Sources of building cost data

2016 ◽  
pp. 114-148
Keyword(s):  
Cost Data ◽  
Building Cost

The Effect of Different Groupings of Building Elements on Cost Significant Elements and their Cost Contributions to the Total Building Cost of a Block of Medium Cost Apartments in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 405-408 ◽  
pp. 3335-3339
Author(s):  
Cheng Sim Lim ◽  
Tien Choon Toh ◽  
Wah Peng Lee ◽  
See Seng Ng ◽  
Chin Khian Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Building Cost ◽  
Medium Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In ◽  
Building Elements

Utilising cost data from a block of medium cost apartments in Sungai Buloh, Malaysia, this pilot study aims to evaluate the cost significant elements (CSE) and their cost contributions (in percentages) to the total building cost (TBC) determined based on the grouping of building elements according to the original bills of quantities (BQ) format and the grouping of building elements according to The Institution of Surveyors, Malaysia (ISM)’s elemental cost analysis (ECA) format. Two separate tabulations following the same steps are made in order to achieve the objective of the study. Each tabulation has information on the total cost of each element, and produces information on ‘Actual Total Bill Value’, ‘Mean Bill Value’, ‘Total Bill Value of CSE’, ‘Number of Total Elements (TE)’, ‘Number of CSE in Total’, ‘CSE/TE (per cent)’, and lastly ‘Total Bill Value of CSE/Actual Total Bill Value’. For both tabulations, it is found that “45.45% to 50.00%” of the total number of building elements has contributed to “78.11% to 83.77%” of the TBC and that the two different groupings of building elements being studied have yielded quite similar results. Nonetheless, further analysis can be done with more data from other similar buildings in the region to obtain statistically reliable results.

IMPLEMENTASI JOB ORDER COSTING METHOD DALAM PERHITUNGAN HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI MAP

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Ika Yulianti ◽  
Endah Masrunik ◽  
Anam Miftakhul Huda ◽  
Diana Elvianita
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Method Calculation ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to find a comparison of the calculation of the cost of goods manufactured in the CV. Mitra Setia Blitar uses the company's method and uses the Job Order Costing (JOC) method. The method used in this study is quantitative. The types of data used are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data is in the form of map production cost data while qualitative data is in the form of information about map production process. The result of calculating the cost of production of the map between the two methods results in a difference of Rp. 306. Calculation using the company method is more expensive than using the Job Order Costing method. Calculation of cost of goods manufactured using the company method is Rp. 2,205,000, - or Rp. 2,205, - each unit. While using the Job Order Costing (JOC) method is Rp. 1,899,000, - or Rp 1,899, - each unit. So that the right method used in calculating the cost of production is the Job Order Costing (JOC) method

A real time, wireless and low cost data acquisition system for residential PV modules

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheyma BARKA ◽  
Hanen MESSAOUDI-ABID ◽  
Houda BEN ATTIA SETTHOM ◽  
Afef BENNANI-BEN ABDELGHANI ◽  
Ilhem SLAMA-BELKHODJA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Acquisition System ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Acquisition System ◽  
Pv Modules

scholarly journals A novel approach to optimize the production cost of railway coaches of India using situational-based composite triangular and trapezoidal fuzzy LPP models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Gaurav Dhiman ◽  
Neeraj Kumar ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Chandrawat ◽  
Varun Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Membership Grade ◽  
Minimum Costs

AbstractThis article offers a comparative study of maximizing and modelling production costs by means of composite triangular fuzzy and trapezoidal FLPP. It also outlines five different scenarios of instability and has developed realistic models to minimize production costs. Herein, the first attempt is made to examine the credibility of optimized cost via two different composite FLP models, and the results were compared with its extension, i.e., the trapezoidal FLP model. To validate the models with real-time phenomena, the Production cost data of Rail Coach Factory (RCF) Kapurthala has been taken. The lower, static, and upper bounds have been computed for each situation, and then systems of optimized FLP are constructed. The credibility of each model of composite-triangular and trapezoidal FLP concerning all situations has been obtained, and using this membership grade, the minimum and the greatest minimum costs have been illustrated. The performance of each composite-triangular FLP model was compared to trapezoidal FLP models, and the intense effects of trapezoidal on composite fuzzy LPP models are investigated.

scholarly journals Response to commentaries by Kildemoes and Kristiansen

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-420
Author(s):  
Christian Juhl Terkelsen
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Treatment Delay ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Danish Health ◽  
Dutch Study ◽  
Prehospital Diagnosis ◽  
Meta Analyses

§1.1. Recent data documents that not a “majority” but only 40% of Danish patients arrive at the hospital within 30 minutes of ambulance call (7;8). §1.2. The Dutch study confirmed that, even in areas with 13 minutes transport time to the hospital, comparable to the Danish scenery, a prehospital thrombolytic strategy reduced treatment delay by nearly 1 hour (5). §1.3. We appreciate that the authors confirm our viewpoint, that is, quoting that “the mortality reduction more than doubles up,” “if hospital delay is totally eliminated (corresponding to a delay reduction of 1 hour).” In the future, patients should be diagnosed before hospital admission and either treated before hospital admission with thrombolysis or transferred directly to interventional center for primary PCI. In both settings, the delay at the local hospital, averaging 1 hour, would be eliminated (1;8). §2.0. Kildemoes and Kristiansen may have misunderstood our arguments regarding the Boersma formula. We recommend that they read our previous viewpoint (9). We have no reason to believe that distribution of patient delay in Denmark differs significantly from other countries. Moreover, we are surprised that the case fatality estimates implemented by Kildemoes and Kristiansen differs significantly from findings in a recent Danish Health Technology Assessment and findings in previous meta-analyses (2;4;6). §3.1. For 7 years, the present group of authors have worked with telemedicine in the prehospital evaluation of patients. Our close collaborators, the ambulance operators and the company delivering telemedicine equipment, have confirmed our cost data, whereas they disagree with the cost data implemented by Kildemoes and Kristiansen. §3.2. Equipment for twelve-lead ECG acquisition is necessary when implementing prehospital diagnosis, irrespective of whether the diagnoses are established by telemedicine, by paramedics, or by physicians. §5. A 1-hour reduction in treatment delay is achievable by a prehospital diagnostic strategy, both in the setting of prehospital thrombolysis and in the setting of prehospital referral to interventional centers for primary PCI (6;8). This reduction in treatment delay should have a major impact on AMI fatality (also in Denmark; 3;6).

Analysis of Profit and Loss by Injury Severity over 20 Years at a University Level I Trauma Center

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 644-648
Author(s):  
Zachary Dietch ◽  
Jeffrey S. Young ◽  
Steven D. Young
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Positive Margin ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Hospital Charges ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
University Level ◽  
Level I ◽  
Injured Patients

We examined financial data from a University Level I Trauma Center from 1994 to 2014. We sought to investigate the hypothesis that lower injury severity correlates with increased profitability. We examined data from July 1994 to December 2014. This included hospital charges, Medicare cost data, final reimbursement, and payor source. Patients were separated into Injury Severity Score (ISS) groupings: 0 to 9, 10 to 14, 15 to 24, >24, and >14. Mean and standard deviation of mean are reported. We had complete data on 27,582 patients. Overall profit per case when subtracting costs from reimbursements was $1,932/case (total profit in unadjusted dollars = $53,475,828 or $2,673,791/year). When examined by ISS, profitability was significantly different between ISS 0 to 14 and 15 to 24, and > 24. When charge data were examined, the average loss per case was -$31,313 for the 27,582 patient data set. When using cost, and not charge data, overall trauma care had a positive margin. Severely injured patients (ISS > 14) were the most profitable, with a significantly higher profit per case than all other groupings. Only through examination of cost data can realistic determinations of trauma center profitability be made. If only charge data had been examined in this study, the overall loss from the 20-year period would have been $863,675,166 and not a profit of $53,475,828.

Kosten und Nutzen der Ausbildung an Tertiärbildungsinstitutionen im Vergleich

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina T. Riphahn ◽  
Martina Eschelbach ◽  
Guido Heineck ◽  
Steffen Müller
Keyword(s):  
Regular Education ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Alternative Procedures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Different Sources

AbstractWe compare German institutions of tertiary education (universities and polytechnics) with respect to the cost of and the returns to their educational degrees. Based on cost data from two different sources we find that on average the expenditures of universities are lower than those of polytechnics when we consider expenditures per potential enrollee and per student enrolled during the regular education period. We apply data from the German Socio-economic Panel (2001-2007) to estimate the private returns to tertiary education and find higher returns to university than polytechnic training. These results are robust to a variety of alternative procedures.

Squeezing the "value" from cost data

1998 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
David F. Kong ◽  
Eric D. Petersons
Keyword(s):  
Cost Data
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