scholarly journals Multilingual Medical Data Models in ODM Format

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 276-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kenneweg ◽  
F. Fritz ◽  
P. Bruland ◽  
D. Doods ◽  
B. Trinczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Technical Specification ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Data Models ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Web Based

SummaryBackground: Semantic interoperability between routine healthcare and clinical research is an unsolved issue, as information systems in the healthcare domain still use proprietary and site-specific data models. However, information exchange and data harmonization are essential for physicians and scientists if they want to collect and analyze data from different hospitals in order to build up registries and perform multicenter clinical trials. Consequently, there is a need for a standardized metadata exchange based on common data models. Currently this is mainly done by informatics experts instead of medical experts.Objectives: We propose to enable physicians to exchange, rate, comment and discuss their own medical data models in a collaborative web-based repository of medical forms in a standardized format.Methods: Based on a comprehensive requirement analysis, a web-based portal for medical data models was specified. In this context, a data model is the technical specification (attributes, data types, value lists) of a medical form without any layout information. The CDISC Operational Data Model (ODM) was chosen as the appropriate format for the standardized representation of data models. The system was implemented with Ruby on Rails and applies web 2.0 technologies to provide a community based solution. Forms from different source systems – both routine care and clinical research – were converted into ODM format and uploaded into the portal.Results: A portal for medical data models based on ODM-files was implemented (http://www.medical-data-models.org). Physicians are able to upload, comment, rate and download medical data models. More than 250 forms with approximately 8000 items are provided in different views (overview and detailed presentation) and in multiple languages. For instance, the portal contains forms from clinical and research information systems.Conclusion: The portal provides a system-independent repository for multilingual data models in ODM format which can be used by physicians. It serves as a platform for discussion and enables the exchange of multilingual medical data models in a standardized way.

scholarly journals ODM Clinical Data Generator: Syntactically Correct Clinical Data Based on Metadata Definition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias J. Brix ◽  
Ludger Becker ◽  
Timm Harbich ◽  
Johannes Oehm ◽  
Maximilian Fechner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Clinical Trial Data ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
Data Models ◽  
Clinical Test ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Data Generator ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Privacy Issues

The Operational Data Model (ODM) is a data standard for interchanging clinical trial data. ODM contains the metadata definition of a study, i.e., case report forms, as well as the clinical data, i.e., the answers of the participants. The portal of medical data models is an infrastructure for creation, exchange, and analysis of medical metadata models. There, over 23000 metadata definitions can be downloaded in ODM format. Due to data protection law and privacy issues, clinical data is not contained in these files. Access to exemplary clinical test data in the desired metadata definition is necessary in order to evaluate systems claiming to support ODM or to evaluate if a planned statistical analysis can be performed with the defined data types. In this work, we present a web application, which generates syntactically correct clinical data in ODM format based on an uploaded ODM metadata definition. Data types and range constraints are taken into account. Data for up to one million participants can be generated in a reasonable amount of time. Thus, in combination with the portal of medical data models, a large number of ODM files including metadata definition and clinical data can be provided for testing of any ODM supporting system. The current version of the application can be tested at https://cdgen.uni-muenster.de and source code is available, under MIT license, at https://imigitlab.uni-muenster.de/published/odm-clinical-data-generator.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cultural Conflict in the Development of Web-Enabled Information Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 126-148
Author(s):  
Pradipta K. Sarkar ◽  
Jacob L. Cybulski
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Internet Commerce ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Business Units ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
The Web

The advent of the World Wide Web (WWW) and the emergence of Internet commerce have given rise to the web as a medium of information exchange. In recent years, the phenomenon has affected the realm of transaction processing systems, as organizations are moving from designing web pages for marketing purposes, to web-based applications that support business-to-business (WEB) and business-to-consumer (B2C) interactions, integrated with databases and other back-end systems (Isakowitz, Bieber et al., 1998). Furthermore, web-enabled applications are increasingly being used to facilitate transactions even between various business units within a single enterprise. Examples of some of the more popular web-enabled applications in use today include airline reservation systems, internet banking, student enrollment systems in universities, and Human Resource (HR) and payroll systems. The prime motive behind the adoption of web-enabled applications are productivity gains due to reduced processing time, decrease in the usage of paper-based documentation and conventional modes of communication (such as letters, fax, or telephone), and improved quality of services to clients. Indeed, web-based solutions are commonly referred to as customer-centric (Li, 2000), which means that they provide user interfaces that do not necessitate high level of computer proficiency. Thus, organizations implement such systems to streamline routine transactions and gain strategic benefits in the process (Nambisan & Wang, 1999), though the latter are to be expected in the long-term. Notwithstanding the benefits of web technology adoption, the web has ample share of challenges for initiators and developers. Many of these challenges are associated with the unique nature of web-enabled applications. Research in the area of web-enabled information systems has revealed several differences with traditional applications. These differences exist with regards to system development methodology, stakeholder involvement, tasks, and technology (Nazareth, 1998). According to Fraternali (1999), web applications are commonly developed using an evolutionary prototyping approach, whereby the simplified version of the application is deployed as a pilot first, in order to gather user feedback. Thus, web-enabled applications typically undergo continuous refinement and evolution (Ginige, 1998; Nazareth, 1998; Siau, 1998; Standing, 2001). Prototype-based development also leads web-enabled information systems to have much shorter development life cycles, but which, unlike traditional applications, are regrettably developed in a rather adhoc fashion (Carstensen & Vogelsang, 2001). However, the principal difference between the two kinds of applications lies in the broad and diverse group of stakeholders associated with web-based information systems (Gordijn, Akkermans, et al., 2000; Russo, 2000; Earl & Khan, 2001; Carter, 2002; Hasselbring, 2002; Standing, 2002; Stevens & Timbrell, 2002). Stakeholders, or organizational members participating in a common business process (Freeman, 1984), vary in their computer competency, business knowledge, language and culture. This diversity is capable of causing conflict between different stakeholder groups with regards to the establishment of system requirements (Pouloudi & Whitley, 1997; Stevens & Timbrell, 2002). Since, web-based systems transcend organizational, departmental, and even national boundaries, the issue of culture poses a significant challenge to the web systems’ initiators and developers (Miles & Snow, 1992; Kumar & van Dissel, 1996; Pouloudi & Whitley, 1996; Li & Williams, 1999).

Interoperability of B2B Applications

2005 ◽  
pp. 297-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Nicolle ◽  
Kokou Yetongnon ◽  
Jean-Claude Simon
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Web Data ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Design Environments ◽  
Meta Level ◽  
Business To Business ◽  
The Web

This paper presents a Web-based data integration methodology and tool framework, called X-TIME, for the development of Business-to-Business (B2B) design environments and applications. X-TIME provides a data model translator toolkit based on an extensible meta model and XML. It allows the creation of adaptable semantic-oriented meta models to support the design of wrappers or reconciliators (mediators), taking into account characteristics of interoperable information systems, such as extensibility and composability. X-TIME defines a set of meta types which correspond to g meta level semantic descriptors of data models found in the Web. The meta types are organized in a generalization hierarchy to capture semantic similarities among modeling concepts of interoperable systems. We show how to use the X-TIME methodology to build cooperative environments for B2B platforms involving the integration of Web data and services.

Translating Schemas Between Data Modelling Languages

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Peter McBrien
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Data Models ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Data Modelling ◽  
Modelling Language ◽  
Modelling Languages ◽  
The Future

Data held in information systems is modelled using a variety of languages, where the choice of language may be decided by functional concerns as well as non-technical concerns. This chapter focuses on data modelling languages, and the challenges faced in mapping schemas in one data modelling language into another data modelling language. We review the ER, relational and UML modelling languages (the later being representative of object oriented programming languages), highlighting aspects of each modelling language that are not representable in the others. We describe how a nested hypergraph data model may be used as an underlying representation of data models, and hence present the differences between the modelling languages in a more precise manner. Finally, we propose a platform for the future building of an automated procedure for translating schemas from one modelling language to another.

A Data Structure Model Supporting Railway Distributed System Integration

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanning Wang ◽  
Weixiang Xu ◽  
Chaolong Jia
Keyword(s):  
Data Integration ◽  
Distributed System ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Model ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Data Models ◽  
Common Data Model ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Application Systems

Railway distributed system integration needs to realize information exchange, resources sharing and coordination process across fields, departments and application systems. And railway data integration is essential to implement this integration. In order to resolve the problem of heterogeneity of data models among data sources of different railway operation systems, this paper presents a novel integration data model of spatial structure, a XML-oriented 3-dimension common data model. The proposed model accommodates both the flexibility of level relationship and syntax expression in data integration. In this model, a spatial data pattern is used to describe and express the characteristic relationship of data items among all types of data. Based on the data model with rooted directed graph and the organization of level as well as the flexibility of the expression, the model can represent the mapping between different data models, including relationship model and object-oriented model. A consistent concept and algebraic description of the data set is given to function as the metadata in data integration, so that the algebraic manipulation of data integration is standardized to support the data integration of distributed system.

Interoperability between Distributed Systems and Web-Services Composition

2011 ◽  
pp. 2210-2215
Author(s):  
Christophe Nicolle
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Data Models ◽  
Efficient Manner ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Ticket Sale ◽  
Data Heterogeneity ◽  
System Interoperability ◽  
Reservation System

An information system is a multi-axis system characterized by a “data” axis, a “behavioral” axis, and a “communication” axis. The data axis corresponds to the structural and schematic technologies used to store data into the system. The behavioral axis represents management and production processes carried out by the system and corresponding technologies. The processes can interact with the data to extract, generate, and store data. The communication axis relates to the network used to exchange data and activate processes between geographically distant users or machines. Nowadays, technologies required for interoperability are extended to deal with the semantic aspect of the information systems. The aim of the semantic axis is to take into account new aspects of the sharing of the data and the processes, such as the understanding of the data and the processes, the access security, and owner rights (OWL Services Coalition, 2006). Information system interoperation has emerged as a central design issue in Web-based information systems to allow data and service sharing among heterogeneous systems. Data heterogeneity stemming from the diversity of data formats or models used to represent and store information in the Web is a major obstacle to information systems interoperability. These data models range from the structured data models (network, relational, OO) found in traditional databases to flat files and emerging Web oriented semi-structured models. Information system interoperability aims at supporting the amalgamation autonomous heterogeneous systems to create integrated virtual environments or architectures in which information from multiple disparate sources can be accessed in a transparent and efficient manner. As an example of such integrated virtual systems, consider an airline reservation system based on the integration of a group of airlines reservation and ticket sale information systems. The specific airline systems provide various types of fares and special discount trips. That can be searched and compared to respond to user queries for finding the best available prices for specified flights.

Clinical Research Information Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 135-154
Author(s):  
Prakash M. Nadkarni ◽  
Luis N. Marenco ◽  
Cynthia A. Brandt
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Information

The design and structure of clinical research information systems

1985 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia A. Testa ◽  
Donald C. Simonson
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Research Information
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document