soviética y alemana de vanguardia, especialmente en sus estudios de las potencialidades geométricas de las grandes estructuras arquitectónicas.


Prospects ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 269-292
Author(s):  
Michael G. Sundell

In a pioneering article on the “Documentary Approach to Photography” published in 1938, Beaumont Newhall cited two large-scale contemporary photodocumentations to exemplify what he saw as the commitment of “younger photographers” to “this materialistic approach [as] the basis for an esthetic of photography.” Both projects had been supported by the federal government since 1935, and both were massive in scope. One was the monumental survey of rural America conducted for the Farm Security Administration by a team of photographers directed by the economist Roy Emerson Stryker. The other was “Changing New York”—the “courageous and sweeping documentation of New York City” by a single artist, Berenice Abbott, aided by a small group of research and technical assistants provided by the Federal Art Project of the WPA.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Murphy

This thesis explores the work of Walker Evans (1903–1975) and Henri Cartier-Bresson (1908– 2004) in relation to the New York City Ballet (NYCB) and its co-founder, Lincoln Kirstein (1907–1996). Kirstein, a respected author and critic, supported numerous creative mediums, artists, and photographers. However, despite his friendship and sponsorship of Evans and Cartier-Bresson, their photographs of Kirstein’s dance company have remained relatively unknown. This lacuna invites a reexamination of their work at the NYCB, with an emphasis on Kirstein’s influential relationship with each photographer. In addition to supplementing scholarship on Evans and Cartier-Bresson, this thesis is accompanied by an illustrated catalogue containing all known images related to the NYCB by both photographers, reproducing the majority of this work for the first time. This thesis thus aims to produce a significant contribution to not only our knowledge of Evans and Cartier-Bresson’s oeuvres, but also twentieth-century American art and culture.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Murphy

This thesis explores the work of Walker Evans (1903–1975) and Henri Cartier-Bresson (1908– 2004) in relation to the New York City Ballet (NYCB) and its co-founder, Lincoln Kirstein (1907–1996). Kirstein, a respected author and critic, supported numerous creative mediums, artists, and photographers. However, despite his friendship and sponsorship of Evans and Cartier-Bresson, their photographs of Kirstein’s dance company have remained relatively unknown. This lacuna invites a reexamination of their work at the NYCB, with an emphasis on Kirstein’s influential relationship with each photographer. In addition to supplementing scholarship on Evans and Cartier-Bresson, this thesis is accompanied by an illustrated catalogue containing all known images related to the NYCB by both photographers, reproducing the majority of this work for the first time. This thesis thus aims to produce a significant contribution to not only our knowledge of Evans and Cartier-Bresson’s oeuvres, but also twentieth-century American art and culture.


1942 ◽  
Vol 74 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 155-162
Author(s):  
H. Kurdian

In 1941 while in New York City I was fortunate enough to purchase an Armenian MS. which I believe will be of interest to students of Eastern Christian iconography.


1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
Robert Chatham

The Court of Appeals of New York held, in Council of the City of New York u. Giuliani, slip op. 02634, 1999 WL 179257 (N.Y. Mar. 30, 1999), that New York City may not privatize a public city hospital without state statutory authorization. The court found invalid a sublease of a municipal hospital operated by a public benefit corporation to a private, for-profit entity. The court reasoned that the controlling statute prescribed the operation of a municipal hospital as a government function that must be fulfilled by the public benefit corporation as long as it exists, and nothing short of legislative action could put an end to the corporation's existence.In 1969, the New York State legislature enacted the Health and Hospitals Corporation Act (HHCA), establishing the New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (HHC) as an attempt to improve the New York City public health system. Thirty years later, on a renewed perception that the public health system was once again lacking, the city administration approved a sublease of Coney Island Hospital from HHC to PHS New York, Inc. (PHS), a private, for-profit entity.


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