Cameroon’s community forests program and women’s income generation from non-timber forest products: negative impacts and potential solutions

2015 ◽  
pp. 98-116
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Negative Impacts

scholarly journals Farmers’ perceptions of the impacts of Adansonia digitata L. leaves exploitation on its conservation and on livelihoods of local communities in Mali, West Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadidjatou Nana Sogodogo ◽  
Kapoury Sanogo ◽  
DA Sie Sylvestre ◽  
Souleymane S. Traoré ◽  
Joseph Ipou
Keyword(s):  
Species Conservation ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Adansonia Digitata ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Farmer’S Perception

Baobab tree species plays a significant role in the livelihoods of rural dwellers in the Sahel regions. This study was carried out to analyze farmer’s perceptions on the impacts of Adansonia digitata L. leaves exploitation on its conservation and on livelihoods of local communities. Data were collected by interviewing 120 farmers to elucidate the impacts of leaves exploitation as well as the contribution of the species on their livelihoods. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data to identify the annual contribution and to determine the socio-demographic characteristics influencing farmer’s perception of baobab leaves harvesting techniques. The results show that non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are the second pillar to support the respondents after agriculture. Their contribution rate ranged between 4 and 7% in the study sites. The findings revealed that the annual income obtained per person from the exploitation of baobab leaves ranged from 33,714 FCFA (56.00 USD) to 52,857 FCFA (87.80 USD). Its contribution to annual household income varies between 2.51 and 5.4%. Two (used of machete and stick) out of the three (manual collection, used of machete and stick) methods used by farmers to harvest the baobab leaves, have negative impacts on baobab species conservation. Age, educational level, and gender are key factors influencing farmer’s perception of baobab leaves harvesting. In view of the importance of the baobab tree, it is imperative that the domestication and propagation of baobab trees should be supported through the adoption of improved agroforestry technologies. In addition, sustainable harvesting practices of baobab leaves is also recommended for the conservation of this species.

scholarly journals The Socio-economic and Environmental Implications of Supplying Charcoal in Yaounde City

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
L. Defo ◽  
M. Touakam ◽  
C. Tatuebu, Tagne ◽  
F. Nghobuoche
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
The Past ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The City

This article aims to identify and assess the socio-economic and environmental implications of supplying charcoal in the city of Yaounde. To achieve the above-mentioned goal, investigations based on a standardized questionnaire (130 charcoal producers and sellers), formal interviews (7 resource persons), informal discussions, field observations and floristic survey were carried out in Bikok between the last quarter of 2016 and the second quarter of 2017. Bikok, a subdivision located in the neighbourhood of Yaounde is one of the most important supply sites of charcoal for the city. Investigations revealed that, accelerated demographic growth over the past fifty years, unemployment and poverty constitute the main factors for the increase in the production and consumption of charcoal in the city. Poverty, unemployment and the urge for the satisfaction of basic needs constituted the main reasons for involvement of 98.8% of charcoal producers in the activity. The increase in urban demand for charcoal is at the origin of several significant biophysical impacts, including the degradation of forests and soils as well as the decrease in the availability of some Non-Timber Forest Products and animal species. In the survey villages, a total area of 3.1 hectares of forest is cut each year and the average distances from inhabited areas to harvesting areas, increased from 0.8 to 5 km in 10 years. 76.6% of charcoal producers believe that some animal species are increasingly rare in the locality. On the socio-economic level, this activity creates jobs, generates income thereby increasing the living standards of producers and sellers. More than 300 people are involved in this activity who earns on average an income of 3000 to 6000 Central African Franc (XAF) per day. Decrease in the availability of certain NTFPs and damage to the health of producers constituted some of the negative socio-economic impacts of this activity. It is imperative to adopt measures to limit the negative impacts of this activity while ensuring a sustainable supply of charcoal in the city or the use of alternative sources of fuel.

Threats to terrestrial biodiversity

2019 ◽  
pp. 177-212
Author(s):  
Richard T. Corlett
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Human Impacts ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity

More than a billion people inhabit Tropical East Asia today and negative impacts on ecosystems and wild species are pervasive. Historically, the ultimate driver has been human population growth, but while this is now slowing, there is no prospect of an early reduction in human impacts. Poverty, corruption, weak governance, and globalization are additional underlying drivers. The major proximal threats and their consequences—deforestation, habitat fragmentation, mining, urbanization and infrastructure development, logging and the collection of non-timber forest products, hunting and the wildlife trade, fires, invasive species, emerging infectious diseases, air pollution and nutrient enrichment, and anthropogenic climate change—are described in turn in this chapter. Finally, the problems of assessing and predicting extinctions are discussed.

Useful wild tree resources of southern Sudan: a review

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
The North ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Wild Tree ◽  
North And South

AbstractSouthern Sudan has a rich tree flora. Trees are important in the livelihoods of the numerous tribes of the region, who use them for shelter, fuel, food, fodder, medicine and income generation. The gallery and depression forests contain valuable timber trees. Other species provide non-timber forest products that are potentially tradable outside Sudan, particularly in African countries that have over-exploited their own forest resources. As the carrying capacity of the western and central areas of Sudan decreases, the pressure on the natural resources of the higher rainfall southern areas will increase. This in itself might initiate conflict, as various tribes compete over a relatively rich resource base. The recent peace established between the north and south could result in depletion of the forest resources of the south through commercial exploitation. This paper details and discusses the wild tree resources of southern Sudan, including many already threatened species.

scholarly journals Potentiality of income generation through Non-timber Forest Products: A case study from the Sallipatan Trishakti Community Forest, Bajhang district, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Jeewan Singh ◽  
Mahamad Sayab Miya ◽  
Amit Adhikari ◽  
Lalit Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Cinnamomum Tamala ◽  
Valeriana Jatamansi ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products

Non-timber Forest Products are the major source of livelihood support for rural communities in Nepal. A case study was performed to determine the potentiality of income generation through Non-timber Forest Products (NTFPs) in the Sallipatan Trishakti community forest of Bajhang district, Nepal from February to April 2020. The Questionnaire surveys, key informant surveys, focus group discussions and forest resource inventory have been used for the data collection. A total of 37 species of NTFPs from 31 families were identified out of which only five species were found to have high market potential. Xanthoxylum armatum (Timur), Phyllanthus emblica (Amala), and Cinnamomum tamala (Tejpat) were found in good frequency and have a good market but the yearly earnings and the number of households involved were low. Bergenia ciliate (Pakhanbed), Valeriana jatamansi (Sugandhawal), and Rhododendron arboretum (Lali gurans) were present in high density in the forest and have high market value but locals didn’t prefer and market them due to lack of knowledge and processing technology. Pinus roxburghii, Myrica esculenta, Among the total respondents, 59% collect NTFPs for household purposes, 30% for selling purposes, and 11% for traditional uses. Swertia chirayita, Rhododendron arboretum, Cinnamomum tamala, Drepanostachyum sps., Asparagous racemous and Taxus wallichiana would have the potentiality for small scale business from the community forest if they were promoted and managed properly.

scholarly journals Production of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and diversity of harvesting practices and decision-making processes in northern Thailand’s community forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 343 ◽  
pp. 39-52
Author(s):  
Wuthiwong Wimolsakcharoen ◽  
Pongchai Dumrongrojwatthana ◽  
Guy Trébuil
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Decision Making Processes

Previous research on community forestry in Thailand has mainly focused on its institutional dimensions. Comprehensive knowledge on the production of non-timber forest products and on harvesting practices and decision-making processes is therefore still limited, particularly in relation to community-based forestry. A survey was performed to estimate the production of non-timber forest products and to characterise the diversity of harvesting practices and decision-making processes in northern Thailand’s community forests. Field investigations were conducted once a month for 12 months in seven community forests in the Lainan sub-district in Nan Province, using a grid-based sampling technique. Production and productivity of the main non-timber forest products were calculated by total fresh weight. In-depth interviews were conducted individually with 231 local harvesters to understand their NTFP harvesting practices and decision-making processes. Young shoots of Melientha suavis, queen broods of Oecophylla smaragdina and edible mushrooms were found to be the three main non-timber forest products collected, with productivity of 2, 12, and 2 kg/ha/year, respectively. Harvesting practices were characterised as applied by (A) landless villagers, (B) small- and medium-sized landholders, (C) larger landholders, and (D) outsiders. Local harvesters displayed different decision-making processes in resource harvesting depending on periods of resource availability, the duration of harvests and the quantities harvested. These quantitative data on resource productivity together with knowledge of harvesting practices and decision-making processes among harvesters will provide input to a participatory resource management process to support exchanges of knowledge among local stakeholders and explore scenarios for appropriate rules of access so as to improve the sustainability of non-timber forest product harvesting.

scholarly journals Contributions of Selected Non Timber Forest Products to Socio Economic Lives in Oban Hills Forest Reserve, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Anoh, Regina Ado ◽  
Ogar, David Abua ◽  
Alobi, Alobi Obaji ◽  
Ifebueme, Nzube Michael
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Household Size ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
The People ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Student’S T

The study appraised the socio-economic contributions of selected Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) to the people in Oban Hills Group Forest Reserve, Nigeria. The research was carried out from November, 2014 to January, 2015. Data were collected through the administration of structured questionnaires to randomly selected household heads in ten (10) communities from the east and west corridors of the Oban Hills Forest Reserve. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as tables, means, simple percentages and graphical illustrations. Inferential analysis was conducted using student’s t-test and correlation analysis. Results indicate that 68.90 percent of the respondents were male while 31.10 percent were female with 42.10% being farmers. Also 73.60 percent of the respondents were married and mostly in the age brackets of 31-40 years. Result on correlation revealed that there was significant relationship between occupation and household size (p ≤ 0.05), experience and occupation relate significantly with the income of the respondents at 0.01 and 0.05 level of significant respectively, while marital status relates negatively with household size and experience (p ≤ 0.01). The study revealed that Irvingia gabonensis (Bushmango), Gnetum africana (Afang), Archachatina spp (Snail), and Bushmeat were the major NTFPs harvested from the forest in the study area. On ranking the NTFPs, in relation to income generation and employment, results indicate that Bushmango was the major income generation source, with the highest employment openings in the study area. The people of Oban Hills Group Forest Reserve depend on NTFPs directly and indirectly for income generation and employment, There is need for sustainable harvesting of NTFPs in the study area to enhance their preservation and sustainability in the wild and also proper marketing channels of NTFPs to generate adequate income to improve the living standard of the people in the study area.

scholarly journals Reconstructing the Concept of Forest-Based Enterprise Development in Nepal: Towards a Pro-Poor Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharat Pokharel ◽  
Dinesh Paudel ◽  
Peter Branney ◽  
Dil Bahadur Khatri ◽  
Mike Nurse
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Community Forestry ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Community Groups ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Non Timber Forest Products ◽  
Key Aspects

This paper demonstrates that community forests have high potential to make a significant contribution to rural income and employment through non-timber forest products enterprises particularly to the poor. The paper highlights a practical experience of the pro-poor entrepreneurship approach, its process, steps and outcomes through examination of a recently-developed enterprise in Jiri, Dolakha district of the central hills region of Nepal. The paper concludes that there are five key aspects which need additional attention for a successful pro-poor enterprise: the scale of the enterprise; pro-poor governance of community groups; necessary skills and capacity to empower the poor producers, both socially and economically; partnership building among private, community groups and poor households; and specialized services to tap competitive markets and conducive policy environment. Key Words: community forestry, poverty reduction, enterprise, entrepreneurship, equity, income generation, employment doi: 10.3126/jfl.v5i1.1981 Journal of Forest and Livelihood 5(1) February, 2006 pp.53-65

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