Policy Reforms in the Agricultural Sector: Implementation and Impact

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-135
Author(s):  
Jane Harrigan
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Policy Reforms

scholarly journals Political Innovations for ICT Institutionalization in Benin Agricultural System

2020 ◽  
pp. 264-277
Author(s):  
Mori W. Gouroubera ◽  
Latifou Idrissou ◽  
Ismail M. Moumouni
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Ict Integration ◽  
Policy Documents ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Innovation Capacity

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a significant role in addressing the challenges in agriculture in many countries. However, the institutionalization of ICT in any country’s agricultural system highly depends on its ICT policies. Benin’s agricultural sector has undergone many policy reforms since its independence in 1960 which caused changes in the orientation of ICT usage. This article aims to analyze ICT integration policies in agriculture in Benin regarding the innovations brought to facilitate its institutionalization. Therefore, three (3) dimensions of national political innovations are explored: innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice. A qualitative approach was adopted based not only on policy documents analysis such as laws, decrees and projects/programs but also on interviews with 30 key persons involved in the sector. The results showed that: (i) ICT has long been overlooked in agricultural policies in Benin; (ii) Low propensity and capacity was noticed regarding innovation of ICT integration in agriculture from 1960 until 2014. After this period, several innovations were introduced but they are still under innovation practiced. This study shows to researchers and practitioners that high political innovation propensity in the field of ICT integration in agriculture does not guarantee its institutionalization. The three concepts –innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice are inter-linked with each other in successfully institutionalizing ICT in agricultural sector. In the case of Benin, despite the fact that several innovations have been introduced their institutionalization is lagging behind. The results are useful for ICT policies, researchers and practitioners to better understand the process of ICT integration in agricultural system.

scholarly journals Challenges in Modeling the Effects of Trade Agreements on the Agricultural Sector

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Westhoff ◽  
Jacinto Fabiosa ◽  
John Beghin ◽  
William Meyers
Keyword(s):  
Trade Policy ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Policy Modeling ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Emerging Issues

Major issues and challenges encountered in modeling and analyzing agricultural and trade policy reforms are reviewed. We focus on modeling approach and pay special attention to the type and scope of models, calibration of a realistic baseline scenario, representation of the reform agreement, use of extramodel information, choice of metrics to measure reform impacts, and emerging issues in policy modeling. Existing solutions and unresolved issues are examined. We stress the complementarity of various modeling approaches in assessing policy reforms and the importance of helping users understand the limitations of the chosen approach.

Trade in Services

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-169
Author(s):  
Bernard Hoekman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Regional Trade ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Trade Growth ◽  
Processed Products

This chapter reviews some of the literature on trade in services, with an emphasis on recent analyses of services trade policies and their effects. African trade is heavily concentrated in agricultural and natural resource-based commodities; the agricultural sector continues to be a major source of employment and economic activity. Trade volumes have risen since the 1990s and exports of some industrial and processed products have been increasing, however, intra-regional trade remains well below potential and the challenge of diversification continues to prevail. There are encouraging prospects for accelerating trade growth as a result of policy reforms. A premise of this chapter is that a precondition for leveraging trade opportunities is a substantial reduction in trading and transaction costs for African firms beyond the current focus on actions to facilitate trade and focus more on improving the performance of a variety of services, including transport, logistics, and related services.

POLICY REFORMS AND AGRICULTURAL EXPORTS IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (04) ◽  
pp. 589-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
DOUGLASON GODWIN OMOTOR ◽  
CHRISTOPHER O. ORUBU ◽  
EMMANUEL INONI
Keyword(s):  
Structural Adjustment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Export Earning ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Agricultural Export ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Policy Shift

The role of agriculture in the process of growth and development arises mainly from its linkages with other sectors of an economy. The agricultural sector in developing countries in recent times has recorded secular declines in terms of its contribution to export earning and domestic consumption. This observation is associated with policy inertia among other factors. The Structural Adjustment Programme adopted in Nigeria in the 1980s, is one policy shift aimed at boosting agricultural production. This article aims at empirically verifying the effects of policy reform on agricultural exports in Nigeria by estimating a simple impact assessment model using a slope-dummy method. The estimates among others indicate that agricultural export is significantly influenced by domestic consumption and economic liberalization. The findings suggest that policy reforms on agricultural productivity should go beyond liberalization of the economy.

scholarly journals Seed industry and seed policy reforms in Bangladesh: impacts and implications

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 989-1002
Author(s):  
Deepthi Elizabeth Kolady ◽  
Md. Abdul Awal
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
High Population Density ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Seed Industry

High population density in Bangladesh implies that agricultural productivity improvement is key to ensure food security. This raises the need for increased research and development investment in the agricultural sector. Although Bangladesh has enacted various seed policy reforms since 1990s to attract the private sector, the seed sector in Bangladesh still remains less developed and relies heavily on imports for the supply of quality seeds. Unlike in Bangladesh, the seed policy reforms in India contributed to the development of a competitive seed industry in India. In this study, we examine the characteristics of seed sector in Bangladesh, conduct a comparative analysis of seed policy reforms in Bangladesh and India, and empirically examine the effect of Bangladesh seed policy reforms on cereal crops’ productivity. Results from the study have implications for seed industry stakeholders and policy makers in developing countries, particularly in designing strategies and policies for seed industry development.

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